Academic Kids:Blocking policy
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Blocking is one of the technological means by which bans are enforced, and is also used to deal with vandalism, bots, and inappropriate usernames.
There are three types of blocks:
- User accounts,
- Anonymous IP addresses, and
- IP ranges.
Administrators have the technical ability to block any of these for any period of time, but such blocks should follow our blocking policy.
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When blocks may be used
Blocks are most frequently used to deal with vandalism and to enforce bans. There are several other less common situations where blocks are appropriate, which are listed below. Blocks should initially last 24 hours, except as noted below.
Vandalism
Sysops may, at their judgement, block IP addresses whose users vandalise Wikipedia. For dynamic IPs, such blocks should last 24 hours. For static IPs, such blocks should initially last 24 hours, but repeat violators may be blocked for a maximum of one month; there are various rules of thumb by which sysops decide how far to extend the blocks of habitual vandals, none of which is formal policy. In general, casual vandals should be warned twice before being blocked, though warnings are not usually given for deliberate vandalism intended to discredit Wikipedia or serve an activist agenda. See Dealing with vandalism for overall policy.
Logged-in users that do essentially nothing but vandalism may also be blocked for the same time periods. However, user accounts that perform a mixture of valid edits and vandalism should not be blocked in this manner.
Blocks should not be used against isolated incidents of vandalism.
Excessive reverts
Sysops may block users who violate the three revert rule by reverting any page more than three times within a period of 24 hours. In the cases where multiple parties violate the rule, sysops should treat all sides equally.
It is helpful to leave a notice of the block, with links to the differences that demonstrate the violation, on the user's talk page.
Sysops blocked under this provision must not unblock themselves.
Bans
Users that have been banned are typically blocked from editing Wikipedia. Such bans may occur as the result of:
- Community consensus that the user should be banned (for example, the quickpoll process briefly used in the first half of 2004)
- Ruling by the Arbitration Committee
- Ruling by Jimbo Wales
- Ruling by the Wikimedia Board of Trustees (which has yet to happen)
When it becomes clear that a user account is a "reincarnation" of an existing banned user, the reincarnating account can likewise be blocked. See Wikipedia:Sock puppet for discussion. Blocks of reincarnations almost always become controversial.
See banning policy.
Anonymous and open proxies
Administrators are permitted and encouraged to IP-block anonymous proxies indefinitely [1] (http://mail.wikipedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2004-February/010605.html). See the entire thread for discussions about the legitimacy of using an anonymous proxy to edit Wikipedia. Such blocks are routine and uncontroversial.
User:Proxy blocker was once used to automatically block open proxies, but was turned off as it "spooked" some people's ISPs.
The suggested block message is Template:BlockedProxy.
Disruption
Sysops may, at their judgement, block IP addresses that disrupt the normal functioning of Wikipedia. Such disruption is to be objectively defined by specific policies, and may include changing other users' signed comments or making deliberately misleading edits. Users should be warned that they are violating policy before they are blocked. For dynamic IPs, such blocks should last 24 hours. For static IPs and user names, such blocks should initially last 24 hours, but repeat violators may be blocked for a maximum of one month.
Sysops may also block new user accounts that make lots of disruptive edits, for any length of time or permanently, at their discretion. Sockpuppets that were created to violate Wikipedia policy should be blocked permanently. However, blocks should not be used against isolated incidents of disruption from IP addresses nor against user accounts that make a mixture of disruptive and useful edits.
Reincarnations of blocked disruptive users will be reblocked if they continue being disruptive, or if they edit in a way which suggests they are likely to continue being disruptive—such as "YOU CANT BLOCK ME!!11!!" or "JOIN ME IN MY FIGHT TO DESTROY WIKIPEDIA!1!!1!!"
Blocks under this provision are almost always controversial.
Usernames
According to our username policy, inflammatory, deliberately confusing, and other inappropriate usernames are not allowed, and in certain circumstances, sysops may block accounts with such usernames.
