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- List of explorers (24013 bytes)
1: ...sion]]). For the science fiction book, see [[Expedition (book)]].''
21: ...tish Empire|British]] naval officer, several expeditions to the [[Canada|Canadian]] [[Arctic]]
30: ...7]]?), [[Morocco|Moroccan]] [[Berber]] Muslim, visited [[Mecca]] several times, travelled to [[Central...
35: *[[Vitus Bering]]
36: *[[Vittorio Bottego]] (1860,1897), Italian explorer of the [[Giuba]] region in north-ea... - November 4 (10686 bytes)
2: ...n [[leap year]]s) in the [[Gregorian Calendar]], with 57 days remaining.
7: ...[[Antwerp (city)|Antwerp]] (after three days the city was nearly destroyed).
8: ...nder command of [[Dmitri Mikhailovich Pozharski|Dmitry Pozharsky]]
10: ...dinia|Sardinia]], which soon expanded to become [[Italy]].
11: ...attle]], [[Washington]] as the Territorial University - Blanche Lincoln (2886 bytes)
2: | nationality=american
5: | party=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
18: ...ratic Party|Democratic]] [[United States Senate|United States Senator]] from the State of [[Arkansas]]...
20: ...a]] in [[1982]]. She studied law at the [[University of Arkansas]].
22: ...reelection to a second term and served in the [[United States House of Representatives|House of Repres... - Heart (10132 bytes)
3: ... language|Greek]] ''kardia'' (καρδια) for "heart".
7: ...s. In adults, it weighs about 300-350 [[gram|g]]. It consists of four chambers, the two upper ''atria'...
11: ...ventricle pumps blood to the [[lung]]s. Compared with the walls of the atria, the ventricle walls are ...
13: ...ft|Anterior (frontal) view of the opened heart. White arrows indicate normal blood flow. ([[Media:Hear...
15: ...this newly oxygenated blood passes through the [[mitral valve]] to enter the left ventricle. The left... - Pancreas (4781 bytes)
1: The '''pancreas''' is a [[retroperitoneal]] organ that serves two functions:
2: * [[exocrine]] - it produces pancreatic juice containing digestive [[...
3: * [[endocrine system|endocrine]] - it produces several important [[hormone]]s
7: The pancreas is a [[retroperitoneal]] organ located posterior to the [[stomach]]...
11: ...ncreas is a small elongated organ in the abdomen. It is described as having a head, body and tail. Th... - Greek language (35285 bytes)
3: ...eece]], [[Cyprus]], south [[Albania]], [[Southern Italy]], south [[Republic of Macedonia|Former Yuglos...
13: ...]] with a documented history of some 3,000 years. It is symbolically divided in four historical period...
15: ...sation. It has been studied in schools and universities in many countries from the [[Renaissance]] onw...
17: ...estament Greek''' (after its most famous word of literature).
21: ...as 11th century). Today in its '''common''' form, it is spoken by approximately 15 million speakers wo... - Cairo (12536 bytes)
2: ...as by population|thirteenth most populous metropolitan area]] in the world. Cairo is located at 30°...
4: ...is the official name of the city, in local speech it is typically called simply by the name of the cou...
6: ...uer of the enemies". This title was given to the city as many armies were destroyed in attempts to inv...
7: [[Image:EgyptAlQahirah.png|thumb|200px|Egypt, with Cairo [[Governorates of Egypt|governorate]] high...
10: ...G|thumb|200px|right|Average temperature and precipitations in Cairo]] - Egypt (18830 bytes)
24: | '''[[Capital]] and Largest City'''
36: ...tal (2003) <br /> - [[Population density|Density]]
40: | from the [[United Kingdom|UK]]<br />[[28 February]], [[1922]]<br ...
58: ... It is bordered to the north and east by the [[Mediterranean Sea]] and the [[Red Sea]], respectively.
60: ...f the [[Sahara]] [[Desert]] and are sparsely inhabited. - History of ancient Egypt (28563 bytes)
3: ...ified Egyptian state]] formed around [[3300 BC]]. It survived as an independent state until about [[13...
