Penstemon

Penstemon
Missing image Penstemon_palmeri_closeup-400px.jpg Penstemon palmeri Balloon Flower (Penstemon palmeri)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Lamiales Family: Plantaginaceae Genus: Penstemon
Species
See text

Penstemon is a large genus of North American (and East Asian) plants traditionally placed in the Scrophulariaceae family. Due to new genetic research it has now been placed in the vastly expanded family Plantaginaceae.

with opposing leaves, two-lipped flowers and seed capsules. They are also called beardtongues, after the general appearance of an open mouth with a fuzzy tongue protruding.

Nowadays the one Asiatic species is considered a separate genus. This leaves Penstemon a mostly Nearctic genus, with a few Neotropical specimens. Penstemons are ideal for xeriscape landscaping, as many thrive in desert regions.

Common species

• Golden-beard Penstemon or Beardlip Penstemon, Penstemon barbatus
• Palmer's penstemon, Penstemon palmeri

All species

• Penstemon abietinus Pennell firleaf beardtongue
• Penstemon absarokensis Evert Absaroka Range beardtongue
• Penstemon acaulis L.O. Williams stemless beardtongue
• Penstemon acuminatus Dougl. ex Lindl. sharpleaf penstemon
• Penstemon alamosensis Pennell & Nisbet Los Alamos beardtongue
• Penstemon albertinus Greene Alberta beardtongue
• Penstemon albidus Nutt. white penstemon
• Penstemon albomarginalis M. E. Jones
• Penstemon albomarginatus M.E. Jones white margin penstemon, whitemargin beardtongue, whitemargin penstemon
• Penstemon alluviorum Pennell lowland beardtongue
• Penstemon ambiguus Torr. bush penstemon, gilia beardtongue, gilia penstemon
• Penstemon ammophilus N. Holmgren & L. Shultz sandloving penstemon
• Penstemon anguineus Eastw. Siskiyou beardtongue
• Penstemon angustifolius Nutt. ex Pursh broad-beard beardtongue, broadbeard beardtongue, narrowleaf penstemon
• Penstemon arenarius Greene Nevada sanddune beardtongue, sanddune penstemon

• Penstemon arenicola A. Nels. sand penstemon
• Penstemon aridus Rydb. stiffleaf penstemon
• Penstemon arkansanus Pennell Arkansas beardtongue
• Penstemon attenuatus Dougl. ex Lindl. sulphur penstemon
• Penstemon atwoodii Welsh Kaiparowits beardtongue
• Penstemon auriberbis Pennell Colorado beardtongue
• Penstemon australis Small Eustis Lake beardtongue
• Penstemon azureus Benth. azure penstemon
• Penstemon baccharifolius Hook. baccharisleaf beardtongue
• Penstemon barbatus (Cav.) Roth Golden-beard Penstemon, or Beardlip penstemon
• Penstemon barnebyi N. Holmgren Barneby's penstemon, White River Valley beardtongue
• Penstemon barrettiae Gray Barrett's beardtongue

• Penstemon bicolor (Brandeg.) Clokey & Keck pinto beardtongue, pinto penstemon
• Penstemon bracteatus Keck Red Canyon beardtongue
• Penstemon breviculus (Keck) Nisbet & R.C. Jackson shortstem beardtongue, shortstem penstemon
• Penstemon bryantiae Keck Bryant's beardtongue
• Penstemon buckleyi Pennell buckley penstemon, Buckley's beardtongue
• Penstemon caesius Gray San Bernardino beardtongue
• Penstemon caespitosus Nutt. ex Gray mat penstemon
• Penstemon calcareus Brandeg. limestone beardtongue
• Penstemon californicus (Munz & Johnston) Keck California penstemon
• Penstemon calycosus Small longsepal beardtongue
• Penstemon campanulatus (Cav.) Willd. bellflower beardtongue
• Penstemon canescens (Britt.) Britt. eastern gray beardtongue
• Penstemon cardinalis Woot. & Standl. cardinal beardtongue
• Penstemon cardwellii T.J. Howell Cardwell's beardtongue
• Penstemon carnosus Pennell fleshy beardtongue
• Penstemon caryi Pennell Cary's beardtongue
• Penstemon centranthifolius Benth. scarlet bugler
• Penstemon cinicola Keck ash penstemon
• Penstemon cleavelandii Gray
• Penstemon clevelandii Gray Cleveland's beardtongue

