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- List of explorers (24013 bytes)
6: ...th century]] [[Portuguese]] explorer of the [[African]] coast)
7: ...th century]] [[Portuguese]] explorer of the [[African]] coast)
14: *[[Charles Albanel]] (1616-1696), Canada
21: ...aval officer, several expeditions to the [[Canada|Canadian]] [[Arctic]]
22: ...century]] [[Portuguese]] explorer of [[North America]]) - Burundi (13403 bytes)
1: ...reat Lakes (Africa)|Great Lakes]] region of [[Africa]]. It is bordered by [[Rwanda]] on the north, [[T...
3: ...tsi]] minority with the growing demands for political participation of the [[Hutu]] majority.
11: image_map = LocationBurundi.png |
14: capital = [[Bujumbura]] |
34: GDP_PPP_per_capita = 627 | - List of people by name: Ab (7347 bytes)
8: *[[Abaris]], (circa 8th century BC), priest of [[Apollo (god)|Apollo]...
14: ...[[Abba Mari|Abba Mari ben Moses ben Joseph]], (circa 14th century), French rabbi
28: ..., Archbishop George]], (1562-1633), Archbishop of Canterbury
29: ...a Abbot|Abbot, Ezra]], (1819-1884), American biblical scholar
37: *[[Emma Abbott|Abbott, Emma]], (1849-1891), American singer - List of people by name: Ac (3800 bytes)
3: ...ba|Acaba, Joseph M.]] (born 1967), first Puerto Rican Astronaut
4: *[[Patriarch Acacius|Acacius, Patriarch]], (died 489), patriarch of Consta...
5: *[[Louis Acaries|Acaries, Louis]], (born 1954), boxer, former world ti...
6: *[[Bernard Accama|Accama, Bernard]] (1697-1756), Dutch painter
7: ...irk Acevedo|Acevedo, Kirk]] (born 1974), Puerto Rican actor - Eleanor Roosevelt (11183 bytes)
3: ...|Feminist]] and an active supporter of the [[American Civil Rights Movement]].
5: ... of Human Rights]]. President [[Harry S. Truman]] called her the ''First Lady of the World'', in honor...
16: ...here I can look at you most of my waking hours! I can't kiss you [in person] so I kiss your picture go...
20: ... perform at [[Constitution Hall]] in Washington because of her skin color. Mrs. Roosevelt arranged fo...
22: ...cism), she was the connection to the African-American population and helped Mr. Roosevelt win a lot of... - Isabel Allende (3632 bytes)
6: ...n 1945, her parents separated, and her mother relocated with their three children to Chile, where they...
8: ... first husband, Miguel Fr�, whom she married in 1962.
14: ...[Venezuela]]. While there, she worked for the Caracas newspaper ''El Nacional'' and as a teacher in a ...
18: ...Gordon, and has lived since then in [[San Rafael, California|San Rafael]]. In [[2003]] she obtained [[... - Isak Dinesen (2959 bytes)
3: ...er account of living in [[Kenya]], ''[[Out of Africa]]''.
5: ...Croix de Guerre]] while serving with the [[Canada|Canadian]] army in the [[First World War]].
7: ...ron Bror von Blixen-Finecke]], and the couple relocated to Kenya where they operated a [[coffee]] plan...
17: * ''The de Cats Family'' (1909, published in ''[[Tilskueren]]''...
20: * ''[[Out of Africa]]'' (1937 in Denmark and England, 1938 in USA) - Hanna Reitsch (3751 bytes)
4: ...rsue a career as a test pilot. In the 1930s she became fairly famous, setting many [[glider]] aerobati...
6: ...le under direct command of Karl Franke she soon became a major test pilot on the [[Junkers Ju 87]] ''S...
8: ...ting [[barrage balloon]] cables. Eventually she became [[Adolf Hitler]]'s favourite pilot. Reitsch wa...
