FIPS 10-4
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The name of FIPS 10-4 standard is: Countries, Dependencies, Areas of Special Sovereignty, and Their Principal Administrative Divisions.
The FIPS standard is also known as DAFIF 0413 ed 7 Amdt. No. 3 (Nov 2003) and as DIA 65-18 (Defense Intelligence Agency, 1994, "Geopolitical Data Elements and Related Features").
Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) two-letter country codes (FIPS 10-4) are used by the US Government for data processing, and in the CIA World Factbook. They are similiar but not the same as ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country codes.
FIPS 10-4 country codes
For the FIPS country codes see List of FIPS country codes. It contains a list of FIPS two-letter codes for independent states (including the Republic of China (Taiwan), North Korea, and other states not recognized by the US). There are also codes for dependent territories, but these are not listed here.
FIPS 10-4 subdivision codes
The standard also includes codes for the top-level subdivision of the countries, similar but usually incompatible with the ISO 3166-2 standard. see: List of FIPS region codes