Aragon

Comunidad Autónoma de
Aragón
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Flag of Aragón
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Capital Zaragoza
Area
 – Total
 – % of Spain
Ranked 4th
 47 719 km²
 9,4%
Population
 – Total (2003)
 – % of Spain
 – Density
Ranked 11th
 1 217 514
 2,9%
 25,51/km²
Demonym
 – English
 – Spanish

 Aragonese
 aragonés
Statute of Autonomy August 16, 1982
ISO 3166-2 AR
Parliamentary
representation

 – Congress seats
 – Senate seats
 13
 2
President Marcelino Iglesias Ricou (PSOE)
Gobierno de Aragón (http://www.aragob.es)

This article is about the geographical region. For the poet, see Louis Aragon. For the Olympic medallist, see Aragon (horse).

Aragon (Spanish and Aragonese: Aragón; Catalan: Aragó) is an autonomous community of north-eastern Spain. It has an area of 47,719 km² with a population of 1,217,514 (2003).

Aragon is bounded on the north by France, on the east by Catalonia, on the south by Valencia, and on the west by Castile-La Mancha, Castile-Leon, La Rioja, and Navarre (Spanish: Navarra). It comprises the provinces of Zaragoza (English: Saragossa or Caesaraugusta), Huesca, and Teruel. It is traversed by the Ebro, mountainous in the north; with beautiful fertile valleys, rather barren, in the south.

Its capital is Zaragoza.

In addition to its three provinces, Aragon is subdivided into 33 comarcas (counties).

Contents

Language

In addition to Spanish, there is an original Aragonese language, still spoken in some valleys of the Pyrenees, which is different from the Aragonese dialect of Castilian Spanish language.

Catalan is spoken as well in some comarques (counties) adjacent to Catalonia, in particular: the Ribagorzan dialect in Ribagorza (capital Benabarre) and Litera (capital Binefar), and a dialect similar to that of Terra Alta in Matarraña (capital Valderrobres) and Bajo Cinca (capital Fraga).

History

Aragón was a Frankish feudal county (Jaca) before becoming a self-proclaimed kingdom, which was united to the kingdom of Pamplona (later Navarre) in 925. Split from the kingdom of Navarre, the kingdom of Aragón was re-established in 1035 and lasted until 1707. Aragón was also the name of the crown, because of the dynastic union of a Count of Barcelona (Ramon Berenguer IV) with a Queen of Aragón (Petronila of Aragon), their son inheriting all their respective territories. This Crown was effectively disbanded after the dynastic union with Castile (see below). The Kings of Aragón (called by some present-day historians "Catalan Kings of Aragón", "Catalan Kings", "Count-Kings", or "Counts of Barcelona and Kings of Aragón" so that the role played by Catalonia in the crown is not ignored inadvertently) ruled territories that consisted of not only the present administrative region of Aragón but also Catalonia, and later the Balearic Islands, Valencia, Sicily, Naples and Sardinia (see Aragonese Empire).

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Catalan-Aragonese Kingdom on the 8th century

The King of Aragón was the direct King of the Aragonese region, and held also the title of King of Valencia, King of Mallorca (for a time), Count of Barcelona, Lord of Montpellier, and, only temporally, Duke of Athens and Neopatria. Each of these titles gave him sovereignty over a certain region, and these titles changed as he lost and won territories.

The real centre of this kingdom was Barcelona, since it had a seaport and was near the geographical centre of the Crown of Aragon, while Valencia was the most important seaport for trade until approximately the 18th century. Present-day historians usually call the Crown the "Crown of Aragón", the "Catalan-Aragonese Confederation" or simply "Catalonia-Aragón", many times depending on whether that historian lives in Aragón or in Catalonia. The Kingdom of Aragón is called simply Kingdom of Aragón. Saying just "Aragón" is ambiguous and should be avoided. Barcelona was the center of what was in many ways a Mediterranean Empire, ruling the Mediterranean Sea and setting rules for the entire sea (for instance, in the Llibre del Consolat del Mar, in Catalan).

List of Chancellors

See list of Kings of Aragón.

See list of Lieutenants of the Kingdom of Aragón

The dynastic union of Castile and Aragon in 1479, when Ferdinand II of Aragon wed Isabella I of Castile, led to the formal creation of Spain as a single entity in 1516. See List of Spanish monarchs and Kings of Spain family tree.

See also

External links



Aragon is also the name of a commune in the Aude département, in France

 an:Aragón ast:Aragón an:Aragón ca:Aragó cs:Aragonie da:Aragonien de:Aragón et:Aragón es:Aragón eo:Aragono fi:Aragonia fr:Communauté autonome d'Aragon it:Aragona (Spagna) ka:არაგონი hu:Aragónia nl:Aragon ja:アラゴン州 pl:Aragonia pt:Aragão ro:Aragon sv:Aragonien

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