USS Reuben James (DD-245)
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Missing image Dd245reubenjames.jpg USS Reuben James (DD-245) | |
| Career | 
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| Ordered: | |
| Laid down: | 2 April 1919 |
| Launched: | 4 October 1919 |
| Commissioned: | 24 September 1920 |
| Decommissioned: | |
| Fate: | Torpedoed 31 October 1941 |
| Struck: | |
| General Characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 1190t |
| Length: | 314ft 5in 31ft 8in x 14ft 1in (95.8m x 9.65m x 4.3m) |
| Propulsion: | |
| Speed: | 35kts (65km/h) |
| Range: | |
| Complement: | 101 officers and enlisted |
| Armament: | 4-4in, 1-3in (76mm), 12-21in (533mm) TT |
| Aircraft: | 0 |
| Motto: | |
The first USS Reuben James (DD-245), a post-World War I four-stack Clemson-class destroyer, was the first United States Navy ship sunk by hostile action in World War II and the first named for a Boatswain's Mate who distinguished himself fighting the Barbary pirates.
Reuben James was laid down on 2 April 1919, launched on 4 October 1919, and commissioned on 24 September 1920 with Commander Gordon W. Hines in command.
Assigned to the Atlantic Fleet, Reuben James saw duty in the Mediterranean Sea from 1921 to 1922. Based then at New York City, she patrolled the Nicaraguan coast to prevent the delivery of weapons to revolutionaries in early 1926. She was decommissioned at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on 20 January 1931. Recommissioned on 9 March 1932, the ship again operated in the Atlantic and the Caribbean, patrolling Cuban waters during the coup by Fulgencio Batista. She transferred to San Diego, California in 1934. Following maneuvers that evaluated aircraft carriers, Reuben James returned to the Atlantic Fleet in January 1939.
Upon the outbreak of war in Europe in September 1939, she joined the Neutrality Patrol, and guarded the Atlantic and Caribbean Sea approaches the American coast. In March 1941, Reuben James joined the convoy escort force established to promote the safe arrival of war material to the United Kingdom. This escort force guarded convoys as far as Iceland, where they became responsibility of British escorts.
Based at Hvalfjordur, Iceland, she sailed from Argentia, Newfoundland on 23 October 1941, with four other destroyers to escort eastbound convoy HX-156. While escorting that convoy at about 0525, 31 October 1941, Reuben James was torpedoed by German submarine U 552 near Iceland. Reuben James had positioned herself between an ammunition ship in the convoy and the known position of a "wolfpack." Reuben James was hit forward by a torpedo and her entire bow was blown off when a magazine exploded. The bow sank immediately. The aft section floated for five minutes before going down. Of the crew, 44 survived, and 100 died.
Woody Guthrie wrote "The Sinking of the Reuben James," set to the tune of the folk song "Wildwood Flower," which he performed with Pete Seeger and the other Almanac Singers.
For other ships of this name, see USS Reuben James.
External links
- National Archives site with photo (http://www.archives.gov/exhibit_hall/a_people_at_war/prelude_to_war/uss_reuben_james.html)
- Woody Guthrie song (http://www.geocities.com/lilandr/kantoj/usonanglaj/ReubenJames1.htm) - Lyrics, with MIDI of tune available