System 6
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System 6 was a version of Mac OS, the operating system of the Apple Macintosh computer, which was used in the late 1980s prior to the introduction of System 7. It featured cooperative multitasking, and it is still widely considered to be best Macintosh System Software for the machines that can run it, and there are hobbyist groups surfing the web using System 6 and elderly Macs to run it.
Multitasking
Cooperative multitasking made its Macintosh debut in March 1985 with a program called Switcher, which allowed the user to launch multiple applications and switch between them. However, many programs and features did not function correctly with Switcher, which had to be acquired from Apple separately, as it did not come with the operating system. System 6 featured a much more seamless approach called MultiFinder. MultiFinder originally debuted with System 5 (System file 4.2 / Finder 6.0).
Multitasking under System 6 was optional — startup could be set to Finder or MultiFinder. If MultiFinder were selected, the Finder and its functions continued to run when an application was launched. The MultiFinder environment allowed users to see past the windows of running applications to view Finder icons such as the Trash, or the windows of other applications running in the background.
Differences
System 6 with MultiFinder differed from the later System 7 in the following principal ways:
- At the upper right hand corner, where System 7's application menu would later come to be, was the icon of the currently running application; clicking on it would cycle through running applications rather than displaying a menu of running applications to choose from. However, a list of running applications was appended to the bottom of the Apple menu, and could be selected there.
- System 6 supported only 24 bits of addressable memory, rather than the full 32 bits, and so could address a maximum of 8 megabytes of RAM. There was no support for virtual memory.
- Under System 6, although you could drag a file or folder out onto the Desktop, and the system would then remember that placement, you could not save directly to the Desktop and there was no invisible Desktop Folder as there was under System 7 and subsequent classic Macintosh operating systems. In file "open" dialogs, existing files on the Desktop would show up at the root of the drive.
- File "Open", "Save", and "Save As" dialog boxes would rotate through available disks when one used the Tab key. With the debut of System 7, the Tab key was repurposed to shift the input focus from the file name field to the window showing the contents of the currently active disk or folder. These dialogs did not contain the "New Folder" button of later versions, although third party extensions made that functionality available.
- The Apple Menu was not as extensively editable as under System 7 and later classic Mac OS. The only items that could exist under the Apple Menu were mini-programs called Desk Accessories, which were installed and removed with the aid of a program called Font/DA Mover. The Chooser, the Scrapbook, and the Control Panel counted as Desk Accessories, and only a maximum of 15 could be installed at one time. There was no "Apple Menu Items" folder.
- The Control Panel, as noted, was a Desk Accessory rather than a Folder. The actual items that would later, under System 7, be known as Control Panels, were called control panel devices, or 'cdevs', and were placed at the root of the System Folder rather than in a dedicated folder. Items with this file type were picked up on by the Control Panel desk accessory, which would include them in a scrollable list of controls and settings. System behavior modifiers that did not include a control panel interface — these would be called "Extensions" under System 7 and beyond — were known as 'INITs' and were also placed at the root of the System Folder.
- The Trash, under System 6 and earlier, would empty itself automatically when one quit or, if MultiFinder were not running, when one launched an application. System 0.7 (System file 3.0 / Finder 5.1) introduced Trash "bulging", i.e., when the Trash contained files, it would gain a bulged appearnance.
- System 6 did not have aliases; it did not have custom icons (and icons did not appear in the "info" window of a file, folder, or disk); and although it supported color for applications, most of the Finder and System-dialog interfaces were in black and white. Since System 5.0 (System file 4.2 / Finder 6.0) The Finder did support coloring of icon outlines on a color-capable Mac, and System 5.0 was the first to use this ability for Finder labels. The labels menu did not get displayed on a black and white Macintosh.
Version History
| Version Number | Release Date | Computer |
| 6.0 | 1988 | |
| 6.0.1 | September 19th, 1988 | Macintosh IIx |
| 6.0.2 | Late 1988 | |
| 6.0.3 | March 7th 1989 | Macintosh IIcx |
| 6.0.4 | September 20th, 1989 | Mac IIci and Mac Portable |
| 6.0.5 | March 19th 1990 | Macintosh IIfx |
| 6.0.7 | October 15th 1990 | Mac Classic, LC and IIsi |
| 6.0.8 | Late 1990 |
The System 6 was also an IBM word processor, which came integrated into a desk-sized unit with a printer, small screen and magnetic card storage.