Unification Church and anti-Semitism
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The Unification Church officially takes a pro-Jewish, pro-Israel stance, yet many Jews denounce the church as anti-Semitic because of its teachings about the Jews in the Old and New testaments.
The main areas of dispute center on:
- How Unification theology evaluates Jewish preparation to receive the Messiah in the Old Testament and the New Testament; and
- How the Unification concept of "indemnity" relates the Crucifixion to the Holocaust
In a 1976 statement published as a full-page advertisement in major newspapers, Rev. Moon said,
- The Unification Movement categorically condemns anti-Semitism, the most hideous, abject and cruel form of hatred. We regard the murder of six million Jews in Europe the result of political short-sightedness and lack of moral responsibility on the part of Germany's political and religious leaders, and [others who] acted too late to block Hitler's ascent to power, postponed the action for his downfall, and did nothing to rescue the victims who were the captives of his satanic plans and designs.
Yet he has also made several statements which in seeming contradiction to this "nice" sentiment, appear to blame the Jews alone. For example,
- To recreate Israel, the church and the state must become one as Cain and Abel. Instead they became one with Rome and captured and killed Jesus. They united with Rome. Who are the Jewish members here, raise your hands! Jewish people, you have to repent. Jesus was the King of Israel. Through the principle of indemnity Hitler killed 6 million Jews. That is why. God could not prevent Satan from doing that because Israel killed the True Parents. Even now, you have to determine that you will repent and follow and become one with Christianity through Rev. Moon. [1] (http://www.unification.net/news/2003/news20030302_1.html) (speech to members, March 2, 2003 - emphasis added)
While many of the church's recruits have historically been Jews, some rabbis have seen what Rabbi A. James Rudin called a pattern of "unrelieved hostility to the Jewish people" in Moon's Divine Principle, including stereotypes and notions of collective guilt long condemned by mainstream Christian denominations.
Whatever the intent of Sun Myung Moon, his language was enough to prompt condemnation by the extremist Jewish Defense League in the 1970s, which took offense at Unification Church views of Jews.
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Unificationist views
Members of the Unification Church, for their part, consider the church to be both pro-Israel and pro-Jewish and thus are puzzled and hurt by charges that the church's teachings could be regarded by anyone as anti-Semitic. Church leaders repeatedly asked for discussions with Jewish leaders who raised the charge of anti-Semitism in 1976, and after getting no response took out full-page newspaper ads to call attention to the church's pro-Jewish and pro-Israeli stance.
Rev. Sun Myung Moon has said:
- The Unification Movement categorically condemns anti-Semitism, the most hideous, abject and cruel form of hatred. We regard the murder of six million Jews in Europe the result of political short-sightedness and lack of moral responsibility on the part of Germany's political and religious leaders, and [others who] acted too late to block Hitler's ascent to power, postponed the action for his downfall, and did nothing to rescue the victims who were the captives of his satanic plans and designs.
- The Unification Movement recognizes the divine and natural right of the Jewish people to physical survival and preservation of its specific religious traditions.
- The Unification Movement regards the Land of Israel as a haven for the Holocaust survivors and sanctuary for all those individual Jews who are trying to escape physical persecution and religious, racial or national oppression.
- The Unification Movement [will work] for an acceptable accommodation between the Arabs and Jews, and to achieve a genuine and lasting peace in the Middle East, one of the most important corners of the world.
- The Unification Movement is grateful to God, to His true and righteous prophets and saints of our common spiritual tradition who prepared the foundations on which we stand and organize our struggle. We consider ourselves to be the younger brother of our Jewish... brethren, all of whom are children of our Heavenly Father. We regard it as our duty to respect and serve the elder sons of our Father, and it is our mission to serve Judaism ...
- The Unification Movement [is] guided by the concepts of Unity and Brotherhood expressed in the Divine Commandments, the foundations of our common spiritual heritage. [2] (http://www.tparents.org/Moon-Talks/sunmyungmoon76/SM761200.htm)
Jewish views
The Unification Church is accused of traditional Christian forms of theological anti-Semitism.
