April 22
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April 22 is the 112th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (113th in leap years). There are 253 days remaining.
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Events
- 1500 - Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil.
- 1509 - Henry VIII ascends the throne of England after the death of his father.
- 1529 - Treaty of Saragossa divides the eastern hemisphere between Spain and Portugal along a line 297.5 leagues or 17° east of the Moluccas.
- 1836 - Texas Revolution: A day after the Battle of San Jacinto forces under Texas General Sam Houston capture Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.
- 1863 - American Civil War: Grierson's Raid begins – troops under Union Colonel Benjamin Grierson attack central Mississippi.
- 1864 - The U.S. Congress passes the Coinage Act which mandates that the inscription "In God We Trust" be placed on all coins minted as United States currency.
- 1889 - Oklahoma land rush: President Benjamin Harrison opens the Unassigned Lands in what is now central Oklahoma to white settlement.
- 1898 - Spanish-American War: The United States Navy begins a blockade of Cuban ports and the USS Nashville captures a Spanish merchant ship.
- 1913 - Pravda, the "voice" of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, begins publications in Saint Petersburg.
- 1914 - Babe Ruth, age 19, pitches his first professional game for the minor league Baltimore Orioles.
- 1915 - The use of poison gas in World War I escalates when chlorine gas is released as a chemical weapon in the Second Battle of Ypres.
- 1930 - The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding.
- 1943 - Albert Hofmann writes his first report about the hallucinogenic properties of LSD.
- 1944 - World War II: Operation Persecution initiated – Allied forces land in the Hollandia area of New Guinea.
- 1945 - World War II: After learning that Soviet forces have taken Eberswalde without a fight, Adolf Hitler admits defeat in his underground bunker and states that suicide is his only recourse.
- 1946 - The first installment of the popular Japanese comic strip, Sazae-san, is published in the Fukunichi Shimbun.
- 1954 - Red Scare: Senator Joseph McCarthy begins hearings investigating the United States Army for being "soft" on Communism.
- 1970 - First Earth Day celebrated.
- 1971 - John Kerry, dressed in combat fatigues, testifies on his views of the Vietnam War before the United States Senate Foreign Relations Committee
- 1972 - Vietnam War: Increased American bombing in Vietnam prompts antiwar protests in New York City, San Francisco, and Los Angeles.
- 1975 - Barbara Walters signs a five-year $5 million contract with the American Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), becoming the highest paid television newsperson.
- 1978 - The Blues Brothers make their first appearance on Saturday Night Live.
- 1993 - In Washington, DC, the Holocaust Memorial Museum is dedicated.
- 1993 - The web browser Mosaic version 1.0 is released.
- 1996 - Cisco Systems acquires StrataCom for $4B
- 1997 - Haouch Khemisti massacre in Algeria; 93 villagers killed.
- 1997 - A 126-day hostage crisis at the residence of the Japanese ambassador in Lima, Peru ends after government commandos storm and capture the building, rescuing 71 hostages. One hostage dies of a heart attack, two soldiers are killed from rebel fire, and all 14 rebels are slain.
- 2000 - In a predawn raid, federal agents seize six-year-old Elián González from his relatives' home in Miami, Florida.
- 2004 - Two fuel trains collide in Ryongchon, North Korea, killing up to 150 people.
