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- List of explorers (24013 bytes)
1: ...sion]]). For the science fiction book, see [[Expedition (book)]].''
21: ...tish Empire|British]] naval officer, several expeditions to the [[Canada|Canadian]] [[Arctic]]
30: ...7]]?), [[Morocco|Moroccan]] [[Berber]] Muslim, visited [[Mecca]] several times, travelled to [[Central...
35: *[[Vitus Bering]]
36: *[[Vittorio Bottego]] (1860,1897), Italian explorer of the [[Giuba]] region in north-ea... - November 4 (10686 bytes)
2: ...n [[leap year]]s) in the [[Gregorian Calendar]], with 57 days remaining.
7: ...[[Antwerp (city)|Antwerp]] (after three days the city was nearly destroyed).
8: ...nder command of [[Dmitri Mikhailovich Pozharski|Dmitry Pozharsky]]
10: ...dinia|Sardinia]], which soon expanded to become [[Italy]].
11: ...attle]], [[Washington]] as the Territorial University - Blanche Lincoln (2886 bytes)
2: | nationality=american
5: | party=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
18: ...ratic Party|Democratic]] [[United States Senate|United States Senator]] from the State of [[Arkansas]]...
20: ...a]] in [[1982]]. She studied law at the [[University of Arkansas]].
22: ...reelection to a second term and served in the [[United States House of Representatives|House of Repres... - Heart (10132 bytes)
3: ... language|Greek]] ''kardia'' (καρδια) for "heart".
7: ...s. In adults, it weighs about 300-350 [[gram|g]]. It consists of four chambers, the two upper ''atria'...
11: ...ventricle pumps blood to the [[lung]]s. Compared with the walls of the atria, the ventricle walls are ...
13: ...ft|Anterior (frontal) view of the opened heart. White arrows indicate normal blood flow. ([[Media:Hear...
15: ...this newly oxygenated blood passes through the [[mitral valve]] to enter the left ventricle. The left... - Pancreas (4781 bytes)
1: The '''pancreas''' is a [[retroperitoneal]] organ that serves two functions:
2: * [[exocrine]] - it produces pancreatic juice containing digestive [[...
3: * [[endocrine system|endocrine]] - it produces several important [[hormone]]s
7: The pancreas is a [[retroperitoneal]] organ located posterior to the [[stomach]]...
11: ...ncreas is a small elongated organ in the abdomen. It is described as having a head, body and tail. Th... - Greek language (35285 bytes)
3: ...eece]], [[Cyprus]], south [[Albania]], [[Southern Italy]], south [[Republic of Macedonia|Former Yuglos...
13: ...]] with a documented history of some 3,000 years. It is symbolically divided in four historical period...
15: ...sation. It has been studied in schools and universities in many countries from the [[Renaissance]] onw...
17: ...estament Greek''' (after its most famous word of literature).
21: ...as 11th century). Today in its '''common''' form, it is spoken by approximately 15 million speakers wo... - Cairo (12536 bytes)
2: ...as by population|thirteenth most populous metropolitan area]] in the world. Cairo is located at 30°...
4: ...is the official name of the city, in local speech it is typically called simply by the name of the cou...
6: ...uer of the enemies". This title was given to the city as many armies were destroyed in attempts to inv...
7: [[Image:EgyptAlQahirah.png|thumb|200px|Egypt, with Cairo [[Governorates of Egypt|governorate]] high...
10: ...G|thumb|200px|right|Average temperature and precipitations in Cairo]] - Egypt (18830 bytes)
24: | '''[[Capital]] and Largest City'''
36: ...tal (2003) <br /> - [[Population density|Density]]
40: | from the [[United Kingdom|UK]]<br />[[28 February]], [[1922]]<br ...
58: ... It is bordered to the north and east by the [[Mediterranean Sea]] and the [[Red Sea]], respectively.
60: ...f the [[Sahara]] [[Desert]] and are sparsely inhabited. - History of ancient Egypt (28563 bytes)
3: ...ified Egyptian state]] formed around [[3300 BC]]. It survived as an independent state until about [[13...
29: ...ple who settled there must have realized the benefits of a more sedentary life. Scientific analysis of...
31: ...netic]] study links the maternal lineage of a traditional population from Upper Egypt to [[Eastern Afr...
33: ...pt reached the peak of its power, wealth, and territorial extent in the period called the New Empire (...
35: ...e invaded by [[Indo-European]]s and [[Hyksos]] Semites. They defeated the invaders around 1570 BC and ... - Middle Kingdom of Egypt (5374 bytes)
5: ... to the [[First Intermediate Period]]. Some authorities point to cultural differences between the Elev...
8: ...n of Mentuhotep IV. This explains the smooth transition of power as a palace coup by Amenemhat that re...
10: ...hout the Twelfth dynasty and provided great stability.
12: ...f his father to recapture [[Nubia]] and other territories lost during the First Intermediate Period. T...
14: ...rnment though) and established trade connections with Nubia and a war seems to be conducted in the [[L... - Second Intermediate Period of Egypt (3576 bytes)
2: ...tart of the [[New Kingdom of Egypt|New Kingdom]]. It is best known as when the [[Hyksos]] made their a...
4: ... western Delta, broke away from the central authority to form the [[Fourteenth dynasty of Egypt|Fourte...
6: ...ls, and are known primarily by scarabs inscribed with their names, called by modern [[Egyptologist]]s ...
8: ...tep IV, the power of this dynasty, weak to begin with, deteriorated. The later king [[Merneferre Ai]] ...
10: ...on credited with the final defeat of the Hyksos. With the [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt|Eighteenth Dyn... - Conventional Egyptian chronology (10774 bytes)
7: ...tes or even several whole chronologies as possibilities. Consequently, there may be discrepancies betw...
9: It should be noted that there is a 60 year discrepan...
15: ...Predynastic Egypt is from [http://xoomer.virgilio.it/francescoraf/ Late Predynastic and Early Dynastic...
17: * The dates of Dynasties 11 to 20 are from Kitchen, "The Basics of Egyptian Chronology in Relati...
