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  1. Hanging Gardens of Babylon (4963 bytes)
    5: ... at [[Babylon]] has been accrued, but does not completely substantiate what look like fanciful descrip...
    19: ...th earth to allow trees of the largest size to be planted. The pillars, [[vaults]], and terraces are c...
    21: ... green, leafy, artificial mountain rising off the plain.
    43: ...080; на Вавилон]]
    53: [[pl:Wiszące ogrody Semiramidy]]
  2. Steel (28384 bytes)
    5: ...n-based alloys that can be [[plasticity (physics)|plastically]] formed (pounded, rolled, etc.).
    8:
    15: ... to ferrite or perlite does not have time to take place. The transformation into martensite, by contr...
    23: ...dification process, and to produce shapes such as plate, sheet, wire, etc. It is then heat-treated to...
    26: ...recovered from meteorite falls allowed ancient peoples to manufacture small numbers of iron artifacts.
  3. November 4 (10686 bytes)
    12: ...ate]] troops bombard a [[United States|Union]] supply base and destroy millions of dollars in material...
    24: ...orders the [[United States Customs Service]] to implement the [[Neutrality Acts|Neutrality Act of 1939...
    31: ...d as the [[Arno]] and [[Po]] rivers flood; 113 people die, 30,000 are rendered homeless, and countless...
    51: *[[1883]] - [[Nikolaos Plastiras]], Greek general and politician (d. [[1953...
    53: ...[1909]] - [[Skeeter Webb]], American [[baseball]] player (d. [[1986]])
  4. Adela of Normandy (2741 bytes)
    9: ...time between [[1080]] and [[1084]], probably in [[1083]]. Stephen inherited Blois, Chartres and Meaux in...
    22: ...nerate''", and had his younger brother Theobald replace him as heir. Her son Stephen left Blois in [[1...
  5. Catherine I of Russia (2658 bytes)
    3: ...90;ерина I Алексеевн...
  6. Catherine II of Russia (9308 bytes)
    2: ...] and [[Charles XIII of Sweden]], Catherine exemplified an "[[enlightened absolutism|enlightened mon...
    11: ...se of the peasant revolt. This process reached completion in [[1775]]. The reform created provinces an...
    17: ...bsburg]] League. When it became apparent that his plan could not succeed, Panin fell out of favor and ...
    19: In [[1764]] Catherine placed [[Stanislaus II of Poland|Stanislaw Poniatows...
    21: ...n Empire's European holdings after the Polish example, but achieved far less success. She annexed [[Cr...
  7. Elizabeth of Russia (14144 bytes)
    3: ...1072;ве́та (Елисаве́т)...
    13: ...ured to be her lover. The [[Dolgorukov]]s, who supplanted Menshikov and hated the memory of Peter the ...
    19: ...ardie took a leading part in the revolution which placed the daughter of Peter the Great on the Russia...
    23: ...ate as eight o'clock the next morning very few people in the city were aware of it.
    25: ...r government. Her usually keen judgment and her diplomatic tact again and again recall Peter the Great...
  8. Alexandra Kollontai (3203 bytes)
    1: ... exiled by [[Stalin]], who sent her abroad as a diplomat, and she was thus one of the very few "[[Old ...
    5: At the time of the split in the [[Russian Social Democratic Labour Party...
    7: ... new marriage, education, and working laws put in place by the Revolution. She was well recognized lat...
    13: ...] gained power, he sent Kollontai abroad as a [[diplomat]]. In [[1923]], she was appointed Soviet Amba...
    15: ... nor executed by the Stalin regime, though as a diplomat serving abroad, she had little or no influenc...
  9. Anna Comnena (3243 bytes)
    1: '''Anna Comnena''' ([[December 1]] [[1083]] - [[1153]]) was a daughter of the [[Byzantine E...
    3: ...ify her longing for power. Having married an accomplished young nobleman, [[Nicephorus Bryennius]], sh...
    5: ...]] of her father's life and reign (1081-1118), supplementing the historical work of her husband. It is...
  10. Svetlana Savitskaya (713 bytes)
    1: ...skaya''' ({{lang-ru|Светла́на Евг...
  11. Valentina Tereshkova (2387 bytes)
    3: ...#1085;ти́на Влади́мир&...
    5: ... cosmonaut corps. Out of more than four hundred applicants, five were selected: [[Tatiana Kuznetsova]]...
    7: ...йка}} ). Even though there were plans for further female flights it took 19 years un...
