Henri Hubert
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Henri Hubert (Paris June 23, 1872 - May 25, 1927), was an archaeologist and sociologist of comparative religions who is best known for his work on the Celts and his collaboration with Marcel Mauss and other members of the Annee Sociologique.
Hubert was born and raised in Paris, where he attended Lycée Louis-le-Grand. There he was influenced by the school chaplain, Abbé Quentin, who instilled in him an interest in religion and in particular in religion amongst Assyrians. He entered the École Normale Supérieure. He began to study the history of Christianity. He agregated in history in 1895 after studying the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Byzantine Empire, and iconoclasm. His doctoral thesis focused on pre-Christian religion in Asia Minor.
Unlike most French academics, Hubert focused on research rather than teaching after graduation. He took a position at the École Pratique des Hautes Études and in 1898 he also took up a position at the Musée des Antinquités. It was at this time that he grew increasingly interested in Celtic history and culture.
It was also in 1898 that Hubert became a close friend of Marcel Mauss and began collaborating on Durkheim's Annee Sociologique, where he eventually became responsible for the section on the 'sociology of religion'. Hubert and Mauss were to collaborate on several important works in the future, including an Essay on the Nature and Social Function of Sacrifice (1899) and their Outline of a General Theory of Magic (1904).
By 1906 Maus was thoroughly ensconced at the Ecole Pratique, where he would remain until his death. It was also this time that he took up a post at the Ecole du Louvre where he lectured on the ethnographic prehistory of Europe. Throughout the first two decades of the twentieth century Hubert continued to publish on both Asia and the Celts as well as more general topics. Works from this period include (in English translation) The Greatness of the Celts, The Rise of the Celts, and Essay on Time: A Brief Stufy of the Representation of Time in Religion and Magic. The latter two works are available today in English in a single volume entitled The History of the Celtic People.
Durkheim's death in 1917 affected Hubert greatly, as did the death of his wife in childbirth in 1924. After years of bereavement, Hubert died in 1927.