Temporary International Presence in Hebron
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Temporary International Presence in Hebron or TIPH is a group of civilians observing the situation in the West Bank city of Hebron. It is staffed by personnel from Denmark, Italy, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Turkey. Its main task is to "assist in monitoring and reporting the efforts to maintain normal life in the City of Hebron, thus creating a feeling of security among Palestinians in the City of Hebron." [1] (http://www.tiph.org/Documents/Agreement.asp)
After the 1994 Hebron massacre in which 29 Palestinians were killed by an Israeli settlers the UN Security Council called for an international presence in Hebron. The first TIPH mission began on 8 May, 1994. However the Palestinian Authority and the Israeli government could not reach an agreement on the extension of the mandate and the observers were therefore withdrawn on August 8, 1994.
May 12, 1996 the TIPH observers were reinstated, this time with only Norwegian members. Since then the mission has been reinforced with staff from other countries with Norway as the coordinator. TIPH is remaining in Hebron at the time of writing.
March 26, 2002 two observers, Catherine Berruex and Turgut Cengiz Toytunį were killed by two Palestinian gunmen. A Palestinian man is currently being prosecuted in Israeli court for participation in the attack.
TIPH has been criticized by Israeli settlers in Hebron to being to lenient in reporting Palestinian misconduct and to harsh on Jewish misconduct. Therefore the question of TIPH's success or failure has become a part of the larger question whether Israel should allow international observers and peacekeeping forces access to the occupied territories.
Photos: A TIPH observer in Hebron (http://www.tiph.org/images/startpage.jpg), TIPH HQ in Hebron (http://www.tiph.org/images/tiphhq.jpg), TIPH doctor (http://www.tiph.org/images/tiphdelivery.jpg), A few TIPH observers and a TIPH car (http://www.nonviolentways.org/israel2001-tiph.jpg)
External Links & References
- http://www.tiph.org/
- Jewish Virtual Library: History of the TIPH (http://www.tiph.org/images/tiphdelivery.jpg)