  12. Sofia Kovalevskaya (3306 bytes)
    1: ...1074;на Ковалевская) ([[Ja...
    7: ...lly completed the study of [[rotating solid]]s, applying the then-new theory of [[Abelian function]]s ...
    15: ...istorically, and the friend was so impressed he implored Sophia's father to let her take private mathe...
    17: ...] and is interred there in the [[Norra begravningsplatsen]].
  13. Sofia Gubaidulina (8325 bytes)
    1: ...]]) is a [[Russia]]n-[[Tatar]] [[composer]] of deeply religious music.
    5: ..., her music was labeled "irresponsible" for its exploration of alternate [[musical tuning|tunings]]. S...
    45: ...1072;нцует для тебя о&#107...
  14. Balalaika (5108 bytes)
    1: ...'' (<font lang="ru">&#1073;&#1072;&#1083;&#1072;&#1083;&#1072;&#769;&#1081;&#1082;&#1072;</font>) is a s...
    18: ...n the larger sizes. One can play the prima with a plectrum, but it is considered rather [[heterodox]] ...
    20: ...e contrabass' strings, it is not uncommon for the plectrum to be made of a leather [[shoe]] or [[boot]...
    26: ...e modern saz, which allows for the [[microtonal]] playing distinctive to Turkish and Central Asian mus...
    30: ...act that at various times in Russian history, the playing of the balalaika was banned because of its u...
  15. Kazakhstan (26806 bytes)
    1: ...urope]]. It has borders with [[Russia]], the [[People's Republic of China]], and the [[Central Asia|Ce...
    9: ...y)<br>&#1056;&#1077;&#1089;&#1087;&#1091;&#1073;&#1083;&#1080;&#1082;&#1072; &#1050;&#1072;&#1079;&#1072...
    76: ...1086;&#1077; &#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1074;&#1083;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;) in St. Petersburg. ...
    84: ... mass demonstrations by young ethnic Kazakhs took place in [[Almaty]] to protest the methods of the [[...
    91: ... standards. The prime minister, who serves at the pleasure of the president, chairs the Cabinet of Min...
  16. Kyrgyzstan (23226 bytes)
    1: ...ia]]. Landlocked and mountainous, it borders [[People's Republic of China|China]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[T...
    52: ...201 BC]]. The earliest ancestors of the Kyrgyz people, who are believed to be of [[Turkic]] descent, l...
    54: ...ry draft on the Kyrgyz and other Central Asian peoples, caused many Kyrgyz to flee to China.
    58: ...d [[Kyrgyz alphabet]] was introduced, which was replaced by [[Latin script]] in [[1928]]. In [[1941]] ...
    72: ...[[referendum]] asking for a renewed mandate to complete his term of office. He received 96.2% of the v...
  17. Politics (7193 bytes)
    2: ... decisions for groups. Although it is generally applied to [[government]]s, politics is also observed ...
    4: ...tical behavior and examines the acquisition and application of power, i.e. the ability to impose one's...
    14: ...bes the transformation of human society that took place around [[6th millennium BCE|6000 BCE]] as an u...
    18: ...t was tribal organization. Rule by elders was supplanted by monarchy, and a system of [[Feudalism]] a...
    23: ...r between the [[patrician]] [[aristocracy]] and [[plebian]] general [[citizens]]. It also contained t...
  18. World War II (58065 bytes)
    1: ...umb|295px|[[Mushroom cloud]] from the [[nuclear explosion]] over [[Nagasaki]] rising 18 km (over 11 mi...
    8: Approximately 57 million people [[List of World War II casualties by country|die...
    10: ..., and China came to split into the Communist [[People's Republic of China]] and the Nationalist [[Repu...
    18: ...s powers with any great abundance of troops or supplies.
    24: ...ests in seeing a particular side prevail. For example, neutral [[Switzerland]] was generally considere...
  19. Charles de Gaulle (41586 bytes)
    24: ! align="left" | Place of birth:
    30: ! align="left" | Place of death:
    54: ...ivisions in preference to the static theories exemplified by the [[Maginot Line]].
    56: ...ble exception of [[Paul Reynaud]] who would later play a major role in de Gaulle's career.
    63: ... were in favor of continuing the war. He took the plane back to [[Bordeaux]] (provisory seat of the Fr...
  20. Charles Lindbergh (11557 bytes)
    6: ...St. Louis]] in the 1920s.<!--What does this mean? Please clarify.-->
    10: ...ian.JPG|thumb|right|The Spirit of St. Louis on display at the Smithsonian.]]