29: ...ple who settled there must have realized the benefits of a more sedentary life. Scientific analysis of...
31: ...netic]] study links the maternal lineage of a traditional population from Upper Egypt to [[Eastern Afr...
33: ...pt reached the peak of its power, wealth, and territorial extent in the period called the New Empire (...
35: ...e invaded by [[Indo-European]]s and [[Hyksos]] Semites. They defeated the invaders around 1570 BC and ... - Middle Kingdom of Egypt (5374 bytes)
5: ... to the [[First Intermediate Period]]. Some authorities point to cultural differences between the Elev...
8: ...n of Mentuhotep IV. This explains the smooth transition of power as a palace coup by Amenemhat that re...
10: ...hout the Twelfth dynasty and provided great stability.
12: ...f his father to recapture [[Nubia]] and other territories lost during the First Intermediate Period. T...
14: ...rnment though) and established trade connections with Nubia and a war seems to be conducted in the [[L... - Second Intermediate Period of Egypt (3576 bytes)
2: ...tart of the [[New Kingdom of Egypt|New Kingdom]]. It is best known as when the [[Hyksos]] made their a...
4: ... western Delta, broke away from the central authority to form the [[Fourteenth dynasty of Egypt|Fourte...
6: ...ls, and are known primarily by scarabs inscribed with their names, called by modern [[Egyptologist]]s ...
8: ...tep IV, the power of this dynasty, weak to begin with, deteriorated. The later king [[Merneferre Ai]] ...
10: ...on credited with the final defeat of the Hyksos. With the [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt|Eighteenth Dyn... - Conventional Egyptian chronology (10774 bytes)
7: ...tes or even several whole chronologies as possibilities. Consequently, there may be discrepancies betw...
9: It should be noted that there is a 60 year discrepan...
15: ...Predynastic Egypt is from [http://xoomer.virgilio.it/francescoraf/ Late Predynastic and Early Dynastic...
17: * The dates of Dynasties 11 to 20 are from Kitchen, "The Basics of Egyptian Chronology in Relati...
18: * The dates of Dynasties 21 to 26 are from Kitchen, ''Third Intermediate Period in Egypt'' (1973... - Nile (13738 bytes)
2: ... 830|3 400 000|[[Africa]]|the [[Mediterranean]]||[[Uganda]] - [[Sudan]] - [[Egypt]]}}
8: ...gamma;υπτος), which itself is the source of the name "Egypt".
12: ...bara River]] in [[Sudan]] all the way to the [[Mediterranean Sea]].
14: ... a length of approximately 5584 km (3470 miles). It drains approximately 2.8 million to 3.4 million k...
20: There are two great branches of the Nile: the White Nile, from equatorial East Africa, and the Blue ... - Nigeria (19231 bytes)
1: ...ntry's name is unrelated to its African heritage; it was proposed by a ''[[The Times|Times]]'' article...
14: ... top;" colspan=2 | <small>''[[National motto]]: Unity and Strength, Peace and Progress''</small>
21: | '''[[Capital]]'''
24: | '''[[Largest city]]'''
33: ...l ([[2004]]) <br> - [[Population density|Density]] - Netherlands (35958 bytes)
1: ... became a mere province of the Kingdom and was split into North and South Holland in [[1840]]. There a...
15: capital = [[Amsterdam]]. [[The Hague]] is the seat of g...
17: largest_city = [[Amsterdam]] |
18: government_type= [[Democracy|Dem.]] [[Constitution|const.]] [[monarchy]] |
19: leader_titles = [[Dutch monarch|Queen]]<br>[[Prime minister ... - Iraq (19222 bytes)
1: ...ed by the United Nations Secretary General and politicians in both the USA and the UK (as reported by ...
19: | '''[[Capital]]''' || [[Baghdad]]
27: ... (July 2004) <br> - [[Population density|Density]] || [[List of countries by population|Ranked 44...