18: * The dates of Dynasties 21 to 26 are from Kitchen, ''Third Intermediate Period in Egypt'' (1973... - Nile (13738 bytes)
2: ... 830|3 400 000|[[Africa]]|the [[Mediterranean]]||[[Uganda]] - [[Sudan]] - [[Egypt]]}}
8: ...gamma;υπτος), which itself is the source of the name "Egypt".
12: ...bara River]] in [[Sudan]] all the way to the [[Mediterranean Sea]].
14: ... a length of approximately 5584 km (3470 miles). It drains approximately 2.8 million to 3.4 million k...
20: There are two great branches of the Nile: the White Nile, from equatorial East Africa, and the Blue ... - Nigeria (19231 bytes)
1: ...ntry's name is unrelated to its African heritage; it was proposed by a ''[[The Times|Times]]'' article...
14: ... top;" colspan=2 | <small>''[[National motto]]: Unity and Strength, Peace and Progress''</small>
21: | '''[[Capital]]'''
24: | '''[[Largest city]]'''
33: ...l ([[2004]]) <br> - [[Population density|Density]] - Netherlands (35958 bytes)
1: ... became a mere province of the Kingdom and was split into North and South Holland in [[1840]]. There a...
15: capital = [[Amsterdam]]. [[The Hague]] is the seat of g...
17: largest_city = [[Amsterdam]] |
18: government_type= [[Democracy|Dem.]] [[Constitution|const.]] [[monarchy]] |
19: leader_titles = [[Dutch monarch|Queen]]<br>[[Prime minister ... - Iraq (19222 bytes)
1: ...ed by the United Nations Secretary General and politicians in both the USA and the UK (as reported by ...
19: | '''[[Capital]]''' || [[Baghdad]]
27: ... (July 2004) <br> - [[Population density|Density]] || [[List of countries by population|Ranked 44...
30: ...[3 October]] [[1932]] from the [[United Kingdom|British]]
44: | '''[[State religion]]'''<br>''(Citizens have [[Freedom of religion|religious freedom... - People's Republic of China (40848 bytes)
1: ... remains a one-party [[authoritarian]] state from its true communist days.
4: ...independent state]]. See '''[[China]]''' and [[Political status of Taiwan]] for more information.
6: ...'''", especially by its political opponents and critics, in reference to the association between the c...
13: ...China]] and the [[Kuomintang]] ended in [[1949]] with the Communists in control of [[mainland China]] ...
15: ...in jumpstarting China's development and purifying its culture. Supporters may also doubt statistics or... - Romania (19812 bytes)
1: ...nd southern [[Carpathians]] mountains run through its center.<!--
12: ...Romania|Royal]] motto: "Nihil Sine Deo" (Nothing without God)|
16: capital = [[Bucharest]] |
18: largest_city = [[Bucharest]] |
19: leader_titles = [[President of Romania|President]] <br> [[Pr... - Tanzania (17411 bytes)
1: ...wi]] and [[Mozambique]] on the south. To the east it borders the [[Indian Ocean]].<!--
11: ... = Uhuru na Umoja ([[Swahili]]: Freedom and Unity) |
15: capital = [[Dodoma]] ([[Dar es Salaam]...
18: leader_titles = [[List of Presidents of Tanzania|...
20: largest_city = [[Dar-es-Salaam]] | - Bangladesh (29715 bytes)
1: ...on land it borders [[India]] and [[Myanmar]], and it is a close neighbor to [[China]], [[Thailand]], [...
19: | '''[[Capital]]''' || [[Dhaka]]
30: ...uly [[2004]] est.)<br> - [[Population density|Density]]
47: | '''[[National Fruit]]''' || [[Jackfruit]]
65: ...Northern Bangladesh has several sites of mass architecture, in the form of [[temple]]s and monasteries... - Vietnam (18265 bytes)
1: ...theast Asia]]. Situated in eastern [[Indochina]], it borders [[China]], [[Laos]], [[Cambodia]], and th...
6: ...overeignty for both sides. American troops were withdrawn by [[March 29]], 1973.
8: ...enacted [[War Powers Resolution]] prevented the United States from defending South Vietnam. [[Fall of ...
14: == Politics ==
15: ''Main article: [[Politics of Vietnam|Politics of Vietnam]]'' - Ukraine (22193 bytes)
3: ...resent borders were only established in [[1954]]. It became independent once more following the [[fall...
24: | '''[[Capital]]''' || [[Kiev]] ({{lang-ua|''Kyiv''}})
32: ...tal ([[2004]])<br> [[Population density|Density]] || [[List of countries by population|ranked 25...
34: .../> - GDP/capita (PPP) <br /> - GDP/capita (Nominal)
35: ...,748 ([[List of countries by GDP (Nominal) per capita|107th]]) - Portugal (61755 bytes)
1: ...ddition, Portugal includes several [[island]] territories in the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]], such as ...
5: ...th centuries]], Portugal was a major economic, political, and cultural power. The [[Portuguese Empire]...
7: ...and economic progress in the subsequent decades, with a clear slow-down in the last few years.
12: ===Lusitania===
13: ...tanian|Pre-Roman]]''' and '''[[Lusitania|Roman Lusitania]]''''' - Hippopotamus (6778 bytes)
17: ...t other males. Male hippos challenge one another with threatening gapes.
19: ... capturing this animal was in the [[Sais, Egypt|Saite nome]] ([[Pliny's Natural History|N.H.]] 28.121)...
22: ... estimates of its actual running speed. Some web-sites claim 18 mph (30 km/h), while others record 40 ...
28: ... ranged until recently in the [[Niger River|Niger Delta]] but may now be extinct.
30: Three more species became extinct within the [[Holocene]] on [[Madagascar]], one of the... - Mummy (16225 bytes)
2: ... either natural or artificial means, has retained its physical form. This can be achieved by exposing ...
4: ... are those that have been [[embalming|embalmed]] with the specific purpose of preservation, particular...
6: ...overed from submerged [[cypress]] coffins packed with medicinal herbs.
8: ...e best-preserved mummies formed under natural conditions date from the [[Inca]] period in [[Peru]].
12: ...Persians sometimes mummified their kings and nobility in wax, though this practice has never been docu... - Aswan Dam (6375 bytes)
2: [[Aswan]] is a city on the first [[cataract]] of the [[Nile]] in [[E...