• Penstemon clutei A. Nels. Sunset Crater beardtongue, Sunset Crater penstemon
• Penstemon cobaea Nutt. cobaea beardtongue, Cobaea penstemon
• Penstemon comarrhenus Gray dusty beardtongue, dusty penstemon
• Penstemon compactus (Keck) Crosswhite compact penstemon
• Penstemon concinnus Keck Tunnel Springs beardtongue, Tunnel Springs penstemon
• Penstemon confertus Dougl. ex Lindl. yellow penstemon
• Penstemon confusus M.E. Jones Owens Valley beardtongue, Owens Valley penstemon
• Penstemon crandallii A. Nels. Crandall's beardtongue
• Penstemon X crideri A. Nels. (pro sp.) Crider penstemon, Crider's penstemon
• Penstemon cusickii Gray Cusick's beardtongue
• Penstemon cyananthus Hook. Wasatch beardtongue
• Penstemon cyaneus Pennell blue penstemon

• Penstemon cyanocaulis Payson bluestem beardtongue
• Penstemon cyathophorus Rydb. Northpark penstemon, sagebrush beardtongue
• Penstemon dasyphyllus Gray Cochise beardtongue, purple penstemon
• Penstemon davidsonii Greene Davidson's penstemon, timberline penstemon
• Penstemon deamii Pennell Deam's beardtongue
• Penstemon deaveri Crosswhite Mt. Graham beardtongue
• Penstemon debilis O'Kane & J. Anderson Parachute beardtongue
• Penstemon degeneri Crosswhite Degener's beardtongue
• Penstemon deustus Dougl. ex Lindl. scabland penstemon
• Penstemon digitalis Nutt. ex Sims talus slope penstemon
• Penstemon diphyllus Rydb. twoleaf beardtongue
• Penstemon discolor Keck Cataiina beardtongue
• Penstemon dissectus Ell. dissected beardtongue

• Penstemon distans N. Holmgren Mt. Tumbull beardtongue
• Penstemon dolius M.E. Jones ex Pennell Jone's penstemon, Jones' beardtongue
• Penstemon X dubius A. Davids. (pro sp.) dubius penstemon
• Penstemon eatonii Gray Eaton penstemon, Eaton's penstemon
• Penstemon elegantulus Pennell rockvine penstemon
• Penstemon ellipticus Coult. & Fisher rocky ledge penstemon
• Penstemon eriantherus Pursh fuzzytongue penstemon
• Penstemon euglaucus English glaucous beardtongue
• Penstemon fendleri Torr. & Gray fendler penstemon, Fendler's beardtongue, Fendler's penstemon
• Penstemon filiformis (Keck) Keck threadleaf beardtongue
• Penstemon flavescens Pennell high mountain penstemon
• Penstemon floribundus D. Danley Cordillia's beardtongue, Cordillia's penstemon

• Penstemon floridus Brandeg. Panamint beardtongue, Panamint penstemon
• Penstemon flowersii Neese & Welsh Flowers' beardtongue
• Penstemon franklinii Welsh Franklin's penstemon
• Penstemon fremontii Torr. & Gray ex Gray Fremont penstemon, Fremont's beardtongue
• Penstemon fruticiformis Coville Death Valley beardtongue, Death Valley penstemon
• Penstemon fruticosus (Pursh) Greene bush penstemon
• Penstemon gairdneri Hook. Gairdner's beardtongue
• Penstemon gibbensii Dorn Gibbens' beardtongue
• Penstemon glaber Pursh sawsepal penstemon, western smooth beardtongue
• Penstemon glandulosus Dougl. stickystem penstemon
• Penstemon glaucinus Pennell blueleaf beardtongue
• Penstemon globosus (Piper) Pennell & Keck globe penstemon
• Penstemon goodrichii N. Holmgren Lapoint beardtongue

