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- War (7002 bytes)
8: ...le in others fields. The continued advance of technology has led to an increase in the destructiveness...
10: The study of warfare is known as [[military history]].
14: ...sts]], believe that war is inherently immoral and no war should ever be fought. This position was forc...
16: ...is attitude was embraced by many societies from [[Sparta]] in [[Ancient Greece]] and the [[Ancient Rome|An...
43: ...r, particularly by those who do not accept the connotations of the term. - Ancient Greece (23806 bytes)
2: ...tered Greek settlements on the coasts of what are now [[Albania]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Egypt]], [[France]]...
4: ...nclude the periods of the [[Minoan civilization|Minoan]] and [[History of Mycenaean Greece|Mycenaean]]...
6: ...lympic Games]] in [[776 BC]], but most historians now extend the term back to about [[1000 BC]]. The t...
15: ..." and [[Jerome]]'s "Chronicon", contain brief chronologies and king lists for this period. The history...
17: ...l, military and diplomatic history, and ignore economic and social history. All histories of Ancient G... - Agesilaus II (5597 bytes)
1: '''Agesilaus II''', or Agesilaos II, king of [[Sparta]], of the [[Eurypontid]] family, was the son of [...
3: ...lis he attempted to offer a sacrifice, as [[Agamemnon]] had done before the [[Trojan]] expedition, but...
4: ...inth%2C_Greece|Corinth]], [[Argos]] and several minor states. A rapid march through [[Thrace]] and [[...
5: troops and a Spartan army, he met the confederate forces
9: Shortly before this battle the Spartan [[navy]], of which he had - Agis II (2300 bytes)
1: ...uled with his [[Agiad]] co-monarch [[Pausanias of Sparta|Pausanius]].
3: ...n [[427 BC]], and as king was the chief leader of Spartan military
6: ... in defence of [[Epidaurus]], and after skilful manoeuvring surrounded the Argive army, and seemed to ...
8: ...d prepared to march on [[Tegea]], their fury knew no bounds, and Agis escaped having his house razed a...
10: ...eir [[perioeci]] (citizens of cities conquered by Sparta, who were given some privileges) and to allow - Alcibiades (7778 bytes)
2: ...4;ΩΝΙΔΗΣ</small>)[[#Notes|¹]] (c. [[450 BC]]-[[404 BC]]) was an Ath...
4: ...n in [[Athens]], the son of [[Cleinias]] and [[Deinomache]], who belonged to the family of the [[Alcma...
7: Nor did the instructors of his early manhood supply ...
9: ...s master [[Socrates]], he was able to admire, but not to imitate or practise.
10: ...s, his debaucheries and his impious revels became notorious. - Alcman (1163 bytes)
1: ...ne lyric poets of Greece in the [[Alexandria]]n canon, flourished in the latter half of the [[7th cent...
3: ... Greek shows that he must have come very early to Sparta, where, after the close of the Messenian wars, th...
7: ... of Asiatic sensuousness seem out of place amidst Spartan simplicity. The fragments are scanty, the most c... - Amyntas III of Macedon (1278 bytes)
5: He concluded a treaty with the [[Sparta]]ns, who assisted him to reduce [[Olynthus]] ([[3... - Andocides (1237 bytes)
3: ...nd was distrusted by the democrats. Andocides was no professional orator; his style is simple and live...
5: ...n Mysteries]]; ''De Pace,'' advocating peace with Sparta; ''Contra [[Alcibiades|Alcibiadem]],'' generally ... - Antalcidas (1665 bytes)
1: '''Antalcidas''' was a [[Sparta]]n soldier and diplomat, the son of Leon.
3: ...recognize Persian claims to the whole of [[Asia Minor]] and supremacy over [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] ci...
5: ... Tiribazus, who was favourable to Sparta, threw Conon into prison, but [[Artaxerxes II]] (Mnemon) disa...
9: #the whole of Asia Minor, with the islands of [[Clazomenae]] and [[Cyprus...
10: ...rsian rule -- were to be independent, except [[Lemnos]], Imbros and Scyros, which were to belong, as f... - Pyrrhus of Epirus (7425 bytes)
11: ...ines by an oracle from [[Delphi]]. His goals were not, however, selfless. He recognized the possibilit...
15: ...s. Though his casulties were high, this battle is not usually considered a "pyrrhic" victory. Several ...
23: ...st him. Though he defeated the Carthaginians in another battle, he was forced to abandon Sicily and r...
25: ...[[275 BC]]) in southern Italy. This time ther was not even a "pyrrhic" victory.
29: ...ectedly strong resistance thwarted his assault on Sparta. He was immediately offered an opportunity to in... - Socrates (7975 bytes)
5: ...of Delium]] and the [[Battle of Amphipolis]]. We know from [[Symposium (Plato)|Plato's ''Symposium'']]...
7: ...given his father's occupation as an artisan; in Xenophon's ''Symposium'', Socrates explicitly states t...