10: ...ity dam, it was 1,900 m long and 54 m high. The initial design was soon found to be inadequate and the...
12: When the dam almost overflowed in 1946 it was decided that rather than raise the dam a thir...
13: ...as designed by the Russian Zuk [[Hydroproject Institute]].
15: ...bu Simbel]]) or granted to countries that helped with the works (such as the [[Principe P�Debod temp... - Papyrus (5819 bytes)
2: ...throughout the [[History of the Mediterranean| Mediterranean]] region, as well as inland parts of [[Eu...
5: ...ry, or a writing surface. This latter usage finds its way into English in such words as ''bibliography...
7: ...;wfy''], and ''djet'' [''ḏt'']. Thus in reality, Greek ''papuros'' has no known relation to any ...
10: .... After drying, the sheet of papyrus is polished with some rounded object, possibly a stone.
11: ...|A section of the Egyptian [[Book of the Dead]] written on papyrus]] - Cyperus papyrus (4281 bytes)
15: ...belonging to the [[sedge]] family [[Cyperaceae]]. It is a [[herb]]aceous [[perennial plant|perennial]]...
17: ...ays. The flowers give way to brown, nut-like [[fruit]]s.
19: ...e base of the culms and represent reduced leaves. It is therefore untrue to call this plant "leafless"...
21: ... conditions. Like most tropical plants, it is sensitive to frost.
23: ...also occurs also in [[Madagascar]], and some [[Mediterranean]] regions such as [[Sicily]] and the [[Le... - Thebes, Egypt (3900 bytes)
2: ... a striking testimony to Egyptian civilization at its height.
4: ...[Zeus]] being the god whom the Greeks identified with [[Amun]]).
6: ...he temple of [[Karnak]], which is located in the city.
8: ...rtant temples that stood on the outskirts of the city.
10: ==Important archaeological sites in Thebes== - Isis (20790 bytes)
5: Her name literally means ''(female) of throne'', i.e. ''Queen ...
7: ...]]. Pockets of her worship remained in [[Christianity|Christian]] [[Europe]] as late as the [[6th cent...
12: ...uage|Greek]] corruption of the Egyptian name, and its pronunciation as ''eye-sis'' is a further corrup...
16: ...js.t''. As a convenience, Egyptologists pronounce it as ''ee-set'' or the more correct ''ee-sa'' (''th...
17: ...ronounced as ''(?)''-''vowel(?)''-s-''vowel''-t (with ? representing the [[glottal stop]]), and the ac... - Set (mythology) (12196 bytes)
2: ...distinguishably from ''th'' that the greeks spelt it this way, as '''Seth'''.
6: ...cted to the desert, and the other more to the institution of [[monarchy]].
8: ..., [[Ash (god)|Ash]]. It was said that Set's favourite food was [[lettuce]], as Egyptian lettuce is lon...
10: ...ated with things that were red, including people with [[ginger hair]], which is not an attribute that ...
12: ...t was identified as various [[Canaan]]ite storm deities, including [[Resheph]]. - Hathor (11883 bytes)
4: ...hor was an ancient goddess, worshipped as a cow-deity from at least [[2700 BC]], during the 2nd dynast...
6: ... so Hathor became goddess of motherhood, gaining titles such as ''The Great Cow Who Protects Her Child...
8: ...of Heaven''. Having been identified as Ra's wife, it was said she arose from from Ra's tears, and thus...
10: ...opotamus]], which the Egyptians also considered quite motherly creatures, and sometimes as an aquatic ...
12: ... her. As divine mother, she was also represented with, or as, an [[uraeus]], a stylised [[cobra (snake... - Arkansas (11679 bytes)
9: Capital = [[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]] |
11: LargestCity = [[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]] |
21: DensityRank = 34<sup>th</sup> |
22: 2000Density = 19.82 |
23: AdmittanceOrder = 25<sup>th</sup> | - California (63989 bytes)
9: Capital = [[Sacramento, California|Sacrament...
11: LargestCity = [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]]...
28: DensityRank = 12<sup>th</sup> |
29: 2000Density = 83.78 |
30: AdmittanceOrder = 31<sup>st</sup> | - West Virginia (24258 bytes)
9: Capital = [[Charleston, West Virginia|Charlesto...
10: LargestCity = [[Charleston, West Virginia|Charleston]] |
21: DensityRank = 29<sup>th</sup> |
22: 2000Density = 29.0 |
23: AdmittanceOrder = 35<sup>th</sup> | - Alexander the Great (42049 bytes)
2: ...|thumb|right|[[Bust]] of Alexander III in the [[British Museum]].]]
4: ...he Cursed''' due to his burning of the Persian capital and national library.
6: ...pears as a towering legendary [[hero]] in the tradition of [[Achilles]].
9: ...ve Alexander a thorough training in rhetoric and literature and stimulated his interest in science, me...
11: After his visit to the [[Oracle]] of Ammon at Siwah, according to... - Landform (3582 bytes)
1: ... comprises a [[geomorphology|geomorphological]] unit. [[Ocean]]s and [[continent]]s exemplify highes...
3: ...]] to [[erosion]] and [[deposition (geology)|deposition]] can generate and affect landforms. [[biolog...
42: *[[river delta|delta]]
57: *[[spit (landform)|spit]]
69: *[[river delta|delta]] - Mercury (planet) (22924 bytes)
1: ...ation]] is 28.3?). Mercury has no [[natural satellite]]s. The only [[spacecraft]] to approach Mercury ...
3: ...e greek sun god [[Helios]]. [[Pythagoras]] is credited for pointing out that they were one and the sam...
10: ...t on Mercury's surface is 6.5 times as intense as it is on Earth, a total [[irradiance]] of 9.13 ...
12: ...[[Impact crater|crater]]s, where it has been deposited by [[comet]] impacts and/or gases arising from ...
16: ...med when lava flows buried earlier terrain. In addition, Mercury has "significant" [[tidal bulge]]s, r... - Aviation history (39698 bytes)
3: ...of Babel]] story in [[The Bible]]. Nevertheless, it exemplifies man's desire to fly.