30: ...[3 October]] [[1932]] from the [[United Kingdom|British]]
44: | '''[[State religion]]'''<br>''(Citizens have [[Freedom of religion|religious freedom... - People's Republic of China (40848 bytes)
1: ... remains a one-party [[authoritarian]] state from its true communist days.
4: ...independent state]]. See '''[[China]]''' and [[Political status of Taiwan]] for more information.
6: ...'''", especially by its political opponents and critics, in reference to the association between the c...
13: ...China]] and the [[Kuomintang]] ended in [[1949]] with the Communists in control of [[mainland China]] ...
15: ...in jumpstarting China's development and purifying its culture. Supporters may also doubt statistics or... - Romania (19812 bytes)
1: ...nd southern [[Carpathians]] mountains run through its center.<!--
12: ...Romania|Royal]] motto: "Nihil Sine Deo" (Nothing without God)|
16: capital = [[Bucharest]] |
18: largest_city = [[Bucharest]] |
19: leader_titles = [[President of Romania|President]] <br> [[Pr... - Tanzania (17411 bytes)
1: ...wi]] and [[Mozambique]] on the south. To the east it borders the [[Indian Ocean]].<!--
11: ... = Uhuru na Umoja ([[Swahili]]: Freedom and Unity) |
15: capital = [[Dodoma]] ([[Dar es Salaam]...
18: leader_titles = [[List of Presidents of Tanzania|...
20: largest_city = [[Dar-es-Salaam]] | - Bangladesh (29715 bytes)
1: ...on land it borders [[India]] and [[Myanmar]], and it is a close neighbor to [[China]], [[Thailand]], [...
19: | '''[[Capital]]''' || [[Dhaka]]
30: ...uly [[2004]] est.)<br> - [[Population density|Density]]
47: | '''[[National Fruit]]''' || [[Jackfruit]]
65: ...Northern Bangladesh has several sites of mass architecture, in the form of [[temple]]s and monasteries... - Vietnam (18265 bytes)
1: ...theast Asia]]. Situated in eastern [[Indochina]], it borders [[China]], [[Laos]], [[Cambodia]], and th...
6: ...overeignty for both sides. American troops were withdrawn by [[March 29]], 1973.
8: ...enacted [[War Powers Resolution]] prevented the United States from defending South Vietnam. [[Fall of ...
14: == Politics ==
15: ''Main article: [[Politics of Vietnam|Politics of Vietnam]]'' - Ukraine (22193 bytes)
3: ...resent borders were only established in [[1954]]. It became independent once more following the [[fall...
24: | '''[[Capital]]''' || [[Kiev]] ({{lang-ua|''Kyiv''}})
32: ...tal ([[2004]])<br> [[Population density|Density]] || [[List of countries by population|ranked 25...
34: .../> - GDP/capita (PPP) <br /> - GDP/capita (Nominal)
35: ...,748 ([[List of countries by GDP (Nominal) per capita|107th]]) - Portugal (61755 bytes)
1: ...ddition, Portugal includes several [[island]] territories in the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]], such as ...
5: ...th centuries]], Portugal was a major economic, political, and cultural power. The [[Portuguese Empire]...
7: ...and economic progress in the subsequent decades, with a clear slow-down in the last few years.
12: ===Lusitania===
13: ...tanian|Pre-Roman]]''' and '''[[Lusitania|Roman Lusitania]]''''' - Hippopotamus (6778 bytes)
17: ...t other males. Male hippos challenge one another with threatening gapes.
19: ... capturing this animal was in the [[Sais, Egypt|Saite nome]] ([[Pliny's Natural History|N.H.]] 28.121)...
22: ... estimates of its actual running speed. Some web-sites claim 18 mph (30 km/h), while others record 40 ...
28: ... ranged until recently in the [[Niger River|Niger Delta]] but may now be extinct.
30: Three more species became extinct within the [[Holocene]] on [[Madagascar]], one of the... - Mummy (16225 bytes)
2: ... either natural or artificial means, has retained its physical form. This can be achieved by exposing ...
4: ... are those that have been [[embalming|embalmed]] with the specific purpose of preservation, particular...
