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- Grapefruit (4275 bytes)
2: ...ruit_700x490.jpg|250px|A basket of grapefruit]] | caption = A basket of grapefruit}}
16: The '''grapefruit''' is a sub-tropical [[citrus]] [[tree]] grown for its [[fruit]], whi...
18: ...ly grown as an ornamental plant. The US quickly became a major producer of the fruit, with plantations...
20: ...roduced the [[tangelo]] (1905), the [[minneola]] (1931) and the [[sweetie]] (1984).
22: ...udes to clusters of the fruit on the tree. Botannically, it was not distinguished from the pummelo unt... - List of U.S. state capitals (5230 bytes)
2: This is a '''list of U.S. state capitals''':
5: ! State !! Capital !! Year of current [[capitol]] construction
13: | [[1923]] — [[1931]]
23: | [[California]]
24: | [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] - History of China (45919 bytes)
2: ...to the Chinese identity. These cultural and political influences from many parts of Asia as well as su...
7: ...es were founded; the most archaeologically significant of those was found at [[Banpo]], [[Xi'an]].
11: [[Archaeological site]]s such as [[Sanxingdui]] and [[Erlitou]] ...
14: ...20195;; [[pinyin]]: sāndài) that the historical China begins to appear.
18: ...orated. Some archaeologists connect the Xia to excavations at [[Erlitou]] in central [[Henan]] provin... - List of people by name: Ac (3800 bytes)
3: ...ba|Acaba, Joseph M.]] (born 1967), first Puerto Rican Astronaut
4: *[[Patriarch Acacius|Acacius, Patriarch]], (died 489), patriarch of Consta...
5: *[[Louis Acaries|Acaries, Louis]], (born 1954), boxer, former world ti...
6: *[[Bernard Accama|Accama, Bernard]] (1697-1756), Dutch painter
7: ...irk Acevedo|Acevedo, Kirk]] (born 1974), Puerto Rican actor - List of people by name: Ag (3474 bytes)
11: ...z|Agassiz, Alexander Emanuel]], (1835-1910), American man of science
18: *[[Mehmet Ali Agca|Agca, Mehmet Ali]], (born 1958), failed assassin of [[...
19: ...gee|Agee, James]], (fl. early 20th century), American poet
28: ...yes Agnew|Agnew, David Hayes]], (1818-1892), American surgeon
32: ...amin Agosto|Agosto, Benjamin]], (born 1982), American skater - List of people by name: Ai (1915 bytes)
4: *[[Jan Santini Aichel|Aichel, Jan Santini]], (circa 1670-1723), Czech architect
5: *[[Gregor Aichinger|Aichinger, Gregor]], (circa 1565-1628), German composer
9: ...al writer, librettist, playwright, member of the Acad魩e fran硩se
16: ...[[Troy Aikman|Aikman, Troy]], (born 1966), [[American football]] star
17: *[[Alvin Ailey|Ailey, Alvin]], (1931-1985), dancer, choreographer - Hattie Caraway (2502 bytes)
1: '''Hattie Ophelia Wyatt Caraway''' ([[February 1]], [[1878]] - [[December 21...
3: [[image:Caraway_hattie.jpg|left|Hattie Caraway, first woman elected to US Senate]]
5: Hattie Caraway was born near [[Bakerville, Tennessee]] in [...
7: ...her husband practiced law and started a political career.
9: ...te]] where he served until he died in office in [[1931]]. - Emma Goldman (12210 bytes)
3: ...in [[London]] of the [[Federacinarquista Ib鲩ca|CNT-FAI]].
6: ... family ran a small inn. In the period of [[political repression]] after the [[assassination]] of [[Ru...
8: ==Immigration to America==
9: ... legally married, allowing her to retain her American citizenship.
18: ... despite the testimonies of twelve witnesses that came to her defense. Instead the jury based their ve... - Isak Dinesen (2959 bytes)
3: ...er account of living in [[Kenya]], ''[[Out of Africa]]''.
5: ...Croix de Guerre]] while serving with the [[Canada|Canadian]] army in the [[First World War]].
7: ...tation until the collapse of the coffee market in 1931 forced her to abandon the project.
17: * ''The de Cats Family'' (1909, published in ''[[Tilskueren]]''...
20: * ''[[Out of Africa]]'' (1937 in Denmark and England, 1938 in USA) - Toni Morrison (2576 bytes)
2: ...n '''Chloe Anthony Wofford''', [[February 18]], [[1931]] in [[Lorain, Ohio]].
4: In [[1965]] she became a senior editor for [[Random House]] in New Yor...
6: ...nclude Morrison's own work in the canon of [[American Literature]].
8: ... Literature]] in [[1993]], the first African-American woman to receive this prize.
12: She called [[Bill Clinton]] "the first Black president",... - Ayn Rand (18001 bytes)
4: image_caption=[[Novelist]] and [[Philosopher]], best known...
11: ...made it the express goal of her literature to showcase such heroes. She believed:
14: ...physical force, or impose ideas on others by physical force.
19: ...t recent evidence has proved that this is not the case. [http://www.aynrand.org/site/PageServer?pagena...
22: ... of the United States. Her first literary success came with the sale of her screenplay ''[[Red Pawn]]'... - Gertrude Stein (13569 bytes)
1: ...oet]], [[feminism|feminist]], [[playwright]], and catalyst in the development of modern art and litera...
7: ...1897 followed by two years at [[Johns Hopkins Medical School]].
9: ...eft|326px|Portrait of Gertrude Stein by [[Pablo Picasso]], 1906]]
12: ...he lived in [[Paris]] with her brother Leo, who became an accomplished art critic.
15: ...She owned early works of [[Pablo Picasso]] (who became a friend and painted her portrait), [[Henri Mat... - Amelia Earhart (9225 bytes)
2: ... 2]], [[1937]]) was a famous [[United States|American]] [[aviator]], known for breaking new ground for...
4: ==Flying career==
6: ... Amelia from her father and his [[alcoholism]]. Because of Edwin Earhart's inability to provide for hi...
8: ...as a weekend hobbyist. She was even featured in local newspapers while she taught English.
10: ... crossing. They were married on [[February 7]], [[1931]]. Earhart referred to the marriage as a "partner... - Amy Johnson (2606 bytes)
8: ...h|Gipsy Moth]] (registration G-AAAH) named Jason, can still be seen in the [[Science Museum_(London)|S...
10: In [[July]] [[1931]], she set the record for flying from [[England]]...
12: ...flight from England to [[Cape Town]], [[South Africa]], also in a Puss Moth. She was later to regain t... - Virginia Woolf (9482 bytes)
3: ...]. Between the [[world war]]s, Woolf was a significant figure in London literary society and a member ...
7: ...apitulation of the coterie's ideals, Woolf's work can be understood as consistently in dialogue with B...
9: ...ists]], though she disdained some artists in this category, such as [[James Joyce]].
11: ...ream-of-consciousness]], the underlying psychological as well as emotional motives of characters, and ...
13: ...central strength: Woolf is arguably the major lyrical novelist in the English language. Her novels are... - Bessie Coleman (4340 bytes)
1: ...pril 30]], [[1926]]) was the first [[African American]] woman to become an [[airplane]] pilot. She wa...
6: ...h women were better than African-American women because French women were pilots already.
8: ...auty to promote his newspaper, and to promote her cause.
10: ...not gain admission to American flight schools because she was black and a woman. Coleman was the on...
12: In [[September]] of [[1921]], she became a media sensation when she returned to the Unit... - Grace Hopper (7469 bytes)
1: ...She was the first