5: ...ol planes have advanced significantly as well. Initially planes were controlled by moving your entire...
9: ...er_leonardo1.jpg|thumb|left|200 px| da Vinci's Ornithopter body ]]
11: ...er_leonardo2.jpg|thumb|left|200 px| da Vinci's Ornithopter wings ]]
15: ...iderable amount of interpretation of his design, with modern knowledge of aerodynamic principles in mi... - Vietnam War (102682 bytes)
10: |Result||• Capitulation of South Vietnam<br>• Reunification o...
14: ...r />[[Image:Us flag large.png|105px|Flag of the United States]]
31: ...[[Military history of the United States]]<br>[[Military history of Vietnam]]
33: ... Mỹ Cứu Nước''', which literally means "War Against the Americans to Save th...
37: ...1954 with the Geneva Peace Accord.) The fighting with the Americans was less clear-cut. The American g... - Mississippi (15114 bytes)
9: Capital = [[Jackson, Mississippi|Jackson]] |
11: LargestCity = [[Jackson, Mississippi|Jackson]] |
21: DensityRank = 32<sup>nd</sup> |
22: 2000Density = 23.42 |
23: AdmittanceOrder = 20<sup>th</sup> | - Michigan (29427 bytes)
9: Capital = [[Lansing, Michigan|Lansing]] |
10: LargestCity = [[Detroit, Michigan|Detroit]] |
21: DensityRank = 15<sup>th</sup> |
22: 2000Density = 67.55 |
23: AdmittanceOrder = 26<sup>th</sup> | - Tropical cyclone (34538 bytes)
6: ...t from the equatorial region toward the higher latitudes.
9: ...ensation]] from water vapor condensing at high altitudes. Because of this, a tropical cyclone can be t...
11: ...aves, torrential rains and [[floods]] associated with this phenomenon.
13: ...result, when a tropical cyclone passes over land, its strength will diminish.
18: ...ly have the spiral shape of more powerful storms. It is already becoming a low-pressure system, howeve... - History of California (38344 bytes)
3: ... of the known '''history of California''' begins with European exploration.
5: ...lands and prodigious oil fields, and finally with its high-technology leadership.
10: ...e:Tunnel view.jpg|thumb|300px|California's [[Yosemite Valley]].]]
11: ...sland]] are among the traces of a very early inhabitation, dated to the last [[ice age]] ([[Wisconsin ...
13: ...ared, they found many [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] tribes living in the p... - Flood (7770 bytes)
5: ...to absorb water. When a [[rain]]fall does occur, it can sometimes result in a sudden flood of water f...
7: ... by dikes and by [[dam]]s, also prevents the deposition of silt on the rich farmlands and can result i...
12: ...itation (meteorology)|precipitation]] associated with hurricanes. The eye of a hurricane has extremely...
14: Under some rare conditions associated with [[heat wave]]s, [[flash flood]]s from quickly me...
21: ...oastal flooding has been addressed in [[Europe]] with [[coastal defense]]s, such as [[sea wall]]s and ... - Estuary (1941 bytes)
1: ...cological, economic, cultural, and aesthetic benefits and services.]]
2: ...'. In non-tidal seas, the rivers naturally form [[delta]]s rather than estuaries.
4: ...and mud banks and marshes are relied upon as [[habitat]], by for example, [[wader|wading]] [[birds]]. ...
6: ...[[Croatia]], is often called "Lim fjord" although it's not actually caused by glaciation but by land e...
13: *Pritchard, D. W. (1967) ''What is an estuary: physical... - Crossword (24761 bytes)
1: ...uch as the ''[[New York Times]]'' this is often omitted.
6: [[Image:British crossword.JPG|thumb|British-style grid]]
8: ...[Australia]], have a [[lattice]]-like structure, with a higher percentage of black squares, leaving up...
10: ...e same if the paper is turned upside down. In addition, many weekday puzzles such as the ''New York T...
12: ...''circular'' designs, with answers to be entered either radially or in concentric circles. ''Free for... - Archimedes (13735 bytes)
1: ... one of history's greatest mathematicians, along with possibly [[Isaac Newton|Newton]], [[Carl Friedri...
4: ...treets naked calling "[[eureka]]" - "I have found it!"); and to have invented the [[irrigation]] devic...
6: ...t Punic War]]. One of his inventions used for military defense of Syracuse against the invading Roman...
8: ...motionless and very close to shore for them to ignite, an unlikely scenario during a battle.
12: ...3 the area of a [[triangle (geometry)|triangle]] with equal base and height. (See the illustration be... - Tricycle (4572 bytes)
5: ...ver, [[sidecar]]s are not considered tricycles, neither are the three wheeled automobiles such as the ...
7: ...being at one end, tadpoles always understeer, and deltas always oversteer.
9: ... Higgins and Pashley are the principal makers of 'delta' pattern upright trikes in the UK. Most tadpole ...
11: ...affected by camber and,depending on the riding position, capable of very fast cornering. A few trikes ...
13: ...hese can require some major skills in extreme conditions that a velo would laugh at. - Airline (29546 bytes)
2: ...es with other airlines for reasons of mutual benefit.
7: ...and scope of airline companies ranges from those with a single airplane carrying mail or cargo, throug...
11: ...t public companies. This occurs as regulators permit greater freedom, in steps that are usually decade...
13: ...nger demand, all influenced by macroeconomic activity in the markets under study. These patterns are h...
15: ...ia, Japan, Brazil, Mexico, and other markets exhibited this trend. - Nutrition (42689 bytes)
1: ...yramid]], published in [[2005]], is a general nutrition guide for recommended [[food]] consumption.]]
2: ...hich studies the relationship between [[diet (nutrition)|diet]] and states of [[health]] and [[disease...
4: ...ch may lead to diseases such as [[scurvy]], [[obesity]] or [[osteoporosis]], as well as psychological ...
5: The science of nutrition attempts to understand how and why specific di...
8: ...s]]/[[vitamins]], [[phospholipids]], [[hydroxyapatite]]), both in the [[human body]] and in organisms ... - Mastodon (1620 bytes)
14: ...mu;αστός and ὀδούς, "nipple tooth"), and is... - Aircraft (13315 bytes)
15: ...rents. For a glider to maintain its forward speed it must descend in relation to the air (but not nece...
