Morpheus (god)
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Morpheus ("he who forms, shapes, molds", from the Greek morphe) is the principal Greek god of dreams and sleep.
Morpheus has the ability to take any human's form and appear in dreams. His father is Hypnos the god of sleep. Pasithea is his mother, and Thanatos, the personification of death, is his uncle. The sons of Hypnos — the Oneiroi — are rulers of dreams, and also include Icelus, Phobetor, and Phantasos.
Morpheus is spoken of in the Metamorphoses of Ovid. He sleeps on an ebony bed in a dimly-lit cave, surrounded by poppy flowers. Ovid suggests that Morpheus has a special talent for mimicking human form in dreams. According to Ovid, Morpheus concentrated on the human elements of dreams, his brothers Phobetor and Phantasos being responsible for animals and inanimate objects respectively.
Morpheus sends images of humans in dreams or visions, and is responsible for shaping dreams, or giving shape to the beings which inhabit dreams. Icelus assisted with those aspects of dreams that reflected reality. Phobetor made fearsome dreams (hence "phobia"). Phantasus produced tricky and unreal dreams (hence "fantasy", "phantasmagoria", etc). Together these sons of Sleep rule the realm of dreams. Morpheus also had special responsiblity for the dreams of kings and heroes. For these reasons Morpheus is often referred to as "Morpheus the Greek god of dreams" in superiority to his brothers.
Morpheus is also called the Sandman.
The drug morphine (once "morphium") derives its name from Morpheus based on its similar dream-inducing power.
References
- Mythography - Morpheus (http://www.loggia.com/myth/morpheus.html)
- GodChecker.com - Morpheus (http://www.godchecker.com/pantheon/greek-mythology.php?deity=MORPHEUS)
- Pantheon.com - Morpheus (http://www.pantheon.org/articles/m/morpheus.html)
- Dreams in Greek Mythology (http://www.here-be-dreams.com/lore/greek.html)bg:Морфей
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