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- Marie Curie (5862 bytes)
2: ...bel laureate]]. She founded the [[Curie Institute|Curie Institutes]] in [[Paris]] and in [[Warsaw]].
5: ...ng even food and sleep to study. After graduating from high school, she suffered a [[nervous breakdown...
7: ...ive than uranium; thus on [[December 26]]th Marie Curie announced the existence of this new substance.
9: ...ative country, and the other was named [[radium]] from its intense radioactivity.
11: Together with [[Pierre Curie]] and [[Henri Becquerel]], she was awarded the [[...
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- Marie Curie (5862 bytes)
2: ...bel laureate]]. She founded the [[Curie Institute|Curie Institutes]] in [[Paris]] and in [[Warsaw]].
5: ...ng even food and sleep to study. After graduating from high school, she suffered a [[nervous breakdown...
7: ...ive than uranium; thus on [[December 26]]th Marie Curie announced the existence of this new substance.
9: ...ative country, and the other was named [[radium]] from its intense radioactivity.
11: Together with [[Pierre Curie]] and [[Henri Becquerel]], she was awarded the [[... - Age of the Earth (20052 bytes)
1: ...arth is not exactly known yet and the predictions from different accretion models vary between several...
4: ...s Ussher]] of [[Armagh]], [[Ireland]], calculated from the Bible (augmented by some [[astronomy]] and ...
6: ...ho thought the Earth and [[universe]] had existed from eternity.
9: ...tury]] that the Earth had been created separately from the rest of the universe, several hundred thous...
11: ... mostly speculative, but in [[1779]] the [[France|French]] naturalist the [[Georges-Louis Leclerc, Com... - Earth (30908 bytes)
7: ...th''' or '''Terra''', is the third planet outward from the [[Sun]]. It is the largest of the [[solar s...
14: ...f approximately 12,742 km. The maximum deviations from this are the highest point on Earth (the summit...
55: ... is only 1/20,000 as great as the energy received from the Sun.
70: ...oo hot to hold a permanent magnetic field (see: [[Curie temperature]]) but probably acts to stabilise the...
74: ...utaway-english.png|thumb|350px|left|Earth cutaway from core to exosphere. Partially to scale.]] - List of chemists (10401 bytes)
15: *[[Antoine Baum]], (1728-1804), French chemist
16: *[[Claude Louis Berthollet]], (1748-1822), French chemist
21: *[[Henri Braconnot]] (1780-1855), French chemist and pharmacist
31: ...Skłodowska-Curie]], (1867-1934), Polish-born French radiation physicist
32: *[[Pierre Curie]], (1859-1906) - Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen (8624 bytes)
6: .... He later attended [[Utrecht Technical School]], from which he was expelled for producing a caricatur...
8: ...e graduated with a [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] from the [[University of Zurich]].
16: .... He knew the cardboard covering prevented light from escaping, yet Röntgen observed that the invisi...
18: ...ng a match, he discovered the shimmering had come from the location of the barium platinocyanide scree...
20: ...nd of ray might be responsible. November 8 was a Friday, so he took advantage of the weekend to repea... - March 17 (9666 bytes)
7: ...mation of the [[Cathay Company]] to send [[Martin Frobisher]] back to the New World for more gold
11: ...oleonic)|Italian Republic]], with [[Napoleon I of France|Napoleon]] as president, becomes the [[Kingdo...
14: *[[1886]] - [[Carrollton Massacre]]: 20 [[African American]]s are killed in [[Mississippi]].
21: ...y opened by President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt|Franklin D. Roosevelt]].
22: *[[1948]] - [[Benelux]], [[France]], and the [[United Kingdom]] sign the [[Trea... - Cobalt (13481 bytes)
102: ...th 1.6~1.7 [[Bohr magneton]]s per [[atom]]. It is frequently associated with [[nickel]], and both are ...
130: ...y radioactive, and so cobalt machines have fallen from favor in the Western world where [[linacs]] are...
142: ... [[nickel]]). Some also think the name may derive from Greek ''kobalos'', which means 'mine', and whic...
149: Cobalt is not found as a free metal and is generally found in the form of [[o...
157: The isotopes of cobalt range in [[atomic weight]] from 50 [[atomic mass unit|amu]] (<sup>50</sup>Co) t... - Curium (8593 bytes)
176: ...wska-Curie|Marie Curie]] and her husband [[Pierre Curie|Pierre]].
186: ...es. Curium-242 ([[half-life]] 163 days) and one [[free neutron]] were made by bombarding [[alpha parti...
189: ...The isotopes of curium range in [[atomic weight]] from 233.051 [[atomic mass unit|amu]] (Cm-233) to 2... - Francium (5138 bytes)
4: | colspan="2" align="center" | '''francium''' - [[radium]]
6: ...owspan="3" valign="center" | [[Caesium|Cs]]<br>'''Fr'''<br>
8: | align="center" | [[Image:Fr-TableImage-BIG.png|250px|]]<br><div align="right"...
14: | Francium, Fr, 87
108: | <sup>222</sup>Fr - Gadolinium (9860 bytes)
172: ...re, gadolinium's high magnetic movement and low [[Curie temperature]] (which lies just at room temperatur...
