Legend:  Definition
 Field
Listing  Rank
Order
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Background:
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The former French colony of Ubangi-Shari became the Central African
Republic upon independence in 1960. After three tumultuous decades
of misrule - mostly by military governments - civilian rule was
established in 1993 and lasted for one decade. In March 2003 a military
coup deposed the civilian government of President Ange-Felix PATASSE
and has since established a new government. |
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Location:
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Central Africa, north of Democratic Republic of the Congo |
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Geographic coordinates:
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7 00 N, 21 00 E |
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Map references:
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Africa
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Area:
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total: 622,984 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 622,984 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than Texas |
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Land boundaries:
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total: 5,203 km
border countries: Cameroon 797 km, Chad 1,197 km, Democratic
Republic of the Congo 1,577 km, Republic of the Congo 467 km, Sudan
1,165 km |
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Coastline:
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0 km (landlocked) |
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Maritime claims:
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none (landlocked) |
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Climate:
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tropical; hot, dry winters; mild to hot, wet summers |
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Terrain:
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vast, flat to rolling, monotonous plateau; scattered hills in northeast
and southwest |
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Oubangui River 335 m
highest point: Mont Ngaoui 1,420 m |
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Natural resources:
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diamonds, uranium, timber, gold, oil, hydropower |
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Land use:
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arable land: 3.1%
permanent crops: 0.14%
other: 96.76% (1998 est.) |
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Irrigated land:
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NA sq km |
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Natural hazards:
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hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds affect northern areas; floods are
common |
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Environment - current issues:
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tap water is not potable; poaching has diminished its reputation
as one of the last great wildlife refuges; desertification; deforestation
|
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification,
Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical
Timber 94
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
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Geography - note:
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landlocked; almost the precise center of Africa
|
| |
People |
Central
African Republic |
|
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Population:
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3,683,538
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account
the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in
lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates,
lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution
of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2003 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 43.1% (male 799,241; female 788,370)
15-64 years: 53.5% (male 969,581; female 1,000,740)
65 years and over: 3.4% (male 53,322; female 72,284) (2003
est.) |
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Median age:
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total: 17.9 years
male: 17.6 years
female: 18.3 years (2002) |
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Population growth rate:
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1.62% (2003 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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35.93 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
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Death rate:
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19.73 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
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Net migration rate:
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0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2003 est.) |
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Infant mortality rate:
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total: 93.3 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 86.04 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
male: 100.35 deaths/1,000 live births |
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 41.71 years
male: 40.18 years
female: 43.29 years (2003 est.) |
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Total fertility rate:
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4.68 children born/woman (2003 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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12.9% (2001 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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250,000 (2001 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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22,000 (2001 est.) |
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Nationality:
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noun: Central African(s)
adjective: Central African |
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Ethnic groups:
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Baya 33%, Banda 27%, Mandjia 13%, Sara 10%, Mboum 7%, M'Baka 4%,
Yakoma 4%, other 2% |
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Religions:
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indigenous beliefs 35%, Protestant 25%, Roman Catholic 25%, Muslim
15%
note: animistic beliefs and practices strongly influence
the Christian majority |
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Languages:
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French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and national language),
tribal languages |
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Literacy:
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definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 51%
male: 63.3%
female: 39.9% (2003 est.)
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Country name:
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conventional long form: Central African Republic
conventional short form: none
local short form: none
local long form: Republique Centrafricaine
former: Ubangi-Shari, Central African Empire
abbreviation: CAR |
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Government type:
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republic |
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Capital:
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Bangui |
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Administrative divisions:
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14 prefectures (prefectures, singular - prefecture), 2 economic
prefectures* (prefectures economiques, singular - prefecture economique),
and 1 commune**; Bamingui-Bangoran, Bangui**, Basse-Kotto, Haute-Kotto,
Haut-Mbomou, Kemo, Lobaye, Mambere-Kadei, Mbomou, Nana-Grebizi*,
Nana-Mambere, Ombella-Mpoko, Ouaka, Ouham, Ouham-Pende, Sangha-Mbaere*,
Vakaga |
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Independence:
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13 August 1960 (from France) |
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National holiday:
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Republic Day, 1 December (1958) |
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Constitution:
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passed by referendum 29 December 1994; adopted 7 January 1995 |
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Legal system:
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based on French law |
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Suffrage:
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21 years of age; universal |
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Executive branch:
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chief of state: President Francois BOZIZE (since 15 March
2003 coup)
head of government: Prime Minister Abel GOUMBA (since NA
March 2003)
cabinet: Council of Ministers
elections: NA; current president assumed power following
a coup on 15 March 2003 in which former President Ange-Felix PATASSE
was overthrown (President BOZIZE has stated that elections will
be held by NA 2004); prime minister appointed by the president |
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Legislative branch:
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unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (109 seats;
members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms; note
- there were 85 seats in the National Assembly before the 1998 election)
elections: last held 22-23 November and 13 December 1998
(next to be held NA 2003)
election results: percent of vote by party - MLPC 43%, RDC
18%, MDD 9%, FPP 6%, PSD 5%, ADP 4%, PUN 3%, FODEM 2%, PLD 2%, UPR
1%, FC 1%, independents 6%; seats by party - MLPC 47, RDC 20, MDD
8, FPP 7, PSD 6, ADP 5, PUN 3, FODEM 2, PLD 2, UPR 1, FC 1, independents
7 |
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Judicial branch:
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Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Constitutional Court (3 judges appointed
by the president, 3 by the president of the National Assembly, and
3 by fellow judges); Court of Appeal; Criminal Courts; Inferior
Courts |
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Political parties and leaders:
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Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP [Jacques MBOLIEDAS];
Central African Democratic Assembly or RDC [Andre KOLINGBA]; Civic
Forum or FC [Gen. Timothee MALENDOMA]; Democratic Forum for Modernity
or FODEM [Charles MASSI]; Liberal Democratic Party or PLD [Nestor
KOMBO-NAGUEMON]; Movement for Democracy and Development or MDD [David
DACKO]; Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People
or MLPC [the party of deposed president, Ange-Felix PATASSE]; Patriotic
Front for Progress or FPP [Abel GOUMBA]; People's Union for the
Republic or UPR [Pierre Sammy MAKFOY]; National Unity Party or PUN
[Jean-Paul NGOUPANDE]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Enoch LAKOUE]
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Political pressure groups and leaders:
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NA |
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International organization participation:
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ACCT, ACP, AfDB, BDEAC, CEEAC, CEMAC, ECA, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA,
IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF,
Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC (observer), OPCW (signatory),
UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO,
WTrO |
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Diplomatic representation in the US:
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chief of mission: Ambassador Emmanuel TOUABOY
FAX: [1] (202) 332-9893
telephone: [1] (202) 483-7800
chancery: 1618 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 |
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Diplomatic representation from the US:
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chief of mission: Ambassador Mattie R. SHARPLESS
embassy: Avenue David Dacko, Bangui
mailing address: B. P. 924, Bangui
telephone: [236] 61 02 00
FAX: [236] 61 44 94 |
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Flag description:
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four equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, green, and yellow
with a vertical red band in center; there is a yellow five-pointed
star on the hoist side of the blue band
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Economy - overview:
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Subsistence agriculture, together with forestry, remains the backbone
of the economy of the Central African Republic (CAR), with more
than 70% of the population living in outlying areas. The agricultural
sector generates half of GDP. Timber has accounted for about 16%
of export earnings and the diamond industry for 54%. Important constraints
to economic development include the CAR's landlocked position, a
poor transportation system, a largely unskilled work force, and
a legacy of misdirected macroeconomic policies. Factional fighting
between the government and its opponents remains a drag on economic
revitalization, with GDP growth likely to be no more than 1.3% in
2003. Distribution of income is extraordinarily unequal. Grants
from France and the international community can only partially meet
humanitarian needs. |
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GDP:
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purchasing power parity - $4.296 billion (2002 est.) |
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GDP - real growth rate:
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1.5% (2002 est.) |
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GDP - per capita:
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purchasing power parity - $1,200 (2002 est.) |
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 55%
industry: 20%
services: 25% (2001 est.) |
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Population below poverty line:
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NA% |
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Household income or consumption by percentage
share:
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lowest 10%: 0.7%
highest 10%: 47.7% (1993) |
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Distribution of family income - Gini index:
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61.3 (1993) |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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3.6% (2001 est.) |
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Labor force:
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NA |
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Unemployment rate:
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8% (23% for Bangui) (2001 est.) |
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Budget:
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revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
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Industries:
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diamond mining, logging, brewing, textiles, footwear, assembly of
bicycles and motorcycles |
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Industrial production growth rate:
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3% (2002) |
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Electricity - production:
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106 million kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - production by source:
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fossil fuel: 19.8%
hydro: 80.2%
other: 0% (2001)
nuclear: 0% |
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Electricity - consumption:
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98.63 million kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - exports:
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0 kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - imports:
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0 kWh (2001) |
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Oil - production:
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0 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - consumption:
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2,400 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - exports:
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NA (2001) |
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Oil - imports:
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NA (2001) |
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Agriculture - products:
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cotton, coffee, tobacco, manioc (tapioca), yams, millet, corn, bananas;
timber |
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Exports:
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$134 million f.o.b. (2002 est.) |
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Exports - commodities:
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diamonds, timber, cotton, coffee, tobacco |
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Exports - partners:
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Belgium 66.8%, Spain 6.4%, Kazakhstan 4% (2002) |
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Imports:
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$102 million f.o.b. (2002 est.) |
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Imports - commodities:
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food, textiles, petroleum products, machinery, electrical equipment,
motor vehicles, chemicals, pharmaceuticals |
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Imports - partners:
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France 30%, US 5.2%, Cameroon 4.5%, Germany 4.3% (2002) |
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Debt - external:
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$881.4 million (2000 est.) |
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Economic aid - recipient:
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ODA $73 million; note - traditional budget subsidies from France
(2000 est.) |
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Currency:
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Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible
authority is the Bank of the Central African States |
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Currency code:
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XAF |
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Exchange rates:
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Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 696.99
(2002), 733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.7 (1999), 589.95 (1998)
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Fiscal year:
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calendar year
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Railways:
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0 km |
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Highways:
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total: 23,810 km
paved: 643 km
unpaved: 23,167 km (1999 est.) |
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Waterways:
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900 km
note: traditional trade carried on by means of shallow-draft
dugouts; Oubangui is the most important river, navigable all year
to craft drawing 0.6 m or less; 282 km navigable to craft drawing
as much as 1.8 m |
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Ports and harbors:
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Bangui, Nola, Salo, Nzinga |
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Airports:
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50 (2002) |
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Airports - with paved runways:
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total: 3
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2002) |
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Airports - with unpaved runways:
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total: 47
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 10
914 to 1,523 m: 23
under 914 m: 13 (2002)
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Disputes - international:
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internal political instabilities with fighting and violence overlap
into Chad and CAR, leaving refugees and rebel groups in both countries;
violent ethnic skirmishes persist along the border with Sudan
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This page was last updated on 18 December,
2003
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