6: ...overed from submerged [[cypress]] coffins packed with medicinal herbs.
8: ...e best-preserved mummies formed under natural conditions date from the [[Inca]] period in [[Peru]].
12: ...Persians sometimes mummified their kings and nobility in wax, though this practice has never been docu... - Aswan Dam (6375 bytes)
2: [[Aswan]] is a city on the first [[cataract]] of the [[Nile]] in [[E...
10: ...ity dam, it was 1,900 m long and 54 m high. The initial design was soon found to be inadequate and the...
12: When the dam almost overflowed in 1946 it was decided that rather than raise the dam a thir...
13: ...as designed by the Russian Zuk [[Hydroproject Institute]].
15: ...bu Simbel]]) or granted to countries that helped with the works (such as the [[Principe P�Debod temp... - Papyrus (5819 bytes)
2: ...throughout the [[History of the Mediterranean| Mediterranean]] region, as well as inland parts of [[Eu...
5: ...ry, or a writing surface. This latter usage finds its way into English in such words as ''bibliography...
7: ...;wfy''], and ''djet'' [''ḏt'']. Thus in reality, Greek ''papuros'' has no known relation to any ...
10: .... After drying, the sheet of papyrus is polished with some rounded object, possibly a stone.
11: ...|A section of the Egyptian [[Book of the Dead]] written on papyrus]] - Cyperus papyrus (4281 bytes)
15: ...belonging to the [[sedge]] family [[Cyperaceae]]. It is a [[herb]]aceous [[perennial plant|perennial]]...
17: ...ays. The flowers give way to brown, nut-like [[fruit]]s.
19: ...e base of the culms and represent reduced leaves. It is therefore untrue to call this plant "leafless"...
21: ... conditions. Like most tropical plants, it is sensitive to frost.
23: ...also occurs also in [[Madagascar]], and some [[Mediterranean]] regions such as [[Sicily]] and the [[Le... - Thebes, Egypt (3900 bytes)
2: ... a striking testimony to Egyptian civilization at its height.
4: ...[Zeus]] being the god whom the Greeks identified with [[Amun]]).
6: ...he temple of [[Karnak]], which is located in the city.
8: ...rtant temples that stood on the outskirts of the city.
10: ==Important archaeological sites in Thebes== - Isis (20790 bytes)
5: Her name literally means ''(female) of throne'', i.e. ''Queen ...
7: ...]]. Pockets of her worship remained in [[Christianity|Christian]] [[Europe]] as late as the [[6th cent...
12: ...uage|Greek]] corruption of the Egyptian name, and its pronunciation as ''eye-sis'' is a further corrup...
16: ...js.t''. As a convenience, Egyptologists pronounce it as ''ee-set'' or the more correct ''ee-sa'' (''th...
17: ...ronounced as ''(?)''-''vowel(?)''-s-''vowel''-t (with ? representing the [[glottal stop]]), and the ac... - Set (mythology) (12196 bytes)
2: ...distinguishably from ''th'' that the greeks spelt it this way, as '''Seth'''.
6: ...cted to the desert, and the other more to the institution of [[monarchy]].
8: ..., [[Ash (god)|Ash]]. It was said that Set's favourite food was [[lettuce]], as Egyptian lettuce is lon...
10: ...ated with things that were red, including people with [[ginger hair]], which is not an attribute that ...
12: ...t was identified as various [[Canaan]]ite storm deities, including [[Resheph]]. - Hathor (11883 bytes)
4: ...hor was an ancient goddess, worshipped as a cow-deity from at least [[2700 BC]], during the 2nd dynast...
6: ... so Hathor became goddess of motherhood, gaining titles such as ''The Great Cow Who Protects Her Child...
8: ...of Heaven''. Having been identified as Ra's wife, it was said she arose from from Ra's tears, and thus...
10: ...opotamus]], which the Egyptians also considered quite motherly creatures, and sometimes as an aquatic ...
