Prime Minister of Iraq
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The Prime Minister of Iraq is Iraq's head of government. Prime Minister was originally an appointed office, subsidiary to the head of state, and the nominal leader of the Iraqi parliament. Under the newly adopted constitution the Prime Minister is to be the country's active executive authority. Ibrahim al-Jaafari was appointed Prime Minister under the Iraqi Transitional Government on April 7, 2005.
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Royal Prime Ministers of Irak
From 1920 to 1958 the Prime Minister was appointed by the King of Iraq, and usually held office for a single year before being replaced.
The Council of Ministers will undertake the conduct of affairs of State. It shall assemble under the chairmanship of the Prime Minister, in order to decide what steps shall be taken with regard to affairs concerning more than one Ministry; and in order to deal with important matters in which the various Ministries are concerned. The Prime Minister shall submit the recommendations of the council to the King for the purpose of obtaining his orders.
- 1920–1922 Abd ar-Rahman al-Haydari al-Kaylani
- 1922–1923 Abd al-Muhsin as-Sa'dun (1st time)
- 1923–1924 Jafar al-Askari (1st time)
- 1924–1925 Yasin al-Hashimi (1st time)
- 1925–1926 Abd al-Muhsin as-Sa'dun (2nd time)
- 1926–1928 Jafar al-Askari (2nd time)
- 1928–1929 Abd al-Muhsin as-Sa'dun (3rd time)
- 1929–1929 Tawfiq al-Suwaidi (1st time)
- 1929–1929 Abd al-Muhsin as-Sa'dun (4th time)
- 1929–1930 Tawfiq al-Suwaidi (2nd time)
- 1930–1932 Nuri as-Said (1st time)
- 1932–1933 Naji Shawkat
- 1933–1933 Rashid Ali al-Kaylani (1st time)
- 1933–1934 Jamil al-Midfai (1st time)
- 1934–1935 Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi (1st time)
- 1935–1935 Jamil al-Midfai (2nd time)
- 1935–1936 Yasin al-Hashimi (2nd time)
- 1936–1937 Hikmat Sulayman
- 1937–1938 Jamil al-Midfai (3rd time)
- 1938–1940 Nuri as-Said (2nd time)
- 1940–1941 Rashid Ali al-Kaylani (2nd time)
- 1941–1941 Taha al-Hashimi
- 1941–1941 Rashid Ali al-Kaylani (3rd time)
- 1941–1941 Jamil al-Midfai (4th time)
- 1941–1944 Nuri as-Said (3rd time)
- 1944–1946 Hamdi al-Bajaji
- 1946–1946 Tawfiq al-Suwaidi (3rd time)
- 1946–1946 Arshad al-Umari (1st time)
- 1946–1947 Nuri as-Said (4th time)
- 1947–1948 Sayyid Salih Jabr
- 1948–1948 Sayyid Muhammad as-Sadr
- 1948–1949 Muzahim al-Bajaji
- 1949–1949 Nuri as-Said (5th time)
- 1949–1950 Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi (2nd time)
- 1950–1950 Tawfiq al-Suwaidi (4th time)
- 1950–1952 Nuri as-Said (6th time)
- 1952–1952 Mustafa Mahmud al-Umari
- 1952–1953 Nureddin Mahmud
- 1953–1953 Jamil al-Midfai (5th time)
- 1953–1954 Muhammad Fadhel al-Jamali
- 1954–1954 Arshad al-Umari (2nd time)
- 1954–1957 Nuri as-Said (7th time)
- 1957–1957 Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi (3rd time)
- 1957–1958 Abd al-Wahhab Marjan
- 1958 Nuri as-Said (8th time)
Republican Prime Ministers
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After the republican revolution of 1958, the PM became appointed by the President of Iraq and served much longer terms, although in many circumstances the President held both the PM's office and Presidency simultaneously.
- 1958 Ahmed Mukhtar Baban
- 1958–1963 Abdul Karim Kassem
- 1963 Ahmad Hassan al-Bakr
- (1963–1965) Tahir Yahya
- 1965 Arif' Abd ar-Razzaq
- 1965–1966 Abd ar-Rahman al-Bazzaz
- 1966–1967 Naji Talib
- 1967 Abd ar-Rahman 'Arif (also President)
- 1967–1968 Tahir Yahya
- 1968 Abd ar-Razzaq an-Naif
- (1968–1979) Ahmad Hassan al-Bakr (also President)
- (1979–1991) Saddam Hussein (also President) 1st time
- (1991) Sa'dun Hammadi
- (1991–1993) Muhammad Hamzah az-Zubaydi
- (1993–1994) Ahmad Hussein Khudayir as-Samarrai
- (1994–2003) Saddam Hussein (also President) 2nd time
State Prime Ministers of Iraq ( June 2004 – )
The Iraqi Interim Government was created by the United States and its coalition allies as a caretaker government to tule Iraq until the Iraqi Transitional Government was organized following the Iraqi National Assembly election. The position of Prime Minister was selected to be the Head of the Government
Under the Iraqi Transitional Government, the Members of the Iraqi National Assembly choose the Presidency Council; including the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers.
The Presidency Council then shall name a Prime Minister unanimously. According to this, the Presidency Council must agree on a candidate for the post within two weeks. In the event that it fails to do so, the responsibility of naming the Prime Minister reverts to the National Assembly. In that event, the National Assembly must confirm the nomination by a two-thirds majority. If the Prime Minister is unable to nominate his Council of Ministers within one month, the Presidency Council shall name another Prime Minister.
The Prime Minister cannot be appointed to any other position in or out of government. Because of this, no member of the Armed Forces, National Assembly, Minister, or member of the Presidency Council can be elected to this position unless the individual has resigned his commission or rank, or retired from duty at least eighteen months prior to serving.
| No. | Name | Took Office | Left Office | Political Party |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| * | Vacant ¹ | April 2003 | June 28, 2004 | None |
| ** | Iyad Allawi ² | June 28, 2004 | April 7 2005 | Iraqi National Accord |
| *** | Ibrahim al-Jaafari ³ | April 7, 2005 | In Office | Islamic Dawa Party |
- ¹ Position disolved due to the Invasion of Iraq in 2003. Coalition Provisional Authority in charge, with the Iraqi Governing Council.
- ² Held the position of Interim Prime Minister before the Iraqui National Election of 2005
- ³ Prime Minister under the Iraqi Transitional Authority.