Junkers
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For the Prussian/German landowning classes, see "junker".
The name Junkers (IPA: /ˈjunkeɺs/) is well known in connection with aircraft, which were produced under this name for the Luftwaffe during World War II. In particular the Ju 87 Stuka and Ju 52 Tante Ju were common symbols of the Nazi war machine. By this time, however, the Nazi government had already seized control of the business, and Hugo Junkers himself was dead.
Junkers also ran an engine factory, and in 1923 they separated it out to form its own company, Junkers Motoren, or Jumo. This company expanded greatly in the 1920s and 30s, with factories spread across Germany. They were the first German company to offer a truly modern engine in the form of the 650hp Jumo 210, but after a few short years this was considered to be much too small and they responded with the much larger Jumo 211. Perhaps unsurprisingly the 211 saw widespread use in their own bombers, but was little used otherwise, mostly due to the better power output of the competing Daimler-Benz DB 601. Further development of the 211 led to the superb Jumo 213, which was in high demand for practically every late-war piston-engined aircraft. Their Jumo 004 jet engine was the first to be considered production quality and used in the Me 262 jet fighter.
Junkers aircraft included:
- Junkers J1, 1915
- Junkers J2, 1916
- Junkers F13, 1919
- Junkers G24
- Junkers Ju W33, single-engined light transport, 1926
- Junkers Ju W34, single-engine light transport+reconnaissance (development of W33), 1933
- Junkers Ju 52 Tante Ju (Auntie Ju), transport + bomber
- Junkers Ef 61, high-altitude fighter + reconnaissance (prototype)
- Junkers Ju 86, bomber + reconnaissance
- Junkers Ju 87 Stuka, dive-bomber
- Junkers Ju 88, bomber + reconnaissance + night-fighter
- Junkers Ju 89, heavy bomber (prototype)
- Junkers Ju 90, civil aircraft, transport
- Junkers Ju 188, Rächer (Raecher), bomber
- Junkers Ju 248, re-designation of Me 263
- Junkers Ju 252, transport
- Junkers Ju 287, heavy bomber (jet-engined) (prototype)
- Junkers Ju 288, bomber (prototype)
- Junkers Ju 290, transport, patrol
- Junkers Ju 322 Mammut, transport glider (prototype), 1941)
- Junkers Ju 352 Herkules (Hercules), transport
- Junkers Ju 388 Störtebeker, reconnaissance + night-fighter
- Junkers Ju 390, long-range bomber (prototype)
- Junkers Ju 488, heavy bomber design
- Junkers EF 132, heavy bomber
Jumo engines included:
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External links
- www.junkers.de - Official Junkers Page (http://www.junkers.de)
- www.junkers.de.vude:Junkers & Co.
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