Births
- 1451 - Isabella of Castile (d. 1504)
- 1518 - Antoine de Bourbon, father of Henry IV of France (d. 1562)
- 1550 - Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, hereditary Lord Great Chamberlain of England (d. 1604)
- 1610 - Pope Alexander VIII (d. 1691)
- 1707 - Henry Fielding, English author (d. 1754)
- 1724 - Immanuel Kant, German philosopher (d. 1804)
- 1766 - Madame de Staël, French author (d. 1817)
- 1812 - Solomon Caesar Malan, orientalist (d. 1894)
- 1840 - Odilon Redon, French painter (d. 1916)
- 1870 (N.S.) - Vladimir Lenin, Russian revolutionary, state leader, also Vladmir Ilyich Ulynanov (d. 1924)
- 1873 - Ellen Glasgow, American author (d. 1945)
- 1876 - Robert Bárány, Nobel Prize winner in medicine (d. 1936)
- 1881 - Alexander Kerensky, Russian politician (d. 1970)
- 1891 - Harold Jeffreys, English astronomer (d. 1989)
- 1899 - Vladimir Nabokov, Russian writer (d. 1977)
- 1904 - Robert Oppenheimer, American physicist (d. 1967)
- 1906 - Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Westrobothnia, second in line to the Swedish throne (d. 1946)
- 1906 - Eddie Albert, American actor (d. 2005)
- 1907 - Ivan Efremov, Russian paleontologist, taphonomist, science fiction author (d. 1972)
- 1910 - Norman Steenrod, American mathematician (d. 1971)
- 1912 - Kathleen Ferrier, American contralto (d. 1953)
- 1914 - Jan de Hartog, Dutch writer (d. 2002)
- 1916 - Yehudi Menuhin, violinist (d. 1999)
- 1918 - Mickey Vernon, baseball player
- 1922 - Charles Mingus, musician (d. 1979)
- 1922 - Wolf V. Vishniac, American microbiologist (d. 1973)
- 1923 - Bettie Page, pin-up model
- 1923 - Aaron Spelling, television producer, writer
- 1926 - James Stirling, British architect (d. 1992)
- 1926 - Charlotte Rae, American actress
- 1936 - Glen Campbell, American musician
- 1937 - Jack Nicholson, American actor
- 1937 - Jack Nitzsche, American composer, arranger (d. 2000)
- 1939 - Jason Miller, American playwright (d. 2001)
- 1943 - Louise Glück, US poet
- 1944 - Steve Fossett, millionaire adventurer
- 1946 - John Waters, American film writer, director
- 1950 - Peter Frampton, musician
- 1952 or 1954 - Marilyn Chambers, erotic actress
- 1959 - Catherine Mary Stewart, Canadian actress
- 1959 - Ryan Stiles, Canadian-American actor, comedian
- 1967 - Sheryl Lee, American actress
- 1974 - Shavo Odadjian, bassist for System of a Down
- 1975 - Greg Moore, race car driver (CART) (d. 1999)
- 1977 - Andruw Jones, baseball player
- 1982 - Kaká, Brazilian footballer
Deaths
- 296 - Pope Caius
- 536 - Pope Agapetus I
- 1833 - Richard Trevithick, English inventor (b. 1771)
- 1892 - Edouard Lalo, French composer (b. 1823)
- 1896 - Thomas Meik, civil engineer (b. 1812)
- 1908 - Henry Campbell-Bannerman, British Prime Minister & politician (b. 1836)
- 1945 - Käthe Kollwitz, German artist (b. 1867)
- 1946 - Harlan F. Stone, Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court (b. 1872)
- 1951 - Horace Donisthorpe, British entomologist (b. 1870)
- 1968 - Stephen H. Sholes, American recording executive (b. 1911)
- 1978 - Will Geer, American actor, activist
- 1983 - Earl "Fatha" Hines, jazz musician (b. 1903)
- 1984 - Ansel Adams, American photographer (b. 1902)
- 1988 - Irene Rich, actress
- 1994 - Richard Nixon, President of the United States (b. 1913)
- 1995 - Maggie Kuhn, American activist
- 1996 - Erma Bombeck, humorist, writer (b. 1927)
- 2002 - Linda Lovelace, American erotic actress
- 2003 - Martha Griffiths, U.S. Congresswoman and women's rights proponent (b. 1912)
- 2003 - Michael Larrabee, American athlete (b. 1933)
- 2004 - Pat Tillman, American football player (b. 1976)
- 2005 - Philip Morrison (b. 1915)
Holidays and observances
External links
- BBC: On This Day (http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/22)
- Today in History: April 22 (http://www.tnl.net/when/4/22)
April 21 - April 23 - March 22 - May 22 – listing of all days
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