18: ...teering itself, while balloons are carried along with the wind.
41: ...ty by use of [[vertical]] [[thrust]] greater than its [[weight]].
45: ...al airfoils produce [[lift (force)|lift]], by profiting from airflow patterns determined by [[Bernoull...
47: ...d upon the tension between the cord which anchors it to the ground and the force of the [[wind]] curre... - Steamboat (11603 bytes)
1: ...40px|Paddle steamers - [[Lake Lucerne|Lucerne]]-Switzerland]]
15: ...ception to the threat to their trade, and smashed it up.
17: ...e his own engine and in [[1763]] attempted to put it in a boat. The boat sank, and while he made an im...
21: ...ware River]], but then patent disputes dissuaded Fitch from continuing.
23: ...velopment was taken up both in [[United Kingdom|Britain]] and abroad. - Pirate Ship (44502 bytes)
1: ...-state actors, authorized by their national authorities, until this form of [[commerce raiding]] was o...
3: == Definition ==
4: ...net/article/piracy-challenges-global-governance |title=Piracy challenges global governance |date=2009-...
10: ...d as [[slave]]s.<ref>[http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/Parliament/2587/trade.html Phoenician Econo...
12: ...f superiority and good cheer throughout his captivity. When the pirates decided to demand a ransom of ... - Ferdinand Magellan (19348 bytes)
2: ... [[Pacific Ocean]], and the first to lead an expedition for the purpose of [[circumnavigation|circumna...
5: ...agalh㥳, the mayor of the town, and Alda de Mesquita, Magellan had two siblings: his brother Diogo de...
7: ...ere his brother had gone two years before. Here, with his cousin Francisco Serrano, Magellan continued...
9: ...eida's party attacked, conquering the [[Muslim]] city of [[Kilwa]] in present-day [[Tanzania]].
11: ...n]]. However, after secretly sailing a ship east without permission, he lost his command and was force... - Film speed (5065 bytes)
1: ...with higher sensitivity can shoot the same scene with a shorter exposure and is called a ''fast film''...
4: ...on (ISO)]] defines both a linear scale and a logarithmic scale for measuring film speed.
6: ...a film rated ISO 200/24° is twice as sensitive as a film rated ISO 100/21°.
18: ! with this nominal speed
110: | Ilford Delta 3200 <small>(see text below)</small> - Sacramento, California (21190 bytes)
2: ...apital]] of the [[U.S. state]] of [[California]]. It was founded in [[December]] [[1848]] by [[John Su...
4: {{Infobox City |
13: leader_title = [[Mayor]] |
15: area_magnitude = 1 E8 |
20: ...[List of metropolitan areas by population|metropolitan area]]) | - Lansing, Michigan (6961 bytes)
1: [[Image:CapitolMichigan.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Capitol Building]]
2: ...chigan|Eaton County]]. As of the [[2000]] census, it has a population of 119,128.
5: {{Template:US City infobox|
6: city = Lansing |
19: city pop = 119,128| - Salt Lake City, Utah (41550 bytes)
1: ... [[2002 Winter Olympic Games]]. It is Salt Lake City's top tourist draw]]
2: ...he Salt Lake City-[[Ogden, Utah|Ogden]] [[metropolitan area]], defined as [[Salt Lake County, Utah|Sal...
4: ...oor. Named after nearby [[Great Salt Lake]], the city is separated from the lake's shore by [[marsh]]e...
6: ...ecame known as the "Crossroads of the West". The city has developed a strong tourism industry and was ...
8: ...cil government]]. The current mayor of Salt Lake City is [[Rocky Anderson]]. - White Pelican (1934 bytes)
1: {{Taxobox begin | color = pink | name = White Pelican}}
2: ...:pelican.great.white.arp.750pix.jpg|200px|Great White Pelican at Combe Martin Wildlife and Dinosaur Pa...
15: ...talus'') is a [[bird]] in the [[pelican]] family. It breeds from southeastern [[Europe]] through [[Asi...
17: ...elican]] by its pure white, rather than greyish-white, plumage, a bare pink facial patch around the ey...
19: ...ica]]. In flight, it is an elegant soaring bird, with the neck is then held back like a [[heron|heron'... - Hyksos (23575 bytes)
2: ...h dynasty of Egypt|Thirteenth Dynasty]], whose capital was near [[Memphis, Egypt|Memphis]], and formed...
4: ...s of warfare into Egypt, most notably the [[composite bow]], the horse, and the horse-drawn [[chariot]...
6: ...ll objects, and [[Manetho]]'s history of Egypt, written during the time of [[Ptolemy II]].
9: ... they are specifically called Hyksos by Manetho. It is generally agreed that these six Hyksos kings o...
11: ...porters, and the Hyksos are widely regarded as Semitic. - Adriatic Sea (5830 bytes)
3: ...an Sea]] separating the [[Apennine peninsula]] ([[Italy]]) from the [[Balkan peninsula]], and the syst...
5: The western coast is [[Italy|Italian]], while the eastern coast runs along the co...
11: ...s, it is ''Mare Adriatico'' in [[Italian language|Italian]], ''Jadransko morje'' in [[Slovenian langua...
13: ...6), but was gradually extended as the [[Syracuse, Italy|Syracusan]] colonies gained in importance.
20: ...tranto]], through which it connects at the south with the Ionian Sea, is only 45 miles (72 km) wide. - Sandstone (3252 bytes)
2: ...much of the North American West is well-known for its red sandstones.
6: ...stones or other rocks fractured from seismic activity.
10: ...ceous'' sediments, as are also [[clay]]s. Rocks with larger grainsizes include both [[breccia]]s and ...
12: .... Principal environments of deposition may be split between terrestrial and marine, as illustrated by...
20: # [[River delta|Deltas]] - Coast (8529 bytes)
5: ...f an island or continent that borders an ocean or its saltwater tributaries. A pelagic coast simply r...
7: ...tion]], with many scientific and government authorities in various countries differing for economic an...
