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- Nervous system (3163 bytes)
8: *[[Glia]] are secondary cells involved in nourishment and structural su...
12: *Between neurons by way of [[neurotransmitter]] [[diffusion]] across [[synapse]]s.
19: ... sympathetic nervous system responds to impending danger or stress, and is responsible for the increas... - Brain (22060 bytes)
5: ...ut the body by sending various chemicals called [[neurotransmitter]]s across gaps known as [[synapse]]s. Small inver...
14: ... brain, is another major cause of death and brain damage.
34: ...y-controlled biological "ratbot" that could go in dangerous places.
77: Regions identified in [[chordate]] brains include:
98: *****[[caudate nucleus]] - Eye (21834 bytes)
1: ... but detect whether the surroundings are light or dark. More complex eyes are used to provide the [[s...
15: ...lls. They can distinguish between light and dark (day and night), but no more. This enables snails to ...
24: ...tering the eye. Too much light being let in could damage the retina, too little light would be blindin...
31: ...e eye does not. The choroid gives the inner eye a dark colour, which prevents disruptive reflections w...
65: ...l acuity]] (a measure of detail). This is why the darker conditions become, the less colour objects se... - Retina (13061 bytes)
7: [[George Wald]], [[Haldan Keffer Hartline]] and [[Ragnar Granit]] won the ...
27: ... very poorly lit conditions and saturate in broad daylight, while cones are not sensitive enough to wo...
29: ...ty minutes to reach full sensitivity (see [[dark adaptation]]).
38: ...a of an eye to determine its health. Recently, [[adaptive optics]] have been used to image individual ...
44: ...ypertension]] and [[diabetes mellitus]] can cause damage to the tiny blood vessels that supply the ret... - Basal ganglia (4800 bytes)
4: ...[striatum]] is often split into [[putamen]], [[caudate nucleus]] and [[nucleus accumbens]], and the [[...
8: ...the brain (more [[Anatomical terms of location|caudal]]).
34: [[neurotransmitter]]s. The most widely used is the inhibitory
37: neurotransmitter of the pigmented [[substantia nigra]]
40: striatum with this neurotransmitter (shown as the magenta connection - Vesicle (biology) (1701 bytes)
9: ...d at presynaptic terminals in [[neurons]] store [[neurotransmitter]]s. - Amygdala (2653 bytes)
3: ...ala owing to damage, developmental problems, or [[neurotransmitter]] imbalance.
4: [[image:amyg.png|thumb|128px|Location of the amygdala in the human brain]]
5: The amygdala is actually several separately functioning [[nu...
7: ...LeDoux]]'s lab and others. In this regard the amygdala serves as a simple [[Ivan Pavlov|Pavlovian]] le...
9: If the amygdala is injected with a drug that blocks protein syn... - Black widow spider (5745 bytes)
6: {{Taxobox classis entry | taxon = [[Arachnida]]}}
8: {{Taxobox familia entry | taxon = [[Theridiidae]]}}
12: ...uthor = [[Johan Christian Fabricius|Fabricius]] | date = [[1775]]}}
20: ...enom acts by causing a localized release of the [[neurotransmitter]] [[acetylcholine]], which is involved in muscula...
22: ...e problems at the bite site itself, unless a secondary skin infection occurs. - Globus pallidus (1960 bytes)
1: ...ial medullary lamina]] divides it into two parts—the internal and external segments, which form ...
4: ... of the globus pallidus, where they release the [[neurotransmitter]] [[GABA]]. It receives GABAergic inputs from the... - Muscle (12774 bytes)
29: ...ooth muscle contractions are facilitated by the [[neurotransmitter]] [[acetylcholine]].
39: ..., feedback loops such as that of the [[extrapyramidal system]] contribute signals to influence muscle ...
79: ...e ability to exert a force on an external object—for example, lifting a weight. By this definiti...
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