Permanent resident (Canada)
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A permanent resident in Canada is someone who is not a Canadian citizen but has the legal right to enter or remain in Canada. A permanent resident must live in Canada for two years of every five years or risk losing their permanent resident status.
In 2002, the Department of Citizenship and Immigration started issuing something called the Maple Leaf Card to all of its permanent residents. The Maple Leaf Card is a new policy in response to 9/11 and the call for a more secure measure in and out of the North American continent. Also, starting in December 31, 2003, all permanent residents must be able to present his or her Maple Leaf Card upon re-entry, otherwise he or she will have to enter the country as a tourist and may need to apply for a visa.
See also: Citizenship and Immigration Canada