10: Near the end of the war she became involved in testing the [[V-1 Flying Bomb]], wh...
12: ...h their parents, but he would not allow it. She escaped Berlin through heavy Russian anti-aircraft fir... - Valentina Tereshkova (2387 bytes)
5: ...smonaut corps. Out of more than four hundred applicants, five were selected: [[Tatiana Kuznetsova]], [...
7: ...t woman and first civilian to fly into space. Her call sign in this flight was '''Chayka''' ([[English...
9: ...o her prominence she was chosen for several political positions: From [[1966]] to [[1974]] she was a m... - Rosalind Franklin (9829 bytes)
2: ...]] - [[April 16]], [[1958]]) was a British [[physical chemist]] and [[crystallographer]] who made impo...
5: ...lped settle Jewish refugees from Europe who had escaped the ''Nazis''.
7: ==Cambridge and early career 1938-1950==
8: ... and was the basis of her doctoral degree in physical chemistry that she earned in 1945.
9: ... on the structure of carbons. Indeed on several occasions after accepting a position at King's, but be... - Ella Fitzgerald (9400 bytes)
1: ...rald.jpeg|thumb|Ella Fitzgerald photographed by [[Carl Van Vechten]], 1940]]
2: ..." improvisational ability, particularly in her [[scat singing]].
6: ...d several hit songs with them, including "(If You Can't Sing It), You'll Have to Swing It", but it was...
10: ...uite perfectly [[Marilyn Monroe]]'s voice and typical gestures, as well as [[Louis Armstrong]]'s.
12: ...ngers) toured [[Europe]] and North America, classically opening their shows with the famous Ellington'... - Aretha Franklin (7875 bytes)
2: ...eatest female vocalist ever by such industry publications/media outlets as [[Rolling Stone]] and [[VH1...
6: ...ild, Franklin and her sisters, [[Carolyn Franklin|Carolyn]] and [[Erma Franklin|Erma]], sang at her fa...
8: ...tist and a symbol of pride for the [[African American]] community. Franklin said herself of this perio...
12: ...ance; she later added three more Grammies in this category in the [[1980s]].
14: ...'"Angel",'' written by her sister Carolyn which became a soul classic. - Sheryl Crow (8611 bytes)
3: ..., [[Missouri]], [[United States|USA]]) is an American [[blues rock]] [[singer]], [[guitarist]] and son...
7: ...rnia|Los Angeles]] and found work as a [[backup vocalist]] for many major label acts. She was recruite...
9: ...ll Bottrell and other musicians to form what they called "The Tuesday Night Music Club." They would ge...
11: ... [[Grammy]] awards in [[1994]]: Best Female Pop Vocal Performance for "All I Wanna Do"; Record of the ...
13: ...etted her two Grammy awards for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance and Best New Album. Other singles in... - Ulrike Meinhof (1853 bytes)
3: ...76]], [[Stuttgart]]) was a [[Germany|German]] radical leftist militant who started out as a journalist...
5: ...girls, Bettina and Regine, on [[September 21]], [[1962]].
7: ...ommon man and the imperialism of the [[capitalism|capitalist]] system.
9: Captured in [[1972]] in [[Langenhagen]], she was, du... - Julia Child (8199 bytes)
2: ...ench cuisine]] and cooking techniques to the American mainstream through her many [[cookbook]]s and te...
6: ...in. Civic-minded, she volunteered with the [[American Red Cross]] and, after the bombing of [[Pearl Ha...
8: ...re husband Paul Cushing Child, a high-ranking OSS cartographer, and later to [[China]], where she rece...
10: ...] to Mr. Child, a man of sophisticated palate who came from a prominent [[Boston, Massachusetts | Bost...
14: ...s. Child work with them to make it appeal to Americans. - Bette Davis (6722 bytes)
3: ...an [[Academy Award]] winning [[United States|American]] [[actor|actress]].
5: ...lle Ball]] home because she was "too shy"), and became a star.