9: ...ian Empire]] to its decline after its defeat by [[Sparta]] and its allies in the [[Peloponnesian War]]. At...
11: ...r as he ''knew'' he knew nothing and strived for knowledge. Historical accounts from varied sources, ...
13: ...ial thinker and philosopher of his time. Although no written accounts of his real life have been locat... - Artemis (11271 bytes)
3: ...(god)|Apollo]]. In [[Roman mythology]], she was known as [[Diana (goddess)|Diana]]. In [[Etruscan my...
11: ... deity. The city of Ephesus is probably the best known of the Asian centers of her worship, from the s...
13: ...ron]] and the festival of [[Artemis Orthia]] in [[Sparta]].
29: ...mb|250px|Closeup of statue of Artemis from Asia Minor. Image provided by [http://classroomclipart.com ...
33: ...erly believed to be multiple breasts but are now known to have represented bull testes (''see right'')... - Ancient Olympic Games (9077 bytes)
8: ...ace should be re-enacted every four years, while another claims that deity [[Zeus]] had instated the f...
10: ...im to organise games in honour of the gods. The [[Sparta]]n adversary of Iphitos then decided to stop the ...
12: ...omaus was killed. Pelops married the princess but not before murdering Myrtilus, whose curse later res...
21: ... use [[Anno Domini|AD]] and BC. Thus, by that chronology, the first Olympiad would have taken place in...
31: The Athenian writer [[Xenophon]] in [[364 BC]] gives a contemporary record o... - Zeus (17267 bytes)
6: ...me god among the [[Germanic tribes]] and they did not identify Zeus/Jupiter with either Tyr or Odin, b...
8: ...tance, the classical Zeus also derives certain iconographic traits from the cultures of the [[ancient ...
23: ...amous Games. There was also an altar to Zeus made not of stone, but of ash - from the accumulated rema...
25: ... at any number of [[Greek temple]]s from [[Asia Minor]] to [[Sicily]]. Certain modes of ritual were he...
33: ...mage-route to one such site, emphasizing Cretan knowledge. On Crete, Zeus was represented in art as a... - Acropolis, Athens (7462 bytes)
1: [[image:acropolis-panorama-night.jpg|none|thumb|805px|The Acropolis of Athens lit up at n...
3: ...humb|200px|The Acropolis of Athens, seen from the north, with the restored [[Stoa of Attalus]] in the ...
7: ...361.JPG|thumb|200px|The western side of the Parthenon]]
9: ...reece]]. It was also known as '''Cecropia''' in honor of the legendary [[serpent]]-man, [[Cecrops]], t...
11: ... an iron-age fort on top of the Acropolis. It was not until after the [[Persian Wars]] that the Acropo... - Athena Nike (1650 bytes)
1: ...g she would remain in Athens for success over the Spartans. - Peloponnesian War (15884 bytes)
1: ...and the [[Peloponnesian League]] which included [[Sparta]] and [[Corinth, Greece|Corinth]]. The war was do...
5: ...he Lacedaemonians (commonly known as the [[Sparta|Spartans]]), who, as leaders of the [[Peloponnesian Leag...
7: ...y Thucydides, but modern economic historians have noted that forbidding Megara to trade with the prosp...
11: ... very nearly unbeatable (thanks to the legendary Spartan forces). The Athenian Empire, though based in th...
13: ...ots]], needed to be kept under control, and could not be left unsupervised for long periods of time. - Greco-Persian Wars (5983 bytes)
3: ...r or later. Persian satraps (governors) of Asia Minor installed tyrants in most of Ionian cities and f...
7: ...ner)|Phidippides]] got the message for help to [[Sparta]] in record time, but in the end the Athenians an...
9: ... provided little room for his heavy triremes to manoeuver, allowing the lighter Greek ships to flank a...
11: ... Also in this year a Greek fleet commanded by the Spartan king [[Leotychides]] destroyed the remaining Per...
13: ... [[Memphis, Egypt|Memphis]] ca. [[454 BC|454]]. Another expedition in [[450 BC|450]] failed to revive... - Mycenaean Greece (6175 bytes)
2: ...e from the archaeological site [[Mycenae]] in the northeastern [[Argolid]], in the [[Peloponnesos]] of...
8: ...[[Minoan civilization]], and adopted a form the Minoan script called [[Linear A]] to write their early...
10: ...ere buried in a sitting position, and some of the nobility underwent [[mummy|mummification]].
12: ...lthough the historical validity of this theory is now doubted.
18: ...ernationally in the description of Mycenean and Minoan pottery. - Aegean Sea (2751 bytes)
3: ...the Greek peninsula and [[Anatolia]] (Asia Minor, now part of [[Turkey]]). It is connected to the [[Ma...
7: ...nese]]. Later arose the city-states of Athens and Sparta among many others that constituted the [[Hellenic...
9: ...nerally difficult. Many of the islands are [[volcano|volcanic]], and [[marble]] and [[iron]] are mined...
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