11: ...e. Salt marshes and beaches also support a diversity of plants, animals, and insects crucial to the [...
13: ...ch shapes them, coasts are a dynamic environment with constant change. The earth's natural processes,...
17: ...oblems of land use and reduced natural coastal habitat. - River (12397 bytes)
2: ...ng the umbrella term used in the scientific community for all flowing natural waterways. In the verna...
4: ...ly widens at its end and forms what is known as a delta or estuary.
7: ...of [[sediment]] develop conspicuous [[river delta|delta]]s at their mouths. Rivers whose mouths are in sa...
9: ...e often used for recreational purposes (''see [[Whitewater kayaking]]''). Waterfalls are sometimes use...
11: ...vers begin at their [[source]] in higher ground, either rising from a [[spring (water)|spring]], formi... - Moon (37975 bytes)
7: <small><font color="white">The Moon as seen from Earth</font></small>
9: ! bgcolor="#ffc0c0" colspan="2" | [[Orbit]]al characteristics
12: ...00 [[kilometre|km]]<br />(0.0026 [[Astronomical unit|AU]])
14: ! align="left" | Orbital [[circumference]]
17: ! align="left" | [[Eccentricity (orbit)|Eccentricity]] - Boron (9084 bytes)
10: {{Elementbox_density_gpcm3nrt | 2.34 }}
11: {{Elementbox_densityliq_gpcm3mp | 2.08 }}
16: {{Elementbox_heatcapacity_jpmolkat25 | 11.087 }}
44: ... scale) and a bad conductor in room temperatures. It is never found free in nature.
47: ...often behave as [[Lewis acid]]s, readily bonding with electron-rich substances in an attempt to quench... - Copper (13595 bytes)
1: <!-- Here is a table of data; skip past it to edit the text. -->{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellsp...
20: | [[transition metal]]s
25: | [[Density]], [[Mohs hardness scale|Hardness]]
34: | 63.546 [[Atomic mass unit|amu]]
63: | 1357.6 [[Kelvin|K]] (1984.3 ?[[Fahrenheit|F]]) - Plutonium (24623 bytes)
1: <!-- Here is a table of data; skip past it to edit the text. -->
25: | [[Density]], [[Mohs hardness scale|Hardness]]
29: | align="center" | silvery white metal<br>
47: ...Radon|Rn]]<nowiki>]</nowiki>5f<sup>6</sup>7[[S-orbital|s]]<sup>2</sup>
64: | 912.5 [[Kelvin|K]] (1182.9 [[Fahrenheit|?F]]) - Democracy (24363 bytes)
1: {{politics}}
2: ...concepts transcend and often occur concomitantly with other types.
4: ...micron;κρατ�mp;alpha; from δημος meaning "the people," ...
6: ==Real world meaning and definition==
10: ...ather than voting for representatives as is seen with modern democracy. - Himalaya (16334 bytes)
1: ...y]] ''Himalaya'' means "abode of snow" in [[Sanskrit]] ( from ''hima'' "snow", and ''aalaya'' "abode")...
3: ...ublic of China|China]], [[Bhutan]] and [[Nepal]]. It is the source of two of the world's major [[river...
10: ...r Himalaya'' and is also the oldest of the three. It has an elevation of more than 6000 m and contains...
12: ... and altitude. While the sub-Himalayan range exhibits [[deciduous]] forests, the vegetation graduates ...
14: The [[states and territories of India|Indian states]] of [[Jammu and Kash... - Catahoula Leopard Dog (4794 bytes)
22: |[[United States]]
30: |[[United Kennel Club|UKC]]: || Herding Dog Breeds
48: [[Image:CatahoulaLitter wb.jpg|thumb|150px|left|Litter of Catahoulas showing wide variety of coat col...
51: ...oulas have been bred more for temperament and ability than for appearance. As a result, the physical ...
56: ...nement on the owner's property, and an outlet for its energy. - Island (4674 bytes)
2: ...led '''[[islet]]s'''. Although seldom adhered to, it is also proper to call an emergent land feature o...
6: ...nd''. The letter "s" was added to attempt to link it to the [[Latin]] ''insula'' (which is not etymolo...
16: ...where the current loses some of its carrying capacity. In essence, they are river [[bar (landform)|bar...
23: ...uthernmost chain is the [[Austral Islands]], with its northerly trending part the atolls in the nation...
25: ...s a new island. Atolls are typically ring-shaped with a central, shallow [[lagoon]]. Examples include ... - History of Greek and Roman Egypt (25856 bytes)
3: ...xander the Great]] brought '''Egypt within the orbit of the Greek world''' for the next 900 years. Aft...
8: ... new Greek city, [[Alexandria]], to be the new capital. The wealth of Egypt could now be harnessed for...
12: ...renice IV. [[Cleopatra VII]] officially co-ruled with [[Ptolemy XIII of Egypt|Ptolemy XIII]], [[Ptolem...
14: ... had been in Greece. The Egyptians were rarely admitted to the higher levels of Greek culture, in whic...
17: ...the coalition against him. In [[312 BC]], allied with [[Seleucus]], the ruler of [[Babylonia]], he def... - Hipparchus (astronomer) (50785 bytes)
4: ...pyists. As a consequence, we know comparatively little about Hipparchus.
8: ..."the great treatise"; ed. [Toomer 1981]), with additional references to him by [[Pappus of Alexandria]...
10: ...lpha;''), [[ancient history|ancient]] district [[Bithynia]], (modern-day [[İznik, Turkey|İzn...
14: ...[Babylon]], but it is not known if and when he visited these places.
16: ... show him with a [[globe]]; this confirms the tradition that he was born there. - Benjamin Harrison (11469 bytes)
15: <tr><td>'''[[First Lady of the United States|First Ladies]]:'''</td><td>[[Caroline Ha...
18: ...e United States|Political Party]]:'''</td><td>[[United States Republican Party|Republican]]</td></tr>
19: <tr><td>'''[[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]]:'''</td><td>[[Levi P. M...
22: ...ident of the United States|President]] of the [[United States]].
