All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
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Template:Politics of India All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) is a regional political party in Tamil Nadu state in India. The party is headed by J. Jayalalithaa, the present chief minister of the state.
The party was founded in 1972 by MG Ramachandran (popularly known as MGR), a veteran star of the Tamil film industry, and a popular politician, as a breakaway outfit from the DMK led by M Karunanidhi, the then chief minister, owing to differences between the two. The relations between the two parties have since been heavily tempered with mutual contempt.
The government led by DMK, was dismissed by a Central promulgation, after MGR filed a petition seeking enquiry into corruption charges. The party came to power in 1977 after trouncing DMK in the subsequent elections to the legislative assembly in the state and MGR became the Chief Minister. The tables were turned in 1980, when the government under MGR was dismissed, by the Congress government at the centre, which was an ally of DMK. However, AIADMK bounced back to power in the elections.
In 1984, even with MGR's failing health and subsequent hospitalization abroad, the party still managed to win the state elections. Many political historians consider MGR's persona and charisma at this point of time as "infallible", and a logical continuation of his on-screen "good lad" image, strengthened by a "mythical status" of a phoenix. MGR continued to enjoy popular support in his third tenure, which ended in his demise on December 24, 1987.
Subsequently, MGR's wife Janaki Ramachandran rose to the party's leadership and led the government as the state's first woman chief minister for the rest of its tenure till 1989. The party, in the absence of a personality of MGR's calibre, began to crumble with infighting and broke into two factions. J. Jayalalithaa, a former Tamil actress, led the second faction. The state elections in 1989, saw DMK rising back to power with Karunanidhi at the helm. The government was dismissed in 1990, when the government was accused of harbouring Tamil separatists operating in Sri Lanka.
In the elections of 1991, the faction led by Jayalalithaa, united with the main party, and was swept to power. Many political observers, have ascribed the landslide victory to the "sympathy-wave" arising out of the assassination of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi by suspected Tamil separatists. The ensuing government was accused of large-scale corruption, but Jayalalithaa managed to hold on to power for a full-term of five years. But, public anger aimed at her as a result of the various corruption charges, ensured that she lost by a landlside in the next election in 1996. DMK, in a see-saw battle, was at the rewarded end, and held power till 2001, which once again saw Jayalalithaa regaining the mantle.
External links
- Official Site of the AIADMK party (http://www.aiadmkindia.org)
- Year of political roller-coaster (http://www.chennaionline.com/cityfeature/political/aiadmk.asp) - An overview of the party's performance in 2001
- Information about AIADMK on Indian-Elections.com (http://www.indian-elections.com/partymanifestoes/aiadmk.html)
sv:All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam ta:அனைத்திந்திய அண்ணா திராவிட முன்னேற்றக் கழகம்