Nonoxynol-9
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Nonoxynol-9 is a chemical that is widely used in contraceptives for its spermicidal properties.
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Uses
Spermicide
As a spermicide, it attacks the acrosomal membranes of a sperm. The breakdown of this membrane immobilizes the sperm. As a spermicide, it is sold in cream, jelly, foam, gel, film, and suppository forms in differing strengths.
Condoms
Some condoms are lubricated with solutions containing nonoxynol-9.
Diaphragms
Almost all brands of diaphragm jelly contain nonoxynol-9 as the active ingredient.
Side effects
In laboratory tests, nonoxynol is thought to triple the risk of HIV infection in women. It is also suspected of breaking down the cellular structure of the vaginal walls and thereby allowing viruses such as HIV to enter the body more easily.
Nonoxynol-9 may increase a person's risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections STI, including HIV, if used frequently. This is because the chemical causes tiny abrasions inside the sensitive vaginal and anal walls. These abrasions make transmission more likely.
Nonoxynol-9 (or condoms containing the spermicide) should never be used for prevention of HIV or STIs or for contraception between non-monogamous partners because of the increased risk of infection by HIV or sexually transmitted infections.
Frequent use of nonoxynol-9 is also linked to higher risk of urinary infections. Some people even report allergic reactions.
It possible to test it oneself on the lymph nodes on the upper thigh by the groin to see if one is hyper sensitive (if so skin is usually red and burning).
Alternatives
Chemically speaking, there are two alternatives to nonoxynol-9 spermicide:
- oxtoxynol-9: In the United States, only oxtoxynol-9 is available. It is in cream or jelly only and is hard to find.
- benzalkonium chloride: Benzalkonium chloride spermicide is only available in Canada and Europe (Hungary) and limited to suppository form.
For use with a diaphragm a jelly containing lactic-acid may work as a substitute. Lactic-acid is known to immobilize sperm, also. But in contrast with nonoxynol-9, this immobilization seems to be reversible and is for that reason less reliable.
External links
- Vaginal Spermicide: Nonoxynol (http://www.fpnotebook.com/GYN16.htm) (Family Practice Notebook.com)
- Femprotect (http://www.femprotect.com) (alternative to nonoxynol-9)de:nonoxynol 9