Geoffrey of Villehardouin
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Geoffrey of Villehardouin (in French Geoffroi de Villehardouin) (1160–c.1212) was a knight and historian who participated in and chronicled the Fourth Crusade.
He was Marshal of Champagne, and joined the Crusade in 1199 during a tournament held by Count Thibaud III of Champagne. Thibaud named him one of the ambassadors to Venice to procure ships for the voyage, and he helped to elect Boniface of Montferrat as the new leader of the Crusade when Thibaud died.
Although he does not say so specifically in his own account, he probably supported the diversion of the Crusade first to Zara and then to Constantinople. While at Constantinople he also served as an ambassador to Isaac II Angelus, and was in the embassy that demanded that Isaac appoint Alexius IV co-emperor.
After the conquest of the Byzantine Empire in 1204 he served as a military leader, and led the retreat from the Battle of Adrianople in 1205 after Baldwin I was captured.
In 1207 he began to write his chronicle of the Crusade, De la Conquête de Constantinople (On the Conquest of Constantinople). It was in French rather than Latin, making it one of the earliest works of French prose. Unfortunately, he leaves out information that may have portrayed the Crusaders negatively; for example, he does not mention why or when the Crusade was diverted. Villehardouin's account is generally read alongside that of Robert of Clari, a French knight of low station, and of Nicetas Choniates, a Byzantine writer.
Villehardouin's nephew (also named Geoffrey) went on to become Prince of Achaea in Morea (the medieval name for the Peloponnesus) in 1209. Villehardouin himself seems to have died shortly afterwards, perhaps in 1212.
Bibliography
- Chronicles of the Crusades (Villehardouin and Jean de Joinville), translated by Margaret R. B. Shaw (Penguin). ISBN 0140441247
- Colin Morris, "Geoffroy de Villehardouin and the Conquest of Constantinople", History 53 (February 1968): 24-34
External links
- Villehardouin's chronicle (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/villehardouin.html), translated by T. Marzial (1908), at the Internet Medieval Sourcebook websitede:Gottfried von Villehardouin