Ansted, West Virginia
|
|
Bridgerivervalley_500px.jpg
Ansted is a town located in Fayette County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is situated on high bluffs along U.S. Highway 60 on a portion of the Midland Trail a National Scenic Byway near Hawk's Nest overlooking the New River far below.
| Contents |
History
Native Americans, European settlers, Fayette County
The area of what is now southern West Virginia was long a hunting ground for nomadic tribes of Native-Americans before the arrival of Europeans in the 17th century. Around 1790, the area now known as Ansted was settled by a group of Baptists who did not hold legal title to the land. These people were known as "squatters," and built the Hopewell Baptist Church nearby. In 1792, a 400 acre (1.6 km²) tract of land in the area was patented to Charles Skaggs.
Fayette County was created in 1831. The first county court was held that same year at Miles Manser's general store which stood nearby along the James River and Kanawha Turnpike, an early roadway built to connect the canals on the James and Kanawha Rivers. The area was known at that time as Mountain Cove. At various times, it has been known as Woodville, New Haven, and Westlake also.
American Civil War
During the American Civil War, the area of Fayette County was a focus of both Union and Confederate efforts. The burning of Gauley Bridge was a spectacular event long-remembered in the community. During the winter of 1861-62, the Chicago Gray Dragoons of the Union Army were based at the Halfway House (Tyree Tavern) in what is now Ansted. At this time, Confederate General Robert E. Lee maintained headquarters on nearby Sewell Mountain. The Chicago Dragoons had a strong religious orientation and ties to the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) of Chicago. Many Union troops felt they were fighting the moral issue of slavery while although many citizens of Fayette County were more sympathetic to the "states rights" issues of the Confederacy. The area became part of the new State of West Virginia when it was formed in 1863 as part of the Union. Local lore speaks of romances between the local girls and the young soldiers from Illinois. Some of these young couples married and built homes and raised their families in the Mountain State at the end of hostilities.
Post-war: railroads, coal mining, Ansted laid out
After the Civil War, the United States renewed its westward expansion. Around 1872, the new Chesapeake & Ohio Railway was built along both sides of the narrow New River valley nearby creating a through route to the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. Hawk's Nest Station, just below Ansted, was the site of the final spike in this portion of the C&O on January 29, 1873.
David_T._Ansted_2.jpg
Also in 1873, the town of Ansted was created. It was named after a British scientist and geologist, Dr. David T. Ansted, who stalked out the nearby seams of high grade bituminous coal and once owned the land the town now occupies. The town was laid out by former Confederate Colonel George W. Imboden, a wealthy lawyer, who also is also credited for nudging the business community. His second wife, Angie, renamed their family home "Contentment" because she and her family spent many happy hours there. Contentment had been built about 1830 on the James River and Kanawha Turnpike in the west end of what is now Ansted. Imboden, who was also Ansted's first mayor, acquired the house in 1872.
Another of the town's more well-known residents was a protégé of Dr. Ansted, William Nelson Page, (1854-1932). A civil engineer, he was one of the energetic and successful men who helped develop West Virginia's rich bituminous coal fields in the late 19th and early 20th century. Page was co-founder and builder of the Virginian Railway. In 1898, on a knoll in the middle of town, Page had a palatial mansion built by Gauley Mountain Coal Company carpenters, where he and his wife Emma Gilham Page raised their four children. Like Colonel Imboden, William Page also served as a mayor of Ansted for 10 years. The nearby railroad town of Page was named for him.
Narrow gauge, branch of C&O serves Ansted
Ansted had railroad service from 1874 until 1972. In 1874, mine owners had a narrow-gauge railroad built from from Hawk's Nest Station up the ravine of Mill Creek. A saddleback locomotive was used. In 1899, the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O) purchased the narrow gauge railroad and contracted with Col. Page to do the work to upgrade the line to standard gauge, which was completed on August 20, 1890.
The (C&O) operated the new branch line, which was known as the Hawks Nest Subdivision from 1890 until 1972. It connected with the New River Subdivision main line at Hawks Nest Station and consisted of 3.44 miles of line to and beyond the town of Ansted. The line had one of the steepest grades of any C&O branch, a 4.17% grade. C & O did not desire to transport passengers on the line, but was ordered to do so by the State of West Virginia. Passenger service was finally operated on the branch line following a decision of the United States Supreme Court in Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Company v. Public Service Commission of State of West Virginia, 242 U.S. 603 (1917), and continued until sometime in the 1930s. The freight rail service on the branch line ended in 1972 and the tracks were removed.