• Penstemon gormanii Greene Gorman's beardtongue
• Penstemon gracilentus Gray slender penstemon
• Penstemon gracilis Nutt. lilac penstemon, slender penstemon
• Penstemon grahamii Keck Uinta Basin beardtongue
• Penstemon grandiflorus Nutt. large beardtongue, largeflowered penstemon
• Penstemon griffinii A. Nels. Griffin's beardtongue
• Penstemon grinnellii Eastw. Grinnell's beardtongue
• Penstemon guadalupensis Heller Guadalupe beardtongue
• Penstemon hallii Gray Hall's beardtongue
• Penstemon harbourii Gray Harbour's beardtongue
• Penstemon harringtoni Penl.
• Penstemon harringtonii Penl. Harrington's beardtongue
• Penstemon hartwegii Benth. Hartweg's beardtongue

• Penstemon harvardii Gray
• Penstemon havardii Gray Big Bend beardtongue
• Penstemon haydenii S. Wats. blowout beardtongue, blowout penstemon
• Penstemon heterodoxus Gray Sierra beardtongue, Sierra penstemon
• Penstemon heterophyllus Lindl. bunchleaf penstemon
• Penstemon hirsutus (L.) Willd. hairy beardtongue
• Penstemon humilis Nutt. ex Gray low beardtongue, low penstemon
• Penstemon idahoensis Atwood & Welsh Idaho beardtongue
• Penstemon immanifestus N. Holmgren Steptoe Valley beardtongue, Steptoe Valley penstemon
• Penstemon incertus Brandeg. Mojave beardtongue
• Penstemon inflatus Crosswhite inflated beardtongue

• Penstemon jamesii Benth. James penstemon, James' beardtongue
• Penstemon janishiae N. Holmgren Antelope Valley beardtongue, Janish's penstemon
• Penstemon jonesi Pennell
• Penstemon jonesii Pennell (pro sp.) Jones' penstemon
• Penstemon kingii S. Wats. King's beardtongue, King's penstemon
• Penstemon labrosus (Gray) Hook. f. San Gabriel beardtongue
• Penstemon laetus Gray mountain blue penstemon
• Penstemon laevigatus Ait. eastern smooth beardtongue
• Penstemon laevis Pennell southwestern beardtongue, southwestern penstemon
• Penstemon laricifolius Hook. & Arn. larchleaf beardtongue
• Penstemon laxiflorus Pennell nodding beardtongue
• Penstemon laxus A. Nels. tufted penstemon
• Penstemon leiophyllus Pennell smoothleaf beardtongue, smoothleaf penstemon

• Penstemon lemhiensis (Keck) Keck & Cronq. Lemhi penstemon
• Penstemon lentus Pennell handsome beardtongue, handsome penstemon
• Penstemon leonardii Rydb. Leonard's beardtongue, Leonard's penstemon
• Penstemon leptanthus Pennell Sevier Plateau beardtongue
• Penstemon linarioides Gray creeping penstemon, toadflax penstemon
• Penstemon longiflorus (Pennell) S.L. Clark longflower penstemon
• Penstemon lyallii (Gray) Gray Lyall's beardtongue
• Penstemon marcusii (Keck) N. Holmgren Marcus' beardtongue
• Penstemon mensarum Pennell tiger beardtongue
• Penstemon X mirus A. Nels. (pro sp.) bush penstemon, penstemon
• Penstemon miser Gray Malheur penstemon
• Penstemon moffatii Eastw. Moffatt's beardtongue
• Penstemon monoensis Heller Mono penstemon

