1564
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| Years: 1561 1562 1563 - 1564 - 1565 1566 1567 | |
| Decades: 1530s 1540s 1550s - 1560s - 1570s 1580s 1590s | |
| Centuries: 15th century - 16th century - 17th century | |
Events
- March 8 - Naples bans kissing in public under the penalty of death
- June 22 - Fort Caroline, the first French attempt at colonizing the New World
- September 10 - The Battle of Kawanakajima
- Ottoman Turks invade Malta
- Modern pencil becomes common in England
- Conquistadors crossed the Pacific
- Spanish found a colony in the Philippines
Births
- February 15 - Galileo Galilei, Italian astronomer and physicist (died 1642)
- February 26 - Christopher Marlowe, English poet and dramatist (died 1593)
- March 9 - David Fabricius, Frisian astronomer (died 1617)
- April 23 - William Shakespeare, English poet and dramatist (died 1616)
- September 24 - William Adams, English navigator and Japanese samurai (died 1620)
- November 22 - Henry Brooke, 8th Baron Cobham, English peer and traitor (died 1619)
- William Bathe, Jesuit priest
- Abraham Bloemaert, Dutch painter and engraver (died 1651)
- Daniel Chamier, minister of religion in France (died 1621)
- Henry Chettle, English dramatist (died 1607)
- Kryštof Harant z Polžic a Bezdružic, Bohemian composer and protestant rebel (died 1621)
- Paul Miki, Japanese Catholic saint and martyr (died 1597)
- Thomas Morton, English churchman (died 1659)
- Henry Percy, 9th Earl of Northumberland (died 1632)
- Francisco Pacheco, Spanish painter (died 1654)
- Pedro Páez, Jesuit missionary in Ethiopia (died 1622)
- Thomas Shirley, English pirate (died 1620)
- Pieter Brueghel the Younger, Flemish painter (died 1638)
Deaths
- February 18 - Michelangelo Buonarroti, Italian artist and architect (born 1475)
- May 27 - John Calvin, Swiss protestant reformer (born 1509)
- July 27 - Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1503)
- October 5 - Pierre de Manchicourt, Flemish composer (born 1510)
- October 18 - Johannes Acronius Frisius, German doctor and mathematician of the 16th century (born 1520)
- Pierre Belon, French naturalist (born 1517)
- Giovanni da Udine, Italian painter (born 1487)
- Purandara Dasa
- Charles Etienne, French anatomist (born 1503)
- Guillaume Morel, French classical scholar (born 1505)
- Manus O'Donnell, Irish leader
- Maurice Scève, French poet (born 1500)
- Vesalius, Belgian anatomist (born 1514)af:1564
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