7: ...he received many write-in votes from disgruntled Academy members.
9: ...]]'' ([[1950]]), for which she received another Oscar nomination, put her back on top.
11: ... ever worked together onscreen in either of their careers, was a smash hit and a top-grosser that year... - Jodie Foster (4460 bytes)
2: ...vember 19]], [[1962]]) is an [[United States|American]] [[Actor|actress]] and [[Film director|director...
4: ==Life and career==
5: ...orn in [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]], [[California]] where she attended an exclusive prep sc...
7: ...the age of 14, she earned a nomination for the [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress]] for her r...
9: ...den Globe]] and [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Academy Awards]] as Best Actress for her role as a ga... - Katharine Hepburn (23170 bytes)
2: ...an 70-year acting career. In [[1999]], the [[American Film Institute]] ranked Hepburn the greatest act...
5: ...n children became well-versed in social and political issues. Once a very young Katharine Hepburn eve...
7: ...e would later be recognized for her athletic physicality — she fearlessly performed her own prat...
10: ...r got a degree from BM in history and philosophy; can this be a mistake? other sources say her degree ...
12: ...e married, the couple separated. They decided to carry on their marriage in a platonic fashion, and t... - Sophia Loren (9622 bytes)
5: ...o teacher Romilda Villani and married engineer Riccardo Scicolone and grew up in poverty in wartime [[...
7: ...discovered by her future husband, film producer [[Carlo Ponti]].
9: ...ting career took off upon meeting [[Vittorio De Sica]] and [[Marcello Mastroianni]] in [[1954]].
11: ...ich she appeared blonde for the first time in her career).
13: ... being the first actor to win a major category [[Academy Award]] (Best Actress) for a non-English lang... - Marilyn Monroe (30186 bytes)
2: ...August 5]], [[1962]]) was an [[United States|American]] [[actor|actress]] of the [[20th century]]. Her...
6: ...s not her true biological father. The most likely candidate for a while seemed to be [[Charles Stanley...
8: ...eane with Albert and Ida Bolender of [[Hawthorne, California|Hawthorne]], southwest of [[Downtown Los ...
10: ... died in a mental hospital near [[San Bernardino, California|San Bernardino]].
12: ...adys's best friend, Grace McKee, later Goddard, became her guardian. After Grace married in [[1935]], ... - Julie Andrews (8700 bytes)
3: ...], best known for her starring roles in the [[musical film]]s ''[[Mary Poppins]]'' ([[1964]]) and ''[[...
5: ...ws her American debut). During her run in the musical, she starred in [[Rodgers & Hammerstein]]'s tele...
7: ... her in a period musical: as [[Guenevere]] in ''[[Camelot]]'' opposite [[Richard Burton]] and newcomer...
9: ...e]]'' ([[1967]]), with [[Mary Tyler Moore]] and [[Carol Channing]].
11: ...f the Year]] by the [[Harvard University]] theatrical society. - Dawn Fraser (2591 bytes)
2: ...th Games]] medals. In [[October]] [[1962]] she became the first woman to swim the 100 metres in less ...
4: ..., wore an old swimsuit (which angered sponsors) because it was more comfortable, and, it was alleged, ...
6: ...came a publican, swimming coach and in [[1988]] became a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for ...
15: ...[[1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games|1958 Cardiff Commonwealth Games]]
22: *[[1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games|1962 Perth Commonwealth Games]] - Jackie Joyner-Kersee (2098 bytes)
2: '''Jackie Joyner-Kersee''' (born [[March 3]], [[1962]]) is generally considered as the best all-around...
8: ... she saw a man get killed. A few years later, she called her grandmother to talk, only to find out her...
10: ...ercise-induced [[asthma]], and on more than one occasion had to be hospitalized following an event. - Martina Navratilova (16246 bytes)
3: ...] and became a US citizen in [[1981]]. During her career she won 18 [[Grand Slam (tennis)|Grand Slam]]...