• Penstemon montanus Greene cordroot beardtongue
• Penstemon moriahensis N. Holmgren Mount Moriah penstemon, Mt. Moriah beardtongue
• Penstemon multiflorus Chapman ex Benth. manyflower beardtongue
• Penstemon murcronatus N. Holmgr.
• Penstemon murrayanus Hook. scarlet beardtongue
• Penstemon nanus Keck dwarf beardtongue
• Penstemon navajoa N. Holmgren Navajo Mountain beardtongue
• Penstemon neomexicanus Woot. & Standl. New Mexico beardtongue
• Penstemon neotericus Keck Plumas County beardtongue
• Penstemon newberryi Gray mountain pride, pride-of-the-mountains
• Penstemon nitidus Dougl. ex Benth. waxleaf penstemon
• Penstemon nudiflorus Gray Flagstaff beardtongue

• Penstemon oklahomensis Pennell Oklahoma beardtongue, Oklahoma penstemon
• Penstemon oliganthus Woot. & Standl. Apache beardtongue
• Penstemon ophianthus Pennell Arizona beardtongue, coiled anther penstemon
• Penstemon osterhoutii Pennell Osterhout's beardtongue
• Penstemon ovatus Dougl. ex Hook. eggleaf beardtongue
• Penstemon pachyphyllus Gray ex Rydb. thickleaf beardtongue, thickleaf penstemon
• Penstemon pahutensis N. Holmgren Pahute penstemon, Paiute beardtongue
• Penstemon pallidus Small pale beardtongue
• Penstemon palmeri Gray Palmer's penstemon, Palmer penstemon
• Penstemon papillatus J.T. Howell Inyo beardtongue
• Penstemon X parishii Gray (pro sp.) Parish's penstemon
• Penstemon parryi (Gray) Gray Parry penstemon, Parry's beardtongue
• Penstemon parviflorus Pennell Montezuma County beardtongue
• Penstemon parvus Pennell Aquarius Plateau beardtongue
• Penstemon patens (M.E. Jones) N. Holmgren Lone Pine beardtongue, Lone Pine penstemon
• Penstemon payettensis A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Payette beardtongue
• Penstemon paysoniorum Keck Payson's beardtongue
• Penstemon peckii Pennell Peck's beardtongue
• Penstemon X peirsonii Munz & I.M. Johnston (pro sp.) Peirson's penstemon
• Penstemon penlandii W.A. Weber penland beardtongue, Penland's beardtongue
• Penstemon pennellianus Keck Blue Mountain beardtongue
• Penstemon perpulcher A. Nels. Minidoka beardtongue
• Penstemon personatus Keck closethroat beardtongue
• Penstemon petiolatus Brandeg. lime penstemon, petiolate beardtongue
• Penstemon pinifolius Greene pineneedle beardtongue, pineneedle penstemon
• Penstemon pinorum L.& J. Shultz Pine Valley penstemon
• Penstemon platyphyllus Rydb. broadleaf beardtongue, broadleaf penstemon
• Penstemon pratensis Greene western whiteflower beardtongue, western whiteflower penstemon
• Penstemon procerus Dougl. ex Graham littleflower penstemon, pincushion beardtongue
• Penstemon pruinosus Dougl. ex Lindl. Chilean beardtongue
• Penstemon pseudoparvus Crosswhite Mt. Washington beardtongue
• Penstemon pseudoputus (Crosswhite) N. Holmgren Kaibab Plateau beardtongue
• Penstemon pseudospectabilis M.E. Jones desert penstemon
• Penstemon pudicus Reveal & Beatley bashful penstemon, Kawich Range beardtongue
• Penstemon pumilus Nutt. Salmon River beardtongue
• Penstemon purpusii Brandeg. Snow Mountain beardtongue
• Penstemon putus A. Nels. Black River beardtongue
• Penstemon radicosus A. Nels. matroot penstemon
• Penstemon ramosus Crosswhite lanceleaf beardtongue, lanceleaf penstemon