Blame for the crucifixion
Many Jews feel that the church's views on Jewish responsibility for the crucifixion of Jesus are anti-Semitic. The head of the church, Sun Myung Moon, has called on Jews to repent for the crucifixion, though it has recently gone unnoticed by such anti-hate groups as the ADL.
Blame for the Holocaust
Several authoritative statements by Rev. Moon about the Holocaust appear in Jewish eyes to place the blame for it mostly on the Jews themselves, as divine retribution for the crucifixion, which is another classic anti-Semitic idea.
The Rudin report
According to Jews and Judaism in Rev. Moon's Divine Principle, a report issued by the American Jewish Committee (AJC) in 1976, "every time Rev. Moon mentions Jews or Israelites he portrays them collectively as reprobate, with evil intentions."
The controversy raised by the AJC centers around passages found in Divine Principle (http://www.euro-tongil.org/dp73/), the church's theology textbook. Rabbi A. James Rudin, Assistant Director of the Interreligious Affairs Department of the American Jewish Committee, wrote:
- An analysis of this document reveals an orientation of almost unrelieved hostility toward the Jewish people, exemplified in pejorative language, stereotyped imagery, and accusations of collective sin and guilt.
- Whether he is discussing the "Israelites" of the Hebrew Bible or the "Jews" as referred to in writings of the New Testament period, Rev. Moon portrays their behavior as reprobate, their intentions as evil (often diabolical), and their religious mission as eclipsed.
- There are over 36 specific references in Divine Principle to the Israelites of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament); each one is pejorative. For example, the "faithlessness" of the Israelites is mentioned four times on a single page (p. 330). (source (http://www.freedomofmind.com/groups/moonies/jews_div_principle.htm))
Passages in Rev. Moon's talks
In a sermon delivered on March 2, 2003, Moon said:
- "To recreate Israel, the church and the state must become one as Cain and Abel. Instead they became one with Rome and captured and killed Jesus. They united with Rome. Who are the Jewish members here, raise your hands! Jewish people, you have to repent. Jesus was the King of Israel. Through the principle of indemnity Hitler killed 6 million Jews. That is why. God could not prevent Satan from doing that because Israel killed the True Parents. Even now, you have to determine that you will repent and follow and become one with Christianity through Rev. Moon."
In this passage, Moon clearly calls on Jews to repent and join his movement, if not his church per se.
He also seems to assert that the Jews were responsible for the death of Jesus, and that this was the cause of the Holocaust. Blaming Jews for the death of Jesus, and asserting that the Holocaust was in some sense divine retribution, are classic anti-Semitic ideas.
Unificationists, however, maintain that it's not that simple: it was Roman soldiers who actually crucified Jesus, and the church condemns the Holocaust. This leaves a puzzle for theologians, having to do with the church's little-understood teaching of "indemnity" -- but clearly drawing a line of causation between the Jews' alleged guilt for killing Christ, and what the UC, to many, seems to view as a subsequent payback in the Nazi Holocaust.
Controversy
Jewish people and Unificationists and their critics, including many Jews, disagree on two major points:
- Whether it is "anti-Semitic" to regard Jews, ancient or modern, as bearing any degree of responsibility for the crucifixion of Jesus
- Whether the church is "blaming" the Holocaust on Jews (i.e., whether the church considers it to be divine retribution)
See also
- Judeo-Christian
- Comparing and contrasting Judaism and Christianity
- List of Messianic Jews and Hebrew Christians
- Lost Ten Tribes
- Anglo-Israelism
- Anti-Semitism
- Supersessionism
- Christian Zionism
- Christianity and Jewish prophecy
- Christianity and anti-Semitism
- Jewish Christians
- Mormonism and Judaism
- Talmidaism
External links and references
- A critical report (http://www.cultnews.com/archives/000035.html)
- Statement On Jews And Israel (http://www.tparents.org/Moon-Talks/sunmyungmoon76/SM761200.htm)
- Jews and Judaism in Rev. Moon's Divine Principle (http://www.freedomofmind.com/groups/moonies/jews_div_principle.asp), a report issued by the American Jewish Committee (AJC) in 1976
- Text of March 2, 2003 sermon (http://www.unification.net/news/2003/news20030302_1.html)