Foreign relations of Romania

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Priorities

Since December 1989, Romania has actively pursued a policy of strengthening relations with the West in general, more specifically with the United States and the European Union.

It joined the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank in 1972, and is a member of the World Trade Organization.

It joined NATO in 2004.

It is set to become a member of the European Union on January 1st, 2007. The Adhesion Treaty between Romania, Bulgaria and the EU has been signed on April 25th, 2005.

The current administration has made public its intentions of strengthening ties with and helping other Eastern European countries (in particular Moldova, Ukraine and Georgia in the difficult process of euro-atlantic integration. Romania has made clear over the last 10 years that it believes in the "european vocation" (meaning NATO and EU membership) of the democratic former Soviet republics in Eastern Europe and the Caucasus.

Romania also declared its public support for Turkey and Croatia joining the European Union. Romania shares a priviledged economic relation with Turkey.

Romanian-Hungarian relations are at an all time high, with Hungary strongly supporting Romania's bid to join the EU and an ethnic hungarian party participating in the current governing coalition.

Military relations and peacekeeping missions

Romania was a helpful partner to the allied forces during the Gulf war, particularly during its service as president of the UN Security Council. Romania has been active in peacekeeping operations in UNAVEM in Angola, IFOR/SFOR in Bosnia, in Albania, in Afghanistan and has sent 860 troops in Iraq after the invasion led by the United States.

Romania diligently enforced United Nations' sanctions against the Yugoslavia. Despite divisions within the Parliament and among the people, Romania supported NATO in the Kosovo campaign and granted approval for NATO to overfly Romanian airspace. It was the first country to enroll in the NATO Partnership for Peace program and then joined NATO in 2004.

Romania also is a member of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and the North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC).

Regional relations

In 1996, Romania signed and ratified a basic bilateral treaty with Hungary that settled outstanding contentions and laid the foundation for closer, more cooperative relations. In June 1997, Romania signed a bilateral treaty with Ukraine that resolved some territorial and minority issues, among others.

Romania has been actively involved in regional organizations, such as the Southeast Europe Cooperation Initiative (SECI) and the Stability Pact for Southeast Europe, and has been a positive force in supporting stability and cooperation in the area.

Romania maintains good diplomatic relations with Israel and was supportive of the Middle East peace negotiations initiated after the Gulf conflict in 1991. Romania also is a founding member of the Black Sea Consortium for Economic Development.

Relations with Moldova

Romania's relations with neighbour Moldova have been strained since 1994. Most of Moldova was part of Romania during the interwar period and linguists generally agree that the Moldovan language is a dialect of Romanian (and by all accounts, not a very distinctive dialect). However, the Moldovans have been ambivalent about whether they consider themselves Romanians or Moldovans. Early signs that Romania and Moldova might unite after both countries achieved emancipation from communist rule quickly faded. Romania remains interested in Moldovan affairs, especially that country's civil conflict with the breakaway republic of Transnistria. However, the two countries have been unable even to reach agreement on a basic bilateral treaty; Romania is insistant (against determined Moldovan resistance) that such a treaty would have to refer to Romania and Moldova's 'special relationship'.

Disputes - international

Illicit drugs

Important transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan route and small amounts of Latin American cocaine bound for Western Europe.

See also

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