Fuyu
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Template:Chinesename koreanname Fuyu (Buyeo) was an ancient ethnic group and its kingdom in northern Manchuria.
Their manners and customs were mostly recorded in Sanguo Zhi (Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms). The Fuyu were agricultural people who occupied the vastest plain in Manchuria. They already maintained a complex social structure. They named official titled after animals. Their capital was once considered to be Nong'an, Jilin Province but it would be near Harbin. The Korean name Buyeo also refers to the surname of the Baekje Dynasty.
The origin of Fuyu is unknown but it seems to have already been known to China during the Warring States Period. Fuyu began to make frequent contacts with China via the Xuantu commandery during the Eastern Han Dynasty. Although it raided Chinese borderland in 111, Fuyu paid tribute to Eastern Han in 120 and in the next year dispatched Prince Weichoutai (尉仇台) to Xuantu to save it from Goguryeo's attack.
At the end of Eastern Han, Gongsun Du, a Chinese warlord in Liaodong, supported Fuyu to counter Xianbei in the north and Goguryeo in the east. After destroying the Gongsun family, the Kingdom of Wei sent Wuqiu Jian to attack Goguryeo. A squad of the third expeditionary force led by the Governor of the Xuantu commandery was welcomed by Fuyu. It brought detailed information of Fuyu to China.
Since then Fuyu had been torn between big powers until its final overthrow. In 285 the Murong tribe of the Xianbei, led by Murong Hui, invaded Fuyu, pushing King Yilü (依慮) to suicide. Considering its friendly relationship with Jin Dynasty, Emperor Wu revived Fuyu and installed King Yiluo (依羅). Goguryeo's attack sometime before 347 caused further decline. Lost its stronghold near Harbin, Fuyu moved southwestward to Nong'an. Around 347, Fuyu was conquered by Murong Huang of the Former Yan. King Xuan (玄) and his people were captured.
At the first downfall in 285, some people fled eastward to the land of Woju (沃沮) around modern-day Yanbian. It seems they who was called Eastern Fuyu by Goguryeo. They were invaded by King Gwanggaeto and may have been conquered by King Jangsu.
A part of Fuyu seems to have lingered around Harbin under the influence of Goguryeo. In fact Fuyu paid tribute to Northern Wei in 457. They were conquered by the rising Wuji (Mohe) in 494 and the royal family defected to Goguryeo.
Goguryeo and Baekje claimed that they were descendants of Fuyu. According to their legends, King Dongmyeong, the founder of Goguryeo, was a prince of Fuyu. Korean medieval history books say that Goguryeo was originally made of many chiefdoms, including Jolbon Buyeo(졸본부여, 卒本扶餘), the tribe of King Dongmyeongseong. Baekje officially changed its name to Nambuyeo (남부여, 南夫餘 "South Buyeo") in 538. It is well known the founder of Baekje, according to Samguk Sagi, King Onjo, the founder of Baekje, was a son of King Dongmyeong. Those titles suggest both Goguryeo and Baekje, two of the three kingdoms of ancient Korea, considered themselves as a branch or successor of Fuyu. So Korean historians consider Fuyu(Buyeo) as one of the ancestors of Korean.fr:Puyo ko:부여 zh:扶餘