Today, the Ansted-Hawks Nest Rail Trail follows the route from the Town of Ansted down the steep mountainside to the area of Hawks Nest Station in the New River Valley. The trail is 2.2 miles in length and terminates where the aerial tram from Hawks Nest Lodge departs their passengers.
Historical sites and attractions
Today, Angie and George Imboden's 1830 home, Contentment, still stands. The Contentment Historical Complex serves as headquarters for the Fayette County Historical Society. It features a historical museum and restored one-room schoolhouse, with historic furnishings and household items dating to mid-nineteenth century.
The mansion of William and Emma Page and their family on the hilltop in Ansted also still stands as evidence of the once-thriving coal business. Later occupied by the family of Dr. Gene Vawter, and still in use as a private residence, the Page-Vawter House is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Other historical landmarks include the Halfway House, the former Tyree's Tavern which was headquarters of the Chicago Gray Dragoons during the American Civil War, and the African American Heritage Family-Tree Museum, which helps African-Americans trace their roots.
The grave of Julia Neale Jackson, mother of Confederate General Thomas Stonewall Jackson, is located in Westlake Cemetery in Ansted. The marker was placed more than 35 years after her death by Captain Thomas R. Ranson, one of the soldiers of the Stonewall Brigade, an act considered symbolic of the affection of his troops for their fallen leader.
Ansted has the distinction of having Hawk's Nest State Park (http://www.hawksnestsp.com/) located within its borders. The park at Hawk's Nest features a small museum and gift shop, an aerial tram ride to the New River Gorge, and spectacular overlooks including the famous "Lover's Leap."
U.S. Highway 60 threads through the community as part of the Midland Trail, a National Scenic Byway.
Ansted hosts the Country Roads Festival each September and the Festival of Lights over the Christmas holiday season, a time when the Fayetteville theater produces an annual holiday play. Ansted also hosts annual PRO-AM Street Luge competition.
Geography
Ansted is located at 38°8'10" North, 81°6'7" West (38.136029, -81.101951)Template:GR. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 4.4 km² (1.7 mi²). 4.4 km² (1.7 mi²) of it is land and none of the area is covered with water.
Demographics
As of the censusTemplate:GR of 2000, there are 1,576 people, 631 households, and 436 families residing in the town. The population density is 362.2/km² (940.3/mi²). There are 708 housing units at an average density of 162.7/km² (422.4/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 96.13% White, 3.17% African American, 0.13% Native American, 0.00% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.00% from other races, and 0.57% from two or more races. 0.51% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There are 631 households out of which 31.2% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.4% are married couples living together, 14.7% have a female householder with no husband present, and 30.9% are non-families. 29.2% of all households are made up of individuals and 17.1% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.40 and the average family size is 2.95.
In the town the population is spread out with 23.1% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 23.7% from 25 to 44, 24.4% from 45 to 64, and 19.7% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 41 years. For every 100 females there are 85.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 80.9 males.
The median income for a household in the town is $25,028, and the median income for a family is $28,938. Males have a median income of $25,682 versus $17,500 for females. The per capita income for the town is $15,671. 23.0% of the population and 20.7% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 31.5% of those under the age of 18 and 14.4% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
External links
- Hawk's Nest State Park (http://www.hawksnestsp.com/)
- New River CVB Guide to Ansted, WV (http://www.newrivercvb.com/ansted/)
- Biographical item on William Jordan, an African-American photographer that includes the Gauley Mountain Coal Company startup timeframe (http://www.wvculture.org/goldenseal/jordan.html)
- Special Collection William Nelson Page Papers, Library of the University of North Carolina (http://www.lib.unc.edu/mss/inv/p/Page,William_Nelson.html)
- US Naval History Center William N. Page webpage (http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/w9/william_n_page.htm)
- Virginian Railway (VGN) Enthusiasts Group of preservationists, authors, photographers, historians, modelers, and railfans (http://finance.groups.yahoo.com/group/VirginianRailwayEnthusiasts/)
- West Virginia Coal Mines site (http://www.rootsweb.com/~wvcoal/begin.html)
- Mullens West Virginia Caboose Museum (http://www.virginiasampler.com/virginian-railway-mullens.htm) a community project with photos
- Winding Gulf MSN Group (http://groups.msn.com/WindingGulf)A group focused on one of the VGN's most productive coalfields, with information about many coal camps, family histories, maps, photos and links
- Chicago Dragoons (http://www.lib.niu.edu/ipo/ihwt9916.html)