175: ...)_oxide|gadolinia]], the [[oxide]] of Gadolinium, from Mosander's [[yttria]] in [[1886]]. The element ...
183: Gadolinium is never found in nature as the free element, but is contained in many minerals such... - Polonium (10219 bytes)
100: ...m is used on brushes that remove accumulated dust from [[photographic film]]s. The polonium in these b...
104: ...ickly reaching a temperature above 750 K. A few [[curie]]s ([[Becquerel|gigabecquerels]])of polonium-210 ...
107: ... by [[Maria Sklodowska-Curie|Marie]] and [[Pierre Curie]] in [[1898]] and was later named after Marie's h...
109: ...he element. The electroscope showed it separating from bismuth.
117: ...pes of polonium with [[atomic mass]]es that range from 194 u to 218 u. Polonium-210 is the most widely... - Radon (12616 bytes)
127: ...a colorless gas but when it is cooled below its [[freezing point]] it has a brilliant phosphorescence ...
129: ...e water]]. Likewise, the saturated zone of a soil frequently has a higher radon content than the unsat...
132: ...actice is being phased-out as hospitals get seeds from suppliers who make them with the desired activi...
137: ...d for [[radium]]) was discovered in [[1900]] by [[Friedrich Ernst Dorn]], who called it radium emanati...
142: ...than 148 Bq/m<sup>3</sup> (given as 4 [[Curie|pCi]]/L). Nearly one in 15 homes in the U.S. has ... - Radium (13138 bytes)
4: <tr><td colspan="2" align="center">[[Francium]] - '''Radium''' - [[Actinium]]</td>
100: When freshly prepared, pure radium metal is brilliant whi...
103: Some of the practical uses of radium are derived from its radiative properties. More recently discove...
104: ... who used their lips to shape the paintbrush died from the radiation. Soon afterward, the adverse effe...
107: *One unit for radioactivity, the non-[[SI]] [[curie]], is based on the radioactivity of radium-226 (s... - Neutron (7687 bytes)
32: ...in this unstable form are known as [[Free neutron|free neutrons]]. The same decay method ([[beta deca...
34: ...ristic of neutrons which most differentiates them from other common [[subatomic particle]]s is the fac...
36: ...close indeed to an atomic nucleus. Consequently a free neutron goes on its way unchecked until it make...
38: ...pondingly slowed. Secondary projectiles resulting from these collisions may be detected, for they are ...
40: ...[radioactivity]]. Free neutron beams are obtained from [[neutron source|neutron sources]] by [[neutron... - Timeline of chemical element discovery (10490 bytes)
31: ...7]] - [[Cobalt]] discovered by [[Georg Brandt]]. From the [[German language|German]] word ''kobalt'' ...
33: ... [[Nickel]] isolated from [[niccolite]] by [[Axel Fredrik Cronstedt]].
34: ...[[1753]] - [[Bismuth]] discovered by [[Claude Geoffroy Junine]]
36: ... [[Hydrogen]] discovered by [[Henry Cavendish]]. From the [[Greek language|Greek]] words ''hud? (wate...
39: **[[Oxygen]] discovered by [[Joseph Priestley]]. From the [[Greek language|Greek]] words ''oxus'' (ac... - Magnet (13875 bytes)
4: ...s a [[magnetic field]]. The word ''magnet'' comes from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''"magnítis...
48: ...s are and all of the backs are. The person at the front of the face end has a back; and the person at ...
56: ...between magnets and the earth's magnetic field. A freely suspended magnet will eventually orient itsel...
70: *[[Refrigerator]] magnets
87: *Stroking - An existing magnetic is moved from one end of the item to the other repeatedly in ... - History of chemistry (8174 bytes)
2: ...id to begin with the distinction of [[chemistry]] from [[alchemy]] by [[Robert Boyle]] in his work ''T...
8: ...fore had an organic [[compound]] been synthesized from inorganic material. This opened a new research ...
23: ...the earth, after the exhaustion of the oil supply from [[whaling]] in the previous centuries. Systemat...
29: ...ysical properties. This experimental work of the Curies, which was done at the turn of the century and c...
31: ...ple [[amino acid]]s, could themselves be built up from simpler molecules in a [[simulation]] of primor... - Physics (25628 bytes)
2: ... contexts, ranging from the sub-nuclear particles from which all ordinary matter is made ([[particle p...
12: The culture of physics research differs from the other sciences in the separation of [[theor...
15: ...mulation of new theories. Likewise, ideas arising from theory often inspire new experiments. In the ab...
34: | [[Boltzmann's constant]], [[Entropy]], [[Free energy]], [[Heat]], [[Partition function (stati...
42: ...lence principle]], [[Four-momentum]], [[Reference frame]], [[Spacetime]], [[Speed of light]] - 1901 (12292 bytes)
19: * [[January 7]] - [[Alferd Pecker]] is released from prison after serving 18 years for [[Cannibalism...
38: ...]] after serving three years for [[embezzlement]] from the First National Bank in [[Austin, Texas]].
52: ...ember 10]] – [[Maria Sklodowska-Curie|Marie Curie]] receives doctorate. The first [[Nobel Prize]] c...
72: * [[January 16]] - [[Frank Zamboni]], American inventor (d. [[1988]])
74: * [[January 27]] - [[Willy Fritsch]], actor (d. [[1973]])
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