BMW 3 Series
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| Missing image Bmw3er.jpg Five generations of BMW 3 Series sedans (left to right: E21, E30, E36, E46, and E90) | |
| BMW 3 Series | |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer: | BMW |
| Class: | Sedan |
| Production: | 1975–present |
| Body Styles: | 2-door coupe 2-door convertible 3-door hatchback 4-door sedan 5-door station wagon |
| Predecessor: | BMW 2002 |
| Layout: | FR AWD |
| Engines: | E46 1.9 L I4 (M43TU) E46 3.0 L I6 (M54) E46 3.3 L I6 (S54) |
| Length: | E46 4,471 mm |
| Width: | E46 1,739 mm |
| Height: | E46 1,415 mm |
| Unladen weight: | E46 330i 1,505 kg |
| Competitors: | Acura TL Audi 80 Audi A4 Cadillac Cimarron Cadillac CTS Infiniti G35 Toyota Altezza/Lexus IS Mercedes-Benz C-Class Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution Volvo S60 |
| This article is part of the automobile series. | |
The BMW 3 Series is a line of compact sedans manufactured by BMW since May of 1975. It is successor to the 2002 coupe, originally retaining much of that car's styling while adding a more powerful 2.0 L 110 hp (82 kW) engine and other performance enhancements. The 3 Series was for some time the smallest of cars manufactured by BMW, although that place has recently been taken by the BMW 1 Series.
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Social and marketing significance
From its sporting origins in 1975, the E30 generation, available in two- and four-door form, as well as a later in-house full convertible (replacing one developed by Baur of Germany), became a more formal range that was synonymous with the "yuppie" generation. Being an accessible prestige-badge car, the 3 Series' reputation grew at this time. By the early 21st century, the E46 3 Series, designed by American Chris Bangle, was the best-selling car of its size in the world, as commonplace in Asia and America as in Europe, while maintaining its prestige image. Consequently, BMW decided to leave well enough alone: while larger BMWs followed a more avant-garde Bangle style, the latest E90 is not a radical departure from the current model.
History
Like most of BMW's contemporary models, the 3 Series name has been applied to many different vehicles. The 1998 3 Series is marketed similarly to the 1999 3 Series, but the two share few mechanical components and are styled quite differently.
3 Series vehicles can be largely differentiated by the underlying platform:
- BMW E21 - (1975–1983) 3 Series
- BMW E30 - (1984–1991) 3 Series
- BMW E36 - (1992–1998) 3 Series
- BMW E46 - (1999–present) 3 Series
- BMW E90 - future 3 Series
E21
The E21 line was produced from May 2, 1975 (1977 in the USA) through 1983. Originally a replacement for the 2002 coupe, the first 3-Series was a 2-door only. The New Class sedans would be replaced by the 5 Series.
Models:
- Europe
- 1981-1983 315 - 1.6 L M41 I4, 75 hp (55 kW)
- 1975-1979 316 - 1.6 L M41 I4, 90 hp (66 kW)
- 1980-1983 316 - 1.8 L M10B18 I4, 90 hp (67 kW)
- 1975-1980 318 - 1.8 L M42 I4, 98 hp (72 kW)
- 1975-1977 320 - 2.0 L M64 I4, 109 hp (80 kW)
- 1977-1983 320i - 2.0 L M20B20 I4, 125 hp (92 kW)
- 1978-1983 323i - 2.3 L M20B23 I4, 143 hp (105 kW)
- Rest of World
This section is a stub. You can help by adding to it (https://academickids.com:443/encyclopedia/index.php?title=BMW_3_Series&action=edit).
E30
The E30 was sold from 1984 through 1991. The E30's introductory price of US$18,210 was nearly double that of the E21 just 7 years earlier, but the availability of a six cylinder engine and 4-door body style (in 1985) earned sales. The "eta" six in the 325e produced 121 hp (90 kW) but met the strict emissions of the time and was the most-powerful BMW offered in the United States since the 2002Tii.
