Alphonse de Lamartine
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Alphonse Marie Louise Prat de Lamartine (October 21, 1790 - February 28, 1869) was a French writer, poet and politician.
Born in Mâcon into French provincial nobility, he travelled during his youth, and in 1820 he married an Englishwoman, Maria Birch.
He is famous for his partly autobiographical poem, "Le Lac" ("The Lake"), which describes in retrospect the fervent love shared by a couple from the point of view of the bereaved man. Lamartine was masterly in his use of French poetic forms. He was one of very few French literary figures to combine his writing with a political career. Raised within Orthodox Christianity, Lamartine became a pantheist, writing Jocelyn and La Chute d'un ange. He wrote Histoire des Girondins in 1847 in praise of the Girondists.
He worked for the French embassy in Italy from 1825 to 1828. In 1829, he was elected a member of the Académie française. He was elected a 'député' in 1833, and was briefly in charge of government during the turbulence of 1848. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs from February 24, 1848 to May 11, 1848.
During his term as a politician in the Second Republic of France, he led efforts the eventually led to the abolition of slavery, the death penalty, as well as the enshrinement of the right to work and the shortlived national workshop programs. A political idealist who supported democracy and pacifism, his moderate stance on most issues caused his followers to desert him. He was an unsuccessful candidate to the presidential election of December 10, 1848. He subsequently retired from politics and dedicated himself to literature.
He ended his life in poverty, something of a literary hack. He died in Paris.
He is considered to be the first French romantic poet, and was acknowledged by Verlaine and the Symbolists as an important influence.
Bibliography
- Saül (1818)
- Méditations poétiques (1820)
- Nouvelles Méditations (1823)
- Harmonies poétiques et religieuses (1830)
- Sur la politique rationnelle (1831)
- Voyage en Orient (1835)
- Jocelyn (1836)
- La chute d'un ange (1838)
- Recueillements poétiques (1839)
- Histoire des Girondins (1847)
- Raphaël (1849)
- Confidences (1849)
- Geneviève, histoire d'une servante (1851)
- Graziella (1852)
- Les visions (1853)
- Cours familier de littérature (1856)
- La Vigne et la Maison (1857)
- L'Histoire de la révolution de 1848 (1849)
- Le tailleur de pierre de Saint-Point (1851)
| Preceded by: Jacques-Charles DUPONT DE L'EURE (chairman of the Provisional Government of the French Republic) | Head of State of France (member of the Executive Commission along with:) François ARAGO Louis-Antoine GARNIER-PAGÈS Alexandre LEDRU-ROLLIN Pierre MARIE (de Saint-Georges) (May 6 - June 28, 1848) | Followed by: Louis-Eugène CAVAIGNAC (President of the Council of Ministers) |
| Preceded by: Pierre Daru | Seat 7 Académie française | Succeeded by: Émile Ollivier |
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