    11: ...]]-[[May 21]], [[1927]] in his single-engine [[airplane]] ''[[Spirit of St. Louis|The Spirit of St. Lo...
    13: Lindbergh's accomplishment won him the ''[[Orteig Prize]]'' of $25,00...
    22: ...9. He taught her how to fly and did much of the exploring and charting of air-routes together with her...
  21. Russia (28007 bytes)
    13: ...through the eighth century. They in turn were displaced by a group of Scandinavians, the [[Varangian...
    15: ...be applied to the Varangians and the Slavs who peopled the region. In the [[10th century|10th]] to [[1...
    17: ... of Kievan Rus divided the [[Russians |Russian people]] in the north from the [[Belarusians]] and [[Uk...
    23: ... their territories. After the fall of Constantinople in 1453 Russia remained the only more or less fu...
    37: ...he struggle. It is estimated that over 200,000 people have died in this conflict. Minor conflicts also...
  22. Rail transport (15539 bytes)
    8: ...ay roll with a minimum of [[friction]]. As an example, a typical rail car can hold up to 125 tons of f...
    13: ...transport in many countries. In [[Asia]], for example, many millions use trains as regular transport i...
    15: ...t levels of rail transport have in some times and places been reduced in order to save money (see [[Be...
    22: ...uld be viewed from a system-wide perspective when planning, constructing and maintaining it. Some loco...
    28: ...] of the system. To be electrified, a means of supplying electricity to the train is needed. This can ...
  23. Easter (31700 bytes)
    4: ...he [[Last Supper]] shared by Jesus and his [[disciples]] before his crucifixion is generally thought o...
    63: ...d Western churches. The reform was proposed for implementation starting in [[2001]], but it was not ul...
    69: ...lations for the date of Easter can be somewhat complicated. See [[computus]] for a discussion covering...
    73: ...mining the holiday's date were also used. For example, [[Quartodecimanism]] was the practice of settin...
    89: ...gy will come earlier in the morning, ensuring its place as the pre-eminent "Feast of Feasts" in the [[...
  24. Himalaya (16334 bytes)
    1: ...orrect name for the range is Himalaya, though the plural '''Himalayas''' is often used.
    3: ...ga-Brahmaputra Basin. An estimated 750 million people live in the watershed area of the Himalayan rive...
    5: ... looking south-south-east from over the [[Tibetan Plateau]]. ([[:Image:himalaya_annotated.jpg|annotate...
    10: ...ateau]] is near the centre and the [[Taklamakan]] plain is visible as the lighter area near the top.]]...
    17: ...n Plate) before its collision with Asia (Eurasian Plate) about 40 to 50 million years ago]]
  25. Nikola Tesla (29894 bytes)
    18: ...ted energy]]. He gave his life to make real these plans, while others made fortunes with his [[inventi...
    24: |'''Electromechanical devices and principles developed by Nikola Tesla''':
    26: * the [[rotating magnetic field]] principle ([[1882]]) and various devices that use rotating...
    33: * fundamental principles, devices, and machinery of [[wireless]] technol...
    42: * [[voltage]] multiplication [[circuit]]ry
  26. Charles Darwin (47469 bytes)
    6: ...inued his research and wrote a series of books on plants and animals, now including mankind in ''[[The...
    19: ... March [[1827]] Darwin made a presentation to the Plinian society of his discovery that black spores o...
    22: ...clergymen who saw it as part of their duties to explore the wonders of God's creation.
    26: ...t Cambridge till June and following Henslow's example and advice he was in no rush to take holy orders...
    27: ...anted to study natural history in the tropics and planned to visit [[Madeira]] with some class-mates u...
  27. List of autonomous entities (9309 bytes)
    79: ...90;&#1072;&#1081;&nbsp;&ndash; Altajdyng/&#1040;&#1083;&#1090;&#1072;&#1081;&#1076;&#1099;&#1085;&#1075;...
    87: ...103;&nbsp;&ndash; Gialgiaj Mochk/&#1043;i&#1072;&#1083;&#1075;i&#1072;&#1081; &#1052;&#1086;&#1093;&#108...
    89: ...1073;&#1072;&#1088;&#1090;&#1099;-&#1052;&#1072;&#1083;&#1082;&#1098;&#1072;&#1088;)
    91: ...3;&nbsp;&ndash; Chal'm Tang&#269;/&#1061;&#1072;&#1083;&#1100;&#1084; &#1058;&#1072;&#1085;&#1075;&#1095...
