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- Eye (21834 bytes)
11: ...nsitive cell(s). Some eyes have up to 28,000 such sensors, which are arranged hexagonally, and which can g...
13: ...such an eye varies, however: some trilobites had only one, and some had thousands of lenses in one eye...
15: ...more. This enables snails to keep out of direct sunlight.
65: ...which allow humans and other animals to see by moonlight, or with very little available light (as in a...
79: ...plate striking the head will not damage the eye, unless it breaks the skull. - Ceramics (15941 bytes)
57: ...used as a susceptor in microwave furnaces, a commonly used abrasive, and as a refractory material.
88: ...emiconducting ceramics are also employed as [[gas sensor]]s. When various gases are passed over a polycry...
112: ...r]]s, etc. The specialized formulations most commonly used in electronics are detailed in the book "Ta...
127: ...aliber [[rifle]] fire. Such plates are known commonly as [[small-arms protective insert]]s (SAPI). Ver... - Pioneer 11 (5118 bytes)
5: ...direction to Canopus as backup. Pioneer 11's star sensor gain and threshold settings were modified, based ...
7: ...]]s with overlapping fields of view to detect [[sunlight]] reflected from passing [[meteoroid]]s, seal... - Cilium (3845 bytes)
3: ...lium'', which cannot beat and usually serves as a sensor.
6: ... other organisms that have motile cilia use them only to move liquid over their cell's surface. - Venus (planet) (31010 bytes)
3: ...uring the daytime, making it one of only two heavenly bodies that can be seen both day and night (the ...
7: The adjective ''Venusian'' is commonly used for Venus, but it is etymologically incorre...
14: ...nds in the upper atmosphere circle the planet in only 4 days, helping to distribute the heat.
16: ...ght back into space. This prevents most of the sunlight from ever heating the surface. Venus's [[Bol...
18: ... of force against obstructions. The clouds are mainly composed of [[sulfur dioxide]] and [[sulfuric ac... - Seismograph (4037 bytes)
6: ...es, but those on the other side of the Earth can only record P waves.
12: ... suspension, a damper, a suspended mass, a motion sensor attached to the mass, an amplifying device, and a...
14: ...gists generally prefer a vertical seismograph if only one instrument is possible.
28: ...n systems, a pair of differential electronic photosensors. The recording device was traditionally paper o... - Hubble Space Telescope (50930 bytes)
54: ...s can be clearly distinguished) would be limited only by [[diffraction]], rather than by the turbulenc...
73: ...ptical Telescope Assembly (OTA) and Fine Guidance Sensors for the space telescope. [[Lockheed]] were comm...
88: ...quately withstand frequent passages from direct sunlight into the darkness of Earth's [[shadow]] which...
117: ... meant that images from the Space Telescope were only marginally better than the best images obtainabl...
159: ...eks before the mission), replaced a Fine Guidance Sensor and the computer, installed a Voltage/temperature... - Photography (18493 bytes)
2: ...nical]], [[chemical]] or [[digital]] devices commonly known as [[camera]]s.
5: Most commonly a [[camera]] or [[camera obscura]] is the image ...
30: ...early cameras did not fix an image in time; they only projected what was before an opening in the wall...
36: ...e [[negative_%28photography%29|negative]] image. Unlike a daguerreotype, a calotype negative could be ...
50: ...supplies of photographic equipment accounted for only about 20% of industry revenue. - Digital photography (33923 bytes)
4: ...hic film|film]] photography, uses an electronic [[sensor]] to record the image as a piece of electronic da...
6: ==Sensors==
8: There are two main types of sensors:
13: There are also two main types of sensor mechanisms:
16: * Linear array (very rare, only limited to the highest-end) - Aperture (3151 bytes)
2: ...eaching the [[Photographic film|film]] or digital sensor ([[Charge-coupled device|CCD]] or [[CMOS]]). In c... - Camera (4262 bytes)
11: ...ge coupled device]] (CCD) or sometimes a [[CMOS]] sensor to capture images which can be transferred or sto... - Molecular nanotechnology (10344 bytes)
10: ...rence to number of atoms in macro-sized product, unlike the Nano prefix for the number of subdivisions...
14: ====Smart Materials and Nanosensors====
17: ... cost less and use less power than a conventional sensor, and yet function usefully in all the same applic...
19: While smart materials and nanosensors both exemplify useful applications of nanotechno...
31: ...ion of disease and the reliable and relatively painless recovery from physical trauma. Medical nanoro... - Thermometer (1332 bytes)
10: *[[Silicon bandgap temperature sensor]]s
19: Oral temperatures may only be used on patients that are capable of holding ... - Computer mouse (29399 bytes)
2: '''5:''' Sensors gather light pulses to convert to X and Y veloci...
11: ...by ''Opocentsky'', 10/76, [http://www.freepatentsonline.com/3987685.html 3987685].]]
13: ...gelbart's oN-Line System ([[NLS (computer system)|NLS]]), which was both a hardware and software syste...
24: ...Kirsch]] of [[Mouse Systems Corporation]], could only be used on a special metallic surface ([[mouse p...
26: ... the Agilent Technologies ADNS-2610 optical mouse sensor will process 1512 frames per second: each frame i... - Exposure (photography) (2778 bytes)
1: ... on the [[Photographic film|film]] (or electronic sensor in the case of [[digital photography|digital phot... - Slugs (3980 bytes)
16: ...he upper pair--''optical tentacles''--are light [[sensor]]s; the lower pair provides the sense of [[smell]... - Compound eyes (2024 bytes)
4: ...between 12 and 1,000 [[ommatidia]] which are tiny sensors that distinguish between brightness and darkness...
6: ...t along their length, except for the polarization sensor, which is shorter. - Radar (16746 bytes)
15: ...called [[corner reflector|corner cube]]s are commonly used as radar reflectors to make otherwise diffi...
127: |W||75-110 GHz||2.7 - 4.0 mm||used as a visual sensor for experimental autonomous vehicles, high-resolu... - Global Positioning System (28209 bytes)
24: ...tion. If elevation information is already known, only signals from three satellites are needed (the po...
39: ...y the U.S. government and are generally provided only for military use. The keys are changed on a dail...
62: The antenna receives not only direct GPS signals, but also multipath signals: ...
65: ...curate Precise Positioning Service was available only to the United States military, its allies and ot...
71: ...DGPS network has been mainly developed by the [[Finland|Finnish]] and [[Sweden|Swedish]] maritime admi... - Spectrophotometry (4459 bytes)
21: ...that region. One major factor is the type of photosensors that are available for different spectral region...
23: ...e also spectrophotometers that use arrays of photosensors and, especially in the IR, there are spectrophot...
25: ...s measured with a [[photodiode]] or other [[light sensor]], and the [[transmittance]] for this wavelength ...
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