Sysops can force a namechange by blocking the username (with an expiry time of infinite). The blocking sysop should include Template:UsernameBlock in the block message (by writing {{UsernameBlock}} in the "reason" field), along with a link to the RfC or user talk page where the matter was discussed. If a user page has already been created, any user may add an explanation of why the user was blocked and a link to the RfC page on the blocked user's userpage. It is not advisable to create user pages or talk pages for users with offensive usernames.
Care should be taken to unblock the user's IP address. To unblock the IP but not the username, wait until the user next tries to edit a page, and something like #1234 was blocked because they share an IP with OldUserName will appear at Special:Ipblocklist. Click "unblock" next to that number. Then the user can log in under their new name.
If an account has been blocked both for vandalism and for having an inappropriate username, the IP should be left auto-blocked.
Impersonation
Usernames that are designed to impersonate legitimate users may be blocked immediately and indefinitely. The IP address of these users should be left autoblocked. Accounts and IP addresses that illegitimately use another account's name in the signature should be warned first, and then can be blocked.
Please be sure that the account is a malicious impersonator before blocking it; someone might choose a name similar to that of another user without any ill intent. Use common sense. If the suspected impersonators are vandalizing, flaming other users, or otherwise acting with malice, then they should be blocked immediately. If they are making legitimate edits, they should be told of the possible confusion and encouraged to change usernames.
"Public" accounts
Wikipedia convention is that accounts with a specific name, but created for general public use by multiple people, are not to be used. These are seen as pretending to a reputation as an individual within the Wikipedia project, while masking anonymity. Public accounts are not considered necessary because anonymous users can edit freely, and anyone can quickly create a username without even an email address being required.
Examples include any account where the owner posts the password for public use. These may be blocked on sight indefinitely, with the block message pointing out that public accounts are not needed.
As an alternative, when confirming that the password is public, it is quite simple and often creates less fuss to just go into Special:Preferences and change the password. This makes the password no longer public, and can also be done by anyone, not just an administrator.
Bots
As discussed in Wikipedia:Bots, bots must have prior approval on Wikipedia talk:Bots, and must follow certain minimum standards. In any case, sysops may block on sight any bot that appears to be out of control. Initial blocks should last 24 hours, which should be sufficient time to allow the operator of the bot to respond.
Personal attacks which place users in danger
Blocks may be imposed in instances where threats have been made or actions performed (including actions outside the Wikipedia site) which expose other Wikipedia editors to political, religious or other persecution by government, their employer or any others. In such a case a ban for a period of time may be applied immediately by any sysop upon discovery. Sysops applying such sanctions should confidentially notify the members of the Arbitration Committee and Jimbo Wales of what they have done and why. See No personal attacks.
This provision is rarely used.
When blocking may not be used
The list above is widely considered to be an exhaustive list of the situations that warrant blocking. Blocking should not be used in any other circumstances, unless there is exceptional widespread community support.
Use of blocks to gain advantage in a content dispute, and self-blocking to enforce a Wikiholiday or departure are specifically prohibited, although the latter was somewhat common earlier in our history. Likewise, users should not block those with whom they are currently engaged in conflict.
Sysops should not block themselves (to enforce a "vacation" on themselves, for instance) because the resultant "autoblock" may affect other users (see Effects of being blocked, below), unless they know what they're doing (i.e., they have a static IP).
Effects of being blocked
Blocked users can still see all Wikipedia pages, but the "Edit this page" link brings up a "User is blocked" page which explains the reason behind the block and gives information on how to request unblocking. This page includes the "reason" message supplied by the administrator who placed the block. Links and template includes all work as normal in the "reason" section.
The duration of the block depends on the expiry time that was entered at the time of the block, which may be "indefinite" or "infinite" (ie, until explicitly unblocked).