5: ...her mother Jana married Miroslav Navrátil, who became her first tennis coach. Martina then took the n...
7: ===Tennis career===
11: ...ruggled with her weight in the early years of her career (and was at one point unflatteringly labelled...
13: ...to defect. Within a month, she received a [[Green Card]]. - John Adams (18716 bytes)
2: | nationality=american
22: ...d Style and New Style dates|Old Style]], [[Julian Calendar]]), 1735 in [[Braintree, Massachusetts]]. H...
24: ...nspired Adams with zeal for the cause of the American colonies. Years later, when he was an old man, A...
28: ...contentiousness to be a handicap in his political career. These qualities were particularly manifested...
31: ... in London in [[1768]] as ''A Dissertation on the Canon and Feudal Law''), in which he argued that the... - Thomas Jefferson (31127 bytes)
2: | nationality=american
15: | party=[[Democratic-Republican]]
18: ...dor]] to [[France]], [[Political philosophy|political philosopher]], [[revolutionary]], [[Agriculture|...
20: ...Nobel Prize]] winners to the [[White House]] in [[1962]], saying, "I think this is the most extraordinar...
22: ==Biographical information== - Plate tectonics (27764 bytes)
3: ...long plate boundaries (most notably around the so-called "[[Pacific Ring of Fire]]").
5: ... tectonic theory arose out of two separate geological observations: [[continental drift]], noticed in...
8: ...s division should not be confused with the ''chemical'' subdivision of the Earth into (from innermost ...
10: ...trench]]es. The majority of the world's active volcanoes occur along plate boundaries, with the Pacifi...
12: ... of this principle, which is essentially a large-scale version of [[Archimedes]]' Bath). - Algeria (16548 bytes)
1: ...ca]], and the second largest country on the [[Africa]]n continent. It is bordered by [[Tunisia]] in th...
17: | align="center" colspan=2 | [[image:LocationAlgeria.png]]
23: | '''[[Capital]]'''<br><br> - Population:<br> - [...
38: | From [[France]]<br>[[July 5]], [[1962]]
53: | '''[[List of country calling codes|Calling Code]]''' - Samoa (9435 bytes)
14: | align=center style="vertical-align: top;" colspan=2 | <small>''[[National mot...
16: ...olspan=2 style="background: #ffffff;" | [[image:LocationSamoa.png]]
21: | '''[[Capital]]'''
37: | From [[New Zealand]]<br>[[January 1]], [[1962]]
51: | '''[[List_of_country_calling_codes|Calling Code]]''' - The Gambia (13678 bytes)
1: ...t from the [[British Empire]]. [[Banjul]] is its capital.
16: | align=center colspan=2 | [[image:LocationGambia.png]]
21: | '''[[Capital]]'''
51: | '''[[List of country calling codes|Calling Code]]'''
61: ...gland and France struggled continuously for political and commercial supremacy in the regions of the S... - Barbados (21887 bytes)
1: ...with some hills in the island's interior. It is located 13? north of the [[Equator]] and 59? west of t...
3: ...island's interior are also dotted with large sugarcane estates and wide [[pastures]] with many good vi...
9: ...lodoid-Barrancoid. For the next few centries, the Caribs—like the Arawak and the Salodoid-Barran...
11: ...[[Slavery|slave labor]] on [[plantation]]s. Other Caribs fled the island, moving elsewhere.
13: ...ess, Barbados always enjoyed a large measure of local autonomy. Its House of Assembly began meeting in... - Cuba (25106 bytes)
2: ...o the southwest the [[Cayman Islands]] and [[Jamaica]], and to the southeast [[Haiti]].
6: ...ing the [[19th century]] until the [[Spanish-American War]] of [[1898]]. The [[United States]] occupie...
8: ...an about 12%, one of the lowest in the latin american countries.
10: ...ised. Among other things, [[healthcare]] and [[education]] freely available were expanded to cover all...
