Jacaranda

Jacarandas

Flowering Jacaranda
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
Division:Magnoliophyta
Class:Magnoliopsida
Order:Lamiales
Family:Bignoniaceae
Genus:Jacaranda
Species

about 50, including:
Jacaranda acutifolia
Jacaranda arborea
Jacaranda caerulea
Jacaranda caroba
Jacaranda caucana
Jacaranda copaia
Jacaranda glabra
Jacaranda mimosifolia
Jacaranda obtusifolia
Jacaranda praetermissa
Jacaranda sparrei

Jacaranda is a neotropical genus in the family Bignoniaceae. Its members range in size from subshrubs to large trees.

As is often the case with plants, the genus name is also used as the common name for cultivated varieties. The most often seen is the Blue Jacaranda Jacaranda mimosifolia (syn. J. acutifolia). This is widely grown for its ornamental value. Other members of the genus are also commercially important; for example the Copaia (Jacaranda copaia) is important for its timber because of its exceptionally long bole.

Missing image
Jacarandatree.jpg
Jacaranda Tree in flower

Members of the genus Jacaranda differ from other Bignoninaceae by having a staminode that is longer than the stamens, 3-colpate pollen, and a chromosome number of 18. The flowers of most species are blue or blue-purple to magenta, though a few have white flowers.

The genus is divided into two sections, Monolobos and Dilobos, based on the number of theca on the anthers. Section Monolobos has 18 species and is found primarily in the Caribbean, Central America, and western South America; the Blue Jacarandas are included in this section. Dilobos, which is believed to be the primitive form, has 31 species and is found primarily in sub-Amazonian Brazil and the adjacent Parank Valley. The anatomy of the wood in the two sections also differs. Although usually treated in Monolobos, Jacaranda copaia seems to be different from all other members of the genus, and to be intermediate between the two sections.

Symbolism

People in Australia sing a Christmas song about Jacaranda trees, as the purple blooms are only seen in summer time - as the song explains, "When the bloom of the jacaranda tree is here, Christmas time is near".

Reference

  • Dos Santos, G., & Miller, R. B. (1997). Wood anatomy of Jacaranda (Bignoniaceae): Systematic relationships in sections Monolobos and Dilobos as suggested by twig and stem rays. IAWA Journal, 18, 369-383. (public domain document, available online (http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/PDF1997/santo97a.pdf))wa:Djacaranda
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