Aladdin
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- For the chief of the Assassins in the 13th century, also known by the name of the Old Man of the Mountain, see Hasan-i Sabbah
Aladdin_in_the_Magic_Garden_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_14221.jpg
Aladdin (a corruption of the Arabic name Alauddin/Ala-ed-din, Arabic: علاء الدين) is one of the tales from The Arabian Nights and one of the most famous in Western culture.
It concerns a young man named Aladdin living in China, who is recruited by a sorcerer to retrieve a wonderful oil lamp from a booby-trapped magic cave. After the sorcerer attempts to double-cross him, Aladdin keeps the lamp for himself, and discovers that it contains two evil genii that are bound to do the bidding of the person holding the lamp. With the aid of the genii, Aladdin becomes rich and powerful and marries a princess. The sorcerer returns, and is able to get his hands on the lamp (by tricking Aladdin's wife, who is unaware of the lamp's importance), but Aladdin wins out in the end.
The theme of the wily trickster of lowly birth who outfoxes the Trickster himself is a widespread motif in fables.
No medieval Arabic source has been traced for the tale, which was incorporated into The Book of One Thousand and One Nights by its French translator, Antoine Galland, who heard it from a Syrian Christian storyteller from Aleppo. Galland's diary (March 25, 1709) records that he met the Maronite scholar, by name Youhenna Diab ("Hanna"), who had been brought from Aleppo to Paris, France by Paul Lucas, a celebrated French traveller. Galland's diary also tells that his translation of "Aladdin" was made in the winter of 1709–10. It was included in his volumes ix and x of the Nights, published in 1710.
John Payne, Alaeddin and the Enchanted Lamp and Other Stories, (London 1901) gives details of Galland's encounter with the man he referred to as "Hanna" and the discovery in the Bibliotheque Nationale in Paris of two Arabic manuscripts containing Aladdin (with two more of the "interpolated" tales). One is a jumbled late 18th century Syrian version. The more interesting one, in a manuscript that belonged to the scholar M. Caussin de Perceval, is a copy of a manuscript made in Baghdad in 1703. It was purchased by the Bibliothèque Nationale at the end of the 19th century.
In the United Kingdom, the story of Aladdin is a popular subject for pantomimes. The traditional Aladdin pantomime (which is set in China, unlike many adaptations of the story) is the source of the well-known pantomime character Widow Twankey.
This tale has been adapted to film a number of times, including Aladdin and His Wonderful Lamp, the 1939 Popeye the Sailor cartoon, and Aladdin, the 1992 animated feature by Walt Disney Feature Animation. There is also a hotel and casino in Las Vegas named Aladdin.
External links
- The Thousand Nights and a Night in several classic translations (http://www.wollamshram.ca/1001/index.htm), with additional material, including Payne's introduction and quotes from Galland's diary.
- Template:Gutenberg