12: ... her. As divine mother, she was also represented with, or as, an [[uraeus]], a stylised [[cobra (snake... - Arkansas (11679 bytes)
9: Capital = [[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]] |
11: LargestCity = [[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]] |
21: DensityRank = 34<sup>th</sup> |
22: 2000Density = 19.82 |
23: AdmittanceOrder = 25<sup>th</sup> | - California (63989 bytes)
9: Capital = [[Sacramento, California|Sacrament...
11: LargestCity = [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]]...
28: DensityRank = 12<sup>th</sup> |
29: 2000Density = 83.78 |
30: AdmittanceOrder = 31<sup>st</sup> | - West Virginia (24258 bytes)
9: Capital = [[Charleston, West Virginia|Charlesto...
10: LargestCity = [[Charleston, West Virginia|Charleston]] |
21: DensityRank = 29<sup>th</sup> |
22: 2000Density = 29.0 |
23: AdmittanceOrder = 35<sup>th</sup> | - Alexander the Great (42049 bytes)
2: ...|thumb|right|[[Bust]] of Alexander III in the [[British Museum]].]]
4: ...he Cursed''' due to his burning of the Persian capital and national library.
6: ...pears as a towering legendary [[hero]] in the tradition of [[Achilles]].
9: ...ve Alexander a thorough training in rhetoric and literature and stimulated his interest in science, me...
11: After his visit to the [[Oracle]] of Ammon at Siwah, according to... - Landform (3582 bytes)
1: ... comprises a [[geomorphology|geomorphological]] unit. [[Ocean]]s and [[continent]]s exemplify highes...
3: ...]] to [[erosion]] and [[deposition (geology)|deposition]] can generate and affect landforms. [[biolog...
42: *[[river delta|delta]]
57: *[[spit (landform)|spit]]
69: *[[river delta|delta]] - Mercury (planet) (22924 bytes)
1: ...ation]] is 28.3?). Mercury has no [[natural satellite]]s. The only [[spacecraft]] to approach Mercury ...
3: ...e greek sun god [[Helios]]. [[Pythagoras]] is credited for pointing out that they were one and the sam...
10: ...t on Mercury's surface is 6.5 times as intense as it is on Earth, a total [[irradiance]] of 9.13 ...
12: ...[[Impact crater|crater]]s, where it has been deposited by [[comet]] impacts and/or gases arising from ...
16: ...med when lava flows buried earlier terrain. In addition, Mercury has "significant" [[tidal bulge]]s, r... - Aviation history (39698 bytes)
3: ...of Babel]] story in [[The Bible]]. Nevertheless, it exemplifies man's desire to fly.
5: ...ol planes have advanced significantly as well. Initially planes were controlled by moving your entire...
9: ...er_leonardo1.jpg|thumb|left|200 px| da Vinci's Ornithopter body ]]
11: ...er_leonardo2.jpg|thumb|left|200 px| da Vinci's Ornithopter wings ]]
15: ...iderable amount of interpretation of his design, with modern knowledge of aerodynamic principles in mi... - Vietnam War (102682 bytes)
10: |Result||• Capitulation of South Vietnam<br>• Reunification o...
14: ...r />[[Image:Us flag large.png|105px|Flag of the United States]]
31: ...[[Military history of the United States]]<br>[[Military history of Vietnam]]
33: ... Mỹ Cứu Nước''', which literally means "War Against the Americans to Save th...
37: ...1954 with the Geneva Peace Accord.) The fighting with the Americans was less clear-cut. The American g... - Mississippi (15114 bytes)
9: Capital = [[Jackson, Mississippi|Jackson]] |
11: LargestCity = [[Jackson, Mississippi|Jackson]] |
21: DensityRank = 32<sup>nd</sup> |
22: 2000Density = 23.42 |
23: AdmittanceOrder = 20<sup>th</sup> | - Michigan (29427 bytes)
9: Capital = [[Lansing, Michigan|Lansing]] |
10: LargestCity = [[Detroit, Michigan|Detroit]] |
21: DensityRank = 15<sup>th</sup> |
22: 2000Density = 67.55 |
23: AdmittanceOrder = 26<sup>th</sup> | - Tropical cyclone (34538 bytes)
6: ...t from the equatorial region toward the higher latitudes.
