List of bones of the human skeleton
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A typical adult human skeleton consists of the following 206 bones. (Numbers in bold refer to the diagram at right.)
In the skull (22):
- Cranial bones:
- 1. frontal bone
- 2. parietal bone (2)
- 3. temporal bone (2)
- 4. occipital bone
- sphenoid bone
- ethmoid bone
- Facial bones:
- 5. zygomatic bone (2)
- 6. superior and 7. inferior maxilla
- 9. nasal bone (2)
- mandible
- palatine bone (2)
- lacrimal bone (2)
- vomer bone
- inferior nasal conchae (2)
In the middle ears (6):
In the throat (1):
In the shoulder girdle (4):
In the thorax (25):
In the vertebral column (24):
- 8. cervical vertebrae (7) incl. atlas & axis
- 14. lumbar vertebrae (5)
- 28. thoracic vertebrae (12)
In the arms (6):
In the hands (54):
- Wrist (carpal) bones:
- scaphoid bone (2)
- navicular bone (2)
- lunate bone (2)
- triquetral bone (2)
- pisiform bone (2)
- Trapezium (bone) (2)
- trapezoid bone (2)
- capitate bone (2)
- hamate bone (2)
- Palm or metacarpal bones:
- metacarpal bones (5 × 2)
- Finger bones or phalanges:
- proximal phalanges (5 × 2)
- intermediate phalanges (4 × 2)
- distal phalanges (5 × 2)
In the pelvis (4):
- 15. ossa coxae (hip bones or innominate bones) (2)
- 16. sacrum
- coccyx
In the legs (8):
- 17. head and 18. shaft of femur (2)
- 22. greater trochanter of femur
- 23. condyles of femur
- 19. patella (2)
- 20. shaft and 24. tuberosity of tibia (2)
- 21. fibula (2)
In the feet (52):
- Ankle (tarsal) bones:
- calcaneus (heel bone) (2)
- talus (2)
- navicular bone (2)
- medial cuneiform bone (2)
- intermediate cuneiform bone (2)
- lateral cuneiform bone (2)
- cuboid bone (2)
- Instep bones:
- metatarsal bone (5 × 2)
- Toe bones:
- proximal phalanges (5 × 2)
- intermediate phalanges (4 × 2)
- distal phalanges (5 × 2)
The infant skeleton has the following bones in addition to those above:
- sacral vertebrae (4 or 5), which fuse in adults to form the sacrum
- coccygeal vertebrae (3 to 5), which fuse in adults to form the coccyx
- ilium, ischium and pubis, which fuse in adults to form the pelvic girdle