When a blocked user attempts to edit, the IP from which they are editing is "autoblocked," so that they may not make the same edit anonymously or under a different user name. There is an internal autoblock expiry time variable, which is set to 24 hours, meaning that when a username is blocked indefinitely, their IP will be automatically unblocked 24 hours after they last accessed a page.
Note that blocking does not in any way restrict any feature other than normal article editing: normal users can still read articles, as well as adjust their watchlists and user preferences. Administrators and bureaucrats can continue to use all of their respective features: add and remove blocks, roll back vandalism, make someone a sysop, etc. If an admin or bureaucrat is blocked for a content dispute (such as the three revert rule), he should be careful not to use these abilities in relation to the article or articles in question, as a temporary revocation of administrator access ("desysopping") is the only way to ensure that this does not continue.
Accidental blocks
Occasionally, users with floating IPs will find that they have been blocked accidentally, because their present IP was previously used by a vandal or hard-banned user. These blocks will disappear if IP change can be forced. If that is not possible, the block should be reported to the nearest friendly sysop via email - see the list of administrators for some likely candidates.
Users who act so as to impersonate a previously banned user, to impersonate a known vandal, or to pretend to be engaging in vandalism, are also likely to be accidentally blocked. To avoid this problem, do not act in this way. "Don't do that then (http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/d/Dontdothatthen.html)". It is good practice to edit so as to demonstrate your trustworthiness, not to put up a facade of untrustworthiness.
How to block
Sysops may go to Special pages and select the "Block a user/IP address" link. This takes them to Special:Blockip, which has further instructions. Special:Blockip is also accessible via the [block] link that appears next to each non-logged in user on recent changes.
The "reason" that the administrator fills in will be displayed to the blocked user when they attempt to edit, as well as appearing in the block log and the block list.
Expiry times are entered in the GNU standard format, which is described in the tar manual (http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_chapter/tar_7.html). Alternatively, a block may be "indefinite" or "infinite", meaning the block is permanent, until a sysop explicitly unblocks the account.
If you don't enter an expiry time, you will see an error message.
If it's not for an obvious reason, or you need more one line to explain it, you may record your block at Wikipedia:policy enforcement.
Range blocks
Range blocks are sometimes used when a vandal or disruptive user has been IP blocked on several occasions but responds by using a different IP address. In most cases, range blocks will affect at least some legitimate users. Therefore, range blocks should only be used when the disruptive behavior is frequent and severe enough to make other methods ineffective. This is a matter of judgement, and the likely number of legitimate users that might be affected should be considered.
When used, range blocks should be as brief as possible.
The range block feature is difficult to use correctly because it requires an understanding of binary arithmetic. It has certain limitations inherent in its implementation, requiring the starting and ending addresses to be an exact multiple of the distance between them, which must be a power of two. For details, see Range blocks.
Unblocking
Special:Ipblocklist contains a list of all currently blocked users and IPs. Sysops will see a link to [unblock] next to each user. After clicking this, you should type in the reason that you are unblocking the user and then click the Unblock this address button. Sysops are technically able to unblock themselves by following this procedure but should absolutely not do so. If an admin feels they were not blocked for a valid reason, the safest course is to contact the blocking admin, another admin, or the mailing list and ask to be unblocked.
Sysops may unblock users if:
- They were blocked in violation of this policy.
- The reason for blocking no longer applies.
- The block has lasted too long.
- In other appropriate cases
There are no hard and fast guidelines on unblocking, hence the "in other appropriate cases" guidance. Sysops must use their common sense and good judgement. See Wikipedia:Controversial blocks for details and guidance.
See also
- Special:Ipblocklist (a list of blocked users)
- Block log
- Block log archiveshu:Wikipédia:Blokkolási irányelvek
it:Wikipedia:Politiche di blocco degli utenti ja:Wikipedia:投稿ブロックの方針 simple:Wikipedia:Bans and blocks sl:Wikipedija:Pravila za blokiranje