The lineup was joined in 1987 by the high-output 325i and 325is. Though the engine displacement was reduced to 2.5 L, output was up to 168 hp (125 kW) as the company focused on performance rather than economy. An all wheel drive version, the 325ix, joined the lineup for 1988. The four-cylinder 318 was dropped in 1985 but brought back for 1991.
The most-powerful American BMW ever also came that year in the form of the M3. It used a 192 hp (143 kW) S14 straight-4 with a 4-valve head adapted from the M88 six and Bosch fuel injection.
Models:
- Europe
- 1983-1987 316 - 1.6 L M98 I4, 90 hp (66 kW)
- 1983-1990 316 1.8 - 1.8 L M10B18 I4, 90 hp (66 kW)
- 1987-1991 316i - 1.6 L M40B18 I4, 102 hp (75 kW)
- 1983-1987 318i - 1.8 L M10B18 I4, 105 hp (77 kW)
- 1987-1991 318i - 1.8 L M40B18 I4, 115 hp (85 kW)
- 1989-1991 318is - 1.8 L M42B18 I4, 140 hp (103 kW)
- 1983-1985 320i - 2.0 L M20B20 I6, 125 hp (92 kW)
- 1985-1991 320i - 2.0 L M20B20 I6, 129 hp (95 kW)
- 1988-1990 320is - 2.0 L S14 I4, 192 hp (141 kW)
- 1983-1986 323i - 2.3 L M20B23 I6, 150 hp (110 kW)
- 1983-1991 325i - 2.5 L M20B25 I6, 170 hp (125 kW)
- 1987-1991 325iX - 2.5 L M20B25 I6, 170 hp (125 kW)
- 1986-1988 M3 - 2.3 L S14 I4, 200 hp (147 kW)
- 1989-1991 M3 Evo - 2.3 L S14 I4, 215 hp (158 kW)
- 1985-1991 324d - 2.4 L M21 I6, 86 hp (63 kW)
- 1987-1991 324td - 2.4 L M21 I6, 115 hp (85 kW)
- Other markets
- 1984-1985 318i - 1.8 L M10B18 I4, 101 hp (75 kW) - North America
- 1991 318iS - 1.8 L M42B18 I4, 134 hp (100 kW) - North America
- 1984-1991 325e - 2.7 L M20B27 I6, 121 hp (90 kW) - North America
- 1986-1991 325es - 2.7 L M20B27 I6, 121 hp (90 kW) - North America
- 1987-1991 325i/is - 2.5 L M20B25 I6, 168 hp (125 kW) - North America
- 1988-1991 325ix - 2.5 L M20B25 I6, 168 hp (125 kW) - North America
- 1988-1991 M3 - 2.3 L S14 I4, 192 hp (143 kW) - North America
- 1983-1990 333i - 3.2 L M30 I6, 197 hp (145 kW) - South Africa
E36
The E36 was sold from 1991 through 1998 . It employed the "Z-axle" multilink suspension in the rear which had been proven in the Z1. DOHC engines were used across the range, with VANOS variable valve timing introduced in 1993.
The four-door E36 was sold from Fall, 1991, in the United States but the E30 coupes were retained until well into 1992. The E36 convertible was delayed until 1994. The hatchback 318ti Compact was introduced in 1995, but it wasn't very successful, as it shared some chassis components with the Z3 (and E30) instead of the E36; namely, the semi-trailing arm rear suspension configuration. The "Touring" station wagon was sold in Europe from 1995, but was not offered in the United States.
The 2.5 L M50B25 used in the 325 models was replaced in 1996 with the 2.8 L M52B28, creating the 328 line. Another 2.5 L engine, the M52B25, was reintroduced for 1998 but the cars were sold as 323 rather than 325.
The 4-door 3 Series models were replaced after 1998 in the US, while the 2-door models lasted through 1999.