9: ...ensation]] from water vapor condensing at high altitudes. Because of this, a tropical cyclone can be t...
11: ...aves, torrential rains and [[floods]] associated with this phenomenon.
13: ...result, when a tropical cyclone passes over land, its strength will diminish.
18: ...ly have the spiral shape of more powerful storms. It is already becoming a low-pressure system, howeve... - History of California (38344 bytes)
3: ... of the known '''history of California''' begins with European exploration.
5: ...lands and prodigious oil fields, and finally with its high-technology leadership.
10: ...e:Tunnel view.jpg|thumb|300px|California's [[Yosemite Valley]].]]
11: ...sland]] are among the traces of a very early inhabitation, dated to the last [[ice age]] ([[Wisconsin ...
13: ...ared, they found many [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] tribes living in the p... - Flood (7770 bytes)
5: ...to absorb water. When a [[rain]]fall does occur, it can sometimes result in a sudden flood of water f...
7: ... by dikes and by [[dam]]s, also prevents the deposition of silt on the rich farmlands and can result i...
12: ...itation (meteorology)|precipitation]] associated with hurricanes. The eye of a hurricane has extremely...
14: Under some rare conditions associated with [[heat wave]]s, [[flash flood]]s from quickly me...
21: ...oastal flooding has been addressed in [[Europe]] with [[coastal defense]]s, such as [[sea wall]]s and ... - Estuary (1941 bytes)
1: ...cological, economic, cultural, and aesthetic benefits and services.]]
2: ...'. In non-tidal seas, the rivers naturally form [[delta]]s rather than estuaries.
4: ...and mud banks and marshes are relied upon as [[habitat]], by for example, [[wader|wading]] [[birds]]. ...
6: ...[[Croatia]], is often called "Lim fjord" although it's not actually caused by glaciation but by land e...
13: *Pritchard, D. W. (1967) ''What is an estuary: physical... - Crossword (24761 bytes)
1: ...uch as the ''[[New York Times]]'' this is often omitted.
6: [[Image:British crossword.JPG|thumb|British-style grid]]
8: ...[Australia]], have a [[lattice]]-like structure, with a higher percentage of black squares, leaving up...
10: ...e same if the paper is turned upside down. In addition, many weekday puzzles such as the ''New York T...
12: ...''circular'' designs, with answers to be entered either radially or in concentric circles. ''Free for... - Archimedes (13735 bytes)
1: ... one of history's greatest mathematicians, along with possibly [[Isaac Newton|Newton]], [[Carl Friedri...
4: ...treets naked calling "[[eureka]]" - "I have found it!"); and to have invented the [[irrigation]] devic...
6: ...t Punic War]]. One of his inventions used for military defense of Syracuse against the invading Roman...
8: ...motionless and very close to shore for them to ignite, an unlikely scenario during a battle.
12: ...3 the area of a [[triangle (geometry)|triangle]] with equal base and height. (See the illustration be... - Tricycle (4572 bytes)
5: ...ver, [[sidecar]]s are not considered tricycles, neither are the three wheeled automobiles such as the ...
7: ...being at one end, tadpoles always understeer, and deltas always oversteer.
9: ... Higgins and Pashley are the principal makers of 'delta' pattern upright trikes in the UK. Most tadpole ...
11: ...affected by camber and,depending on the riding position, capable of very fast cornering. A few trikes ...
13: ...hese can require some major skills in extreme conditions that a velo would laugh at. - Airline (29546 bytes)
2: ...es with other airlines for reasons of mutual benefit.
7: ...and scope of airline companies ranges from those with a single airplane carrying mail or cargo, throug...
11: ...t public companies. This occurs as regulators permit greater freedom, in steps that are usually decade...
13: ...nger demand, all influenced by macroeconomic activity in the markets under study. These patterns are h...
15: ...ia, Japan, Brazil, Mexico, and other markets exhibited this trend.
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