    95: ...Karelia]] (Karelija/&#1050;&#1072;&#1088;&#1077;&#1083;&#1080;&#1103;&nbsp;&ndash; Karjala)
  28. Linnaean classification (11503 bytes)
    1: ...tency with the [[Charles Darwin|Darwinian]] principle of [[common descent]]. [[Molecular systematics]]...
    11: ... first microscopists is due to the research of people like [[Marcello Malpighi]] (1628&ndash;1694), [[...
    13: ...ed, either/or type system, and instead classified plants according to similarities and differences tha...
    21: ...sy to identify unambiguously any given species of plant or animal. He proceeded further to introduce i...
    23: ...a set of groups from the layer directly below. Simply knowing the two-part scientific name makes it po...
  29. Protein (17280 bytes)
    2: ...#970;&#957;&#951;''' = ''first element'') is a complex, high molecular weight [[organic compound]] tha...
    3: ...ein subunit|subunits]] of enzymes. Other proteins play structural or mechanical roles, such as those t...
    7: ...nscribed]] to yield [[RNA]], which serves as a template for [[translation (genetics)|translation]] by ...
    16: ...on as part of the larger assembly or [[protein complex]].
    28: For example, protein [[catabolism]] requires only a few enzy...
  30. Saint Petersburg (36589 bytes)
    31: | [[License plate]]: || 78, 98
    40: ...1088;&#1085;&#1072;&#1103; &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072;). <!-- translator paraphras...
    42: ...1081; &#1092;&#1077;&#1076;&#1077;&#1088;&#1072;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1099;&#1081; &#1086;&#1082;&#1088...
    60: ...pg|center|thumb|650px|The [[Hermitage Museum]] complex with the [[Winter Palace]] at right]]
    62: ... of Russia|Emperor Paul]] in 1797&ndash;1801 to replace the earlier Summer Palace. The Tauride palace ...
  31. Mobile phone (30513 bytes)
    14: == Worldwide deployment ==
    16: ... Due to their low establishment costs and rapid deployment, mobile phone networks have since spread ra...
    18: ...lephone numbers in the [[North American Numbering Plan]] (NANP), and the lack of non-regional special ...
    24: ...[clock]] and a [[calculator]] and often one can [[play]] some [[game]]s on them. Newer models sometim...
    26: ..., which permits the same phone to be used in multiple countries. For this to work, the [[mobile phone ...
  32. Industry (5421 bytes)
    6: In [[economics]] and [[urban planning]], ''industrial'' is an intensive type of l...
    50: ...logy or the loss of competitive advantage. An example of the former is the decline in [[carriage]] man...
    54: ...e number of jobs created. The reduced number of employees in the manufacturing sector has been assumed...
    85: [[simple:Industry]]
    86: [[ru:&#1055;&#1088;&#1086;&#1084;&#1099;&#1096;&#1083;&#1077;&#1085;&#1085;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1100;...
  33. Green alga (4059 bytes)
    4: {{Taxobox_begin_placement | color = lightgreen}}
    5: {{Taxobox_regnum_entry | taxon = [[Plantae]]}}
    6: {{Taxobox_end_placement}}
    7: ...{Taxobox_section_subdivision | color = lightblue| plural_taxon = Divisions}}
    13: ...the [[Charales]], the closest relatives of higher plants, full differentiation of tissues occurs.
  34. Fruit (8416 bytes)
    2: ... nuts and [[cereal|grain]]s, are the fruit of the plants they come from. Fruits that might not be con...
    4: ... ''multiple-accessory fruit''; see below) or to a plant structure that resembles a fruit but is not de...
    6: ...parthenocarpy]]'''''. Such fruits are seedless. A plant that does not produce fruit is known as '''''a...
    12: ...'''' (inner layer). In some fruits, especially simple fruits derived from an ''inferior'' ovary, other...
    14: ...and fruit are incorrectly applied, a fact that complicates understanding of the terminology. ''Seeds a...
  35. Tool (5792 bytes)
    5: ...provides a mechanical or mental advantage in accomplishing a task.
    6: ...r a combination of them. For example, a hammer simply functions as a [[lever]] with the [[fulcrum]] (p...
    10: .... Similarly, people can use weapons, such as [[explosive]]s, as tools.
    20: ...implement]] tends to be a small and relatively simple tool.
    24: * A [[Placeholder name|cadigan]] can represent a generic t...

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