Models:
- Europe
- 1990-1994 316i - 1.6 L M40B18 I4, 102 hp (76 kW)
- 1995-1999 316i - 1.6 L M43B16 I4, 102 hp (76 kW)
- 1991-1999 318i - 1.8 L M40B18 I4, 115 hp (86 kW)
- 1995-2000 318iS/ti - 1.9 L M44B19 I4, 140 hp (104 kW)
- 1991-1995 320 - 2.5 L M50B25 I6, 150 hp (112 kW)
- 1992-1997 M3 - 3.0 L S50B30 I6
- 1993-1997 323 - 2.4 L M50B24 I6
- 1994-1999 320 - 2.0 L M52B20 I6
- 1994-1999 324 - 2.4 L M52B24 I6
- 1995-2000 325 - 2.5 L M52B25 I6
- 1995-2000 328 - 2.8 L M52B28 I6
- 1995-2000 M3 - 3.0 L S52B30 I6
- US
E46
Current 3 Series models are based on the E46 chassis, which began to replace the E36 specification for 1999. In the USA, only the 4-door cars were updated that year, while the 2-door E36 Ci cars lasted one more year. Again, 2.8 L cars were called 328 while 2.5 L cars got the confusing 325 name in the US. The station wagon 323 touring appeared in 2000 as well. The new M54 engines appeared for 2001; with the new 3.0 L 330 replacing the 328, BMW renamed the 2.5 L car the 325.
Models:
- Non-US
- 1999-2002 320 - 2.0 L M52B20 T
- 2000-2001 322 - 2.2 L M52B22 T
- 1999-2001 325 - 2.5 L M52B25 T
- 1999-2001 328 - 2.8 L M52B28 T
- 2000-2003 322 - 2.2 L M54B22
- 2000-2003 325 - 2.5 L M54B25
- 2000-2003 330 - 3.0 L M54B30
- 2000-2003 M3 - 3.2 L S54B32
- 2001-2003 318 - 1.8 L N42B18, 116 hp (87 kW)
- 2001-2003 320 - 2.0 L N42B20, 143 hp (107 kW)
- US
2005 models [1] (http://www.bmw.com/generic/com/en/products/automobiles/showroom/3series/index.html) include:
- Sedan/Touring [2] (http://www.bmw.com/generic/com/en/products/automobiles/showroom/3series/sedan/index.html) [3] (http://www.bmw.com/generic/com/en/products/automobiles/showroom/3series/touring/index.html)
- 316i
- 318i
- 318d
- 320i
- 320d
- 325i
- 325xi
- 330i
- 330xi
- 330d
- 330xd
- Coupé/Convertible [4] (http://www.bmw.com/generic/com/en/products/automobiles/showroom/3series/coupe/index.html) [5] (http://www.bmw.com/generic/com/en/products/automobiles/showroom/3series/convertible/index.html)
- 318Ci
- 320Ci
- 320Cd
- 325Ci
- 330Ci
- 330Cd
- Compact [6] (http://www.bmw.com/generic/com/en/products/automobiles/showroom/3series/compact/index.html)
- 316ti
- 318ti
- 318td
- 320td
- 325ti
E90
- This section is a stub. You can help by adding to it (https://academickids.com:443/encyclopedia/index.php?title=BMW_3_Series&action=edit).
Awards
The 3 Series has been on Car and Driver magazine's annual Ten Best list 14 times, from 1992 through 2005, making it the second-most common entry on that list.
External links
- BMW Do It Yourself (http://www.bimmerdiy.com) provides BMW DIY articles for the home mechanic.
- Official BMW 3 Series (http://www.bmw.com/generic/com/en/products/automobiles/showroom/3series/sedan/index.html)
- BMW 3 Series (http://www.edmunds.com/reviews/generations/articles/66153/article.html) from Edmunds.com
- BMW 325i convertible (http://perso.wanadoo.fr/fred.brossaud/325icabeng/index.htm) is a PDF-based personal website containing detailed information about the E30 3 Series.