26: ...s, Indiana|Indianapolis]] in [[1854]]. He was admitted to the bar and became reporter of the decision... - Dan Quayle (12089 bytes)
2: |+ style="margin-left: inherit; font-size: larger;" | '''Dan Quayle'''
27: | [[Publisher]], politician
29: ! [[Political party|Political Party]]:
30: | [[United States Republican Party|Republican]]
32: ! [[President of the United States|President]]: - Hippopotamuses (6272 bytes)
17: ...t other males. Male hippos challenge one another with threatening gapes.
19: ... capturing this animal was in the [[Sais, Egypt|Saite nome]] ([[Pliny's Natural History|N.H.]] 28.121)...
23: ... estimates of its actual running speed. Some web-sites claim 18 mph (30 km/h), while others record 40 ...
29: ... ranged until recently in the [[Niger River|Niger Delta]] but may now be extinct.
31: Three more species became extinct within the [[Holocene]] on [[Madagascar]], one of the... - Hipparchus (50784 bytes)
3: ...pyists. As a consequence, we know comparatively little about Hipparchus.
7: ..."the great treatise"; ed. [Toomer 1981]), with additional references to him by [[Pappus of Alexandria]...
9: ...lpha;''), [[ancient history|ancient]] district [[Bithynia]], (modern-day [[İznik, Turkey|İzn...
13: ...[Babylon]], but it is not known if and when he visited these places.
15: ... show him with a [[globe]]; this confirms the tradition that he was born there. - History of Ancient Egypt (27975 bytes)
3: ...ified Egyptian state]] formed around [[3300 BC]]. It survived as an independent state until about [[13...
29: ...ple who settled there must have realized the benefits of a more sedentary life. Scientific analysis of...
31: ...netic]] study links the maternal lineage of a traditional population from Upper Egypt to [[Eastern Afr...
33: ...pt reached the peak of its power, wealth, and territorial extent in the period called the New Empire (...
35: ...e invaded by [[Indo-European]]s and [[Hyksos]] Semites. They defeated the invaders around 1570 BC and ... - George W. Bush (64926 bytes)
1: ...ily]], which includes his grandfather (former [[United States Senate|U.S. Senator]] [[Prescott Bush]])...
3: | nationality=american
16: | party=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
19: ...sident]] [[Al Gore]] of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] in a particularly [[...
22: ...and]] and [[Houston, Texas|Houston]], [[Texas]], with his siblings: Jeb, [[Neil Bush|Neil]], [[Marvin ... - Sauroposeidon (9157 bytes)
17: ...idon''''' (meaning "[[earthquake]] [[lizard]]-[[deity|god]]") is an Early [[Cretaceous]] [[sauropod]] ...
20: :"It's truly astonishing. It's arguably the largest creature ever to walk the ...
23: ...rgentinosaurus]]'' are better candidates for the title "World's Largest Dinosaur", though weak [[fossi...
25: ...the [[bone]]s revealed that they are honeycombed with tiny air cells, and are very thin, like the bone...
27: ...he ''Sauroposeidon'' would be difficult due to limited remains. - Wonders of the Ancient World (11560 bytes)
3: ...mber seven was chosen because the Greeks believed it to be the representation of perfection and plenty...
8: ...]], made early lists of Seven wonders but their writings have not survived, except as references. The ...
20: ... the [[Middle Ages]]—by which time many of the sites were no longer in existence. Today, the only a...
24: ...have existed during the [[Middle Ages]], although it is unlikely that these lists originated at that t...
26: ...Wonders of the Middle Ages, Medieval Mind and Architectural Wonders of the Middle Ages. - Space Shuttle program (41074 bytes)
1: ...ssions only, the external fuel tank was painted white. Subsequent missions have featured an orange fue...
2: ...icle]] currently in service. The Space Shuttle orbiter was manufactured by [[North American Rockwell]]...
4: ... to Earth, this capacity has not been used often; it is, however, an important use of the Space Shuttl...
10: ...Telescope]] (HST) are impractical, because the Orbiter is incapable of reaching both HST and ISS durin...
12: ...ting assembly of the ISS in [[2010]], after which it will be replaced by the yet-to-be-developed [[Cre... - Virgo (3620 bytes)
4: genitive = Virginis |
12: starmagnitude = 1.0 |
28: ...ations in the sky. It can be easily found through its bright α star, Spica.
31: ...o's hand. Spica makes it easy to locate Virgo, as it can be found by following the curve of the [[Ursa...
33: ...beta; Vir), [[Porrima]] (γ Vir), [[Auva]] (δ Vir) and [[Vindemiatrix]] (ε Vir). Other... - Scorpius (3888 bytes)
2: ...ra]] to the west and [[Sagittarius]] to the east. It is a large constellation located in the southern ...
6: ...affias]] (β<sup>1</sup> Sco), [[Dschubba]] (δ Sco), [[Sargas]] (θ Sco), [[Shaula]] (&lam...
10: Due to its location on the Milky Way, this constellation co...
14: ...is almost opposite to Scorpius in the night sky. It has been suggested that this was a divine precaut...
16: ...scorpion was also placed up there, and every time it appears on the horizon, Orion starts to sink into... - Aquarius (4770 bytes)
5: genitive = Aquarii |
13: starmagnitude = 2.9 |
17: *[[Delta Aquarids]] (June 28)
33: ...n often called the [[Sea (astronomy)|Sea]] due to its profusion of watery constellations such as [[Cet...
42: *δ Aquarii, Skat or Scheat ("shin"). - Aries (2808 bytes)
2: ...s name is [[Latin]] for ''[[Ram (sheep)|Ram]]''. It lies between [[Pisces]] to the west and [[Taurus ...
5: ...esarthim]] (γ<sub>1</sub>) and [[Botein]] (δ).
10: ...n's northern corner), and NGC 1156 (northwest of δ).
11: it is very difficult to spot.
16: ...ame the quest of [[Jason]] and the [[Argonauts]]. It appears that [[Babylonians]], [[Greeks]], [[Persi... - Capricornus (6733 bytes)
2: ...rdered by [[Aquila (constellation)|Aquila]], [[Sagittarius]], [[Microscopium]], [[Piscis Austrinus]] a...
5: ...hose vertices are Giedi (α), Deneb Algedi (δ), and ω Capricorni.
8: ...ousand years. The constellation may owe its antiquity to the fact that at that time, the northern hemi...
10: For the same reason, the sun's most southerly position, which is attained at the northern hemisphere'...
12: ...'' during the year. The cause of the association with the location or name of ''Augeas'' is not curren... - Leo (2655 bytes)
5: ...er stars have been named as well, such as Zosma (δ Leonis), Chort (θ Leonis), Al Minliar al A...
7: Regulus, η Leonis, and Algieba, together with the fainter stars Adhafera (ζ Leonis), Ras ...
9: ...ting the tuft of the lion's tail has since become its own constellation, [[Coma Berenices]].
11: ...Leo about 33 light years away from the Sun, is orbited by one of the smallest [[extrasolar planet]]s e...
17: In [[Greek mythology]], it was identified as the [[Nemean Lion]] (and may ha... - Gemini (3325 bytes)
2: ...to the south. The [[Gemini program]] is named for it.
6: ... one, Alhena (γ) is ever seen from a large city - and trace out a rectangle to the southeast.
8: ... constellation in [[1930]], near the star Wasat (δ Geminorum).
12: ...r of 5th magnitude, 2 800 light-years from earth. It is northwest of η Geminorum, near the western...
15: ... [[dairy]] [[cow]]s or cattle, by which they are situated. - Sagittarius (3908 bytes)
2: ...s]] to the west and [[Capricornus]] to the east. Its brighter stars form an easily recognizable teapo...
4: ...n given to a recently discovered galaxy, the [[Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy]], located just out...
7: ...f the spout; and [[Nunki]] (σ) and τ Sagitarii the handle. [http://deepsky.astroinfo.org/Sgr...
9: ...brightest star of the constellation, having a magnitude of only 4.0.
12: ...star clusters is [[M55]], about 7.5° west of δ Sgr. - Rice (13724 bytes)
20: ...Rpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=41975 ITIS 41975] 2002-09-22
23: ...uires plenty of water for [[irrigation]]. However it can be grown practically anywhere, even on [[grad...
24: ...rica, centuries of trade and exportation has made it a commonplace in many cultures.
27: ...wn on dry land (including on terraced hillsides) with the help of chemical weed controls.
29: ...is can develop elongated stems capable of coping with water depths exceeding 2 meters (6 feet). - Water (15217 bytes)
1: :''This article focuses on water as it is experienced in everyday life. See [[water (mol...
5: ...vaporation]], [[precipitation (meteorology)|precipitation]], and [[runoff (water)|runoff]] to the [[se...
7: ...he growing [[world population]], and its availability is a major social and economic concern.
13: ...vaporation]], [[precipitation (meteorology)|precipitation]], and [[runoff (water)|runoff]], water is c...
15: ...og]] or [[dew]] for example. When appropriately lit, water drops in the air can [[refract]] the beaut... - Chemical equilibrium (5726 bytes)
1: ...ition. [[Le Chatelier's principle]] describes qualitative predictions that can be made about chemical ...
3: ...to the right or to the left of the equilibrium position.
5: Without energy input chemical reactions always procee...
12: ...terval of time, until Q equals K; and vice versa. It is important to notice that only [[solvents|solve...
14: ... equilibrium in order to favour the formation of either reactants or products through temperature chan... - Saint Petersburg (36589 bytes)
15: ...ivision]]: || [[Federal cities of Russia|federal city]]
17: ...n]]: || {{coor dm|59|56|N|30|20|E|region:RU_type:city(4,661,219)}}
23: | [[Population density]]: || 7691 persons/km�
25: | [[Altitude]]: || 3 m
33: ! align="center" colspan="2" |[[Image:neva_spit.jpg|thumb|300px|The [[Neva]] river has been calle... - Global Positioning System (28209 bytes)
1: ...tar.jpg|thumb|250px||Over fifty '''GPS''' [[satellite]]s such as this NAVSTAR have been launched since...
5: ... [[satellite constellation]] of at least 24 satellites.
7: ...stem was designed by and is controlled by the [[United States Department of Defense]] and can be used ...
9: The space segment comprises the GPS satellite constellation.
10: ... and uploading data for transmission by the satellites. - Flight simulator (9712 bytes)
1: ...ech_1900D_Simulator.jpg|thumb|right|Interior Cockpit of a modern Flight Simulator]]
2: ...from [[video game]]s up to fullsize [[Simpit|cockpit replicas]] mounted on [[hydraulic]] (or electrome...
4: ...ly used by the [[aviation]] industry and the [[military]] for pilot training, disaster simulation and ...
8: ...aviator|pilot]]s to get the feel of the controls without actually being airborne. For instance, the [[...
15: ...y to simulate bombing raids, etc. The use of [[digital computer]]s for flight simulation began in the ... - Indus River (3223 bytes)
1: ...mmercial importance for the region, and also gave its name to the country of India. The river originat...
7: ...derabad, Pakistan|Hyderabad]], it ends in a large delta to the southeast of [[Karachi]].
10: * [[Gilgit River]]
25: ...s is one of the few rivers in the world that exhibit a [[tidal bore]].
27: ...(one that mainly flows through country from which it receives no water) in the world. - Assyria (13688 bytes)
3: ...r]] (or Ashshur). Later, as a nation and Empire, it also came to include roughly the northern half of...
8: ...m]], who was deified by later generations as the city's patron god.
10: Besides Asshur, the other three royal Assyrian cities were [[Calah]] and [[Nineveh]], also near the ...
12: ...Destroyed by barbarians in the [[Gutian period]], it was rebuilt, and ended up being governed as part ...
14: ==Old-Assyrian City-State== - Song Dynasty (16385 bytes)
3: ...uling dynasty in [[China]] from [[960]]-[[1279]]. Its founding marked the reunification of China for t...
5: ... south of the [[Yangtze River]] and made their capital at [[Hangzhou]].
7: ...f northern China and maintained uneasy relations with the Southern Song court. The Mongol [[Yuan dynas...
12: ...ffed with civilian scholar-officials. Regional military governors and their supporters were replaced b...
14: ...es but also as centers of trade, industry, and maritime commerce. The [[gentry|landed scholar-official...
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