• Penstemon rattanii Gray Rattan's beardtongue
• Penstemon retrorsus Payson ex Pennell Adobe Hills beardtongue
• Penstemon retrosus Payson Ex Pennell
• Penstemon rhizomatosus N. Holmgren
• Penstemon richardsonii Dougl. ex Lindl. cutleaf beardtongue
• Penstemon roezlii Regel Roezl's penstemon
• Penstemon rostriflorus Kellogg beaked beardtongue, beakflower penstemon, Bridge penstemon
• Penstemon rubicundus Keck Wassuck penstemon, Wassuk Range beardtongue
• Penstemon rupicola (Piper) T.J. Howell cliff beardtongue
• Penstemon rydbergii A. Nels. meadow beardtongue, Rydberg penstemon, Rydberg's penstemon
• Penstemon saxosorum Pennell upland beardtongue
• Penstemon scapoides Keck pinyon beardtongue
• Penstemon scariosus Pennell White River beardtongue
• Penstemon secundiflorus Benth. sidebells penstemon
• Penstemon seorsus (A. Nels.) Keck shortlobe penstemon
• Penstemon sepalulus A. Nels. littlecup beardtongue
• Penstemon serrulatus Menzies ex Sm. serrulate penstemon
• Penstemon smallii Heller Small's beardtongue
• Penstemon spatulatus Pennell Wallowa beardtongue
• Penstemon speciosus Dougl. ex Lindl. prairie-clover, royal penstemon
• Penstemon spectabilis Thurb. ex Gray showy penstemon
• Penstemon stenophyllus (Gray) T.J. Howell Sonoran beardtongue
• Penstemon stephensii Brandeg. Stephens' penstemon
• Penstemon strictiformis Rydb. Mancos penstemon, stiff penstemon
• Penstemon strictus Benth. Rocky Mountain beardtongue, Rocky Mountain penstemon
• Penstemon subglaber Rydb. smooth penstemon
• Penstemon subserratus Pennell finetooth beardtongue
• Penstemon subulatus M.E. Jones hackberry beardtongue
• Penstemon sudans M.E. Jones Susanville beardtongue, Susanville penstemon
• Penstemon superbus A. Nels. superb beardtongue
• Penstemon tenuiflorus Pennell eastern whiteflower beardtongue
• Penstemon tenuis Small sharpsepal beardtongue
• Penstemon teucrioides Greene germander beardtongue
• Penstemon thompsoniae (Gray) Rydb. Thompson's penstemon, Thompson's beardtongue, Thompson penstemon
• Penstemon thurberi Torr. Thurber's penstemon, Thurber penstemon
• Penstemon tidestromii Pennell Tidestrom's beardtongue
• Penstemon tiehmii N. Holmgren Tiehm's beardtongue
• Penstemon tracyi Keck Trinity penstemon
• Penstemon triflorus Heller Heller's beardtongue
• Penstemon triphyllus Dougl. ex Lindl. Riggin's penstemon
• Penstemon tubiflorus Nutt. white wand beardtongue
• Penstemon tusharensis N. Holmgren Tushar Range beardtongue
• Penstemon uintahensis Pennell Uinta Mountain beardtongue
• Penstemon unilateralis Rydb. oneside penstemon
• Penstemon utahensis Eastw. Utah penstemon
• Penstemon venustus Dougl. ex Lindl. Venus penstemon
• Penstemon virens Pennell ex Rydb. Front Range beardtongue
• Penstemon virgatus Gray upright blue beardtongue
• Penstemon wardii Gray Ward's beardtongue
• Penstemon washingtonensis Keck Washington beardtongue
• Penstemon watsonii Gray Watson's penstemon, Watson's beardtongue, Watson penstemon
• Penstemon whippleanus Gray dark beardtongue, Whipple's penstemon
• Penstemon wilcoxii Rydb. Wilcox's penstemon
• Penstemon wrightii Hook. Wright's beardtongue
• Penstemon yampaensis Penl. Yampa beardtongue

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