12: ...lear Stand-off, between the United States of America and Russia. - Uganda (11554 bytes)
1: ...lic of Uganda''', a country in east-central [[Africa]], bordered in the east by [[Kenya]], in the nort...
3: ...ortion of the south of the country, including the capital [[Kampala]].
11: image_map = LocationUganda.png|
15: capital = [[Kampala]] |
35: GDP_PPP_per_capita = $245| - Rwanda (10946 bytes)
8: image_map = LocationRwanda.png |
11: capital = [[Kigali]] |
31: GDP_PPP_per_capita = 1,268 |
32: GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 144 |
35: ...ished_dates = From [[Belgium]] <br> [[July 1]], [[1962]] | - Jamaica (16893 bytes)
1: ...[Hispaniola]], on which [[Haiti]] and the [[Dominican Republic]] are situated.
3: |+<big><big>'''Jamaica'''</big></big>
7: ...[[Image:Jamaica flag large.png|125px|Flag of Jamaica]]
8: ...ht="135px" | [[Image:Jamaica_coat_medium.gif|Jamaica: Coat of Arms]]
10: | align="center" width="140px" | ([[Flag of Jamaica|In Detail]]) - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (8955 bytes)
1: ...nes''' is an independent sovereign state of the [[Caribbean]], part of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]]...
14: | align=center style="vertical-align: top;" colspan=2 | <small>''[[National mot...
16: ...olspan=2 style="background: #ffffff;" | [[image:LocationSaintVincentAndTheGrenadines.png]]
21: | '''[[Capital]]'''
43: | [[East Caribbean dollar]] - Democratic Republic of the Congo (21095 bytes)
1: ...dal]] [[Second Congo War]] (known also as the African World War), the deadliest conflict since [[World...
14: image_map = LocationDRCongo.png |
17: capital = [[Kinshasa]] |
37: GDP_PPP_per_capita = 673 |
38: GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 162 | - Malawi (22306 bytes)
1: ...f Malawi''' is a land-locked nation in [[East Africa]]. It is bordered by [[Tanzania]] to the north, [...
8: image_map = LocationMalawi.png |
11: capital = [[Lilongwe]] |
31: GDP_PPP_per_capita = $619 |
32: GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 164 | - Zambia (24496 bytes)
1: ...ed country in [[southern Africa|south-central Africa]]. It borders the [[Democratic Republic of the C...
9: image_map = LocationZambia.png |
12: capital = [[Lusaka]] |
32: GDP_PPP_per_capita = 883 |
33: GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 157 | - Papyrus (5819 bytes)
13: ... the roll's length were on one side, all the vertical fibres on the other. Greek texts were written on...
15: ...[[Mount Vesuvius]], but has only been partially excavated.
17: ...the codex form, and in the Gr棯-Roman world it became common to cut sheets from papyrus rolls in orde...
19: ...cularly in moist climates, and the fact that they can be manufactured anywhere. The latest certain da...
21: ...in Egypt for the tourist trade was developed in [[1962]] by the Egyptian engineer [[Hassan Ragab]] using... - Alaska (24727 bytes)
7: Map = ak-locator.png |
10: Capital = [[Juneau, Alaska|Juneau]] |
12: ...glish language|English]] 85.7%, Native North American 5.2%, [[Spanish language|Spanish]] 2.9% |
66: ...kon|Yukon Territory]] and [[British Columbia]], [[Canada]] to the east, the [[Gulf of Alaska]] and the...
69: ... all, of the pre-Columbian population of the Americas probably took this route and continued further s... - South Carolina (11968 bytes)
2: Name = South Carolina |
3: Fullname = State of South Carolina |
4: Flag = South Carolina state flag.png |
5: Flaglink = [[Flag of South Carolina]] |
6: Seal = SouthCarolinastateseal.jpg | - Timeline of invention (28171 bytes)
1: This is a chronological list of [[invention]]s.
3: ...e there is ambiguity, the date of the first practical, fielded version of the invention is used here.
6: * 2.4 MYA: [[Oldowan|Stone tools]] in [[Africa]]
8: ... Controlled [[fire]] in [[Cradle of Humankind|Africa]]
37: * 3500 BC: [[Carts]] in [[Sumer]] - List of people by name: Y (12717 bytes)
39: ...hyn|Yascheshyn, Kerri]], ([[1985]] - [[2003]]), [[cancer]] patient
41: *[[Carl Yastrzemski|Yastrzemski, Carl]], (born [[1939]]), [[Baseball Hall of Fame]]
76: *[[Michelle Yeoh|Yeoh, Michelle]] (born 1962), Chinese actor
130: *[[Yoshikawa Eiji|Yoshikawa, Eiji]], ([[1892]]-[[1962]]), novelist
146: *[[Andrew Young|Young, Andrew]], (b. 1932), American civil rights activist & diplomat - List of reference tables (55289 bytes)
1: ...encyclopedia]]s (or an index of them, if they're scattered throughout the work).
7: ...window and run it. (The other table scripts there can also be used here: transposing columns and rows,...
11: (e.g. good old Netscape 3.04 gold) can't handle the page size.
14: <caption> Alternate versions </caption>
15: <tr bgcolor="#FFD700"><th> Alphabetical <tr><td> - Space exploration (14877 bytes)
1: '''Space exploration''' is the physical exploration of outer-[[Earth]] objects and gener...
4: ...tronger and lighter materials and other technological and scientific breakthroughs, the idea of outer-...
6: ...le trainers, and the original [[Apollo 16]] space capsule.
13: ...al flight made by a human being was [[Vostok 1]], carrying [[Yuri Gagarin]] on [[April 12]] [[1961]].
15: ...ght. On [[June 21]], [[2004]], [[SpaceShipOne]] became the first privately-funded manned [[spacecraft]... - History of science (41710 bytes)
2: ...odern [[science]] is a body of verifiable [[empirical knowledge]], a global community of [[scholar]]s,...
6: ...ystems, which differs from the search for [[empirical]] [[truth]]. [[Philosophy]] differs from science...
11: ... it ''functions'', and whether it exhibits large-scale patterns and trends. The [[sociology of science...
13: ...d that there can be [[demarcation problem|no demarcation]] between science and any other form of inves...
15: ...' in [[1962]], there has been much debate in the academic community over the meaning and objectivity o... - List of painters (54090 bytes)
8: *[[Salvador Dali]], ([[1904]]-[[1989]]), Catalan artist
13: *[[Pablo Picasso]], ([[1881]]-[[1973]]), Spanish [[Cubism|cubis...
26: *[[Bernard Accama]] ([[1697]]-[[1756]])
57: *[[Carl Andre]] ([[1935]]-)
73: *[[Hendrick Avercamp]] ([[1585]]-[[1634]]) - Food (24212 bytes)
5: ...h]], the term ''food'' is often used [[metaphor]]ically or figuratively, as in ''food for thought''.
8: ...[Western world|Western]] food law recognises four categories of object as food:
15: *[http://www.fda.gov/opacom/laws/fdcact/fdcact1.htm US federal definition of food]
21: ===Historical development===
23: ...Human]]s are [[omnivore|omnivorous]] animals that can consume both plant and animal products. Evidenc... - India (27950 bytes)
1: ...ies by area|seventh largest]] country by geographical [[area]].
3: ...the past two decades the country has grown significantly, in its economic and military roles, regional...
5: ...rsian]] version of ''[[Sindhu]]'', the historic local appellation for the river [[Indus river|Indus]];...
13: ...a]], contributed greatly to India's cultural landscape. From [[180 BC]], a series of invasions from [[...
21: ...First War of Indian Independence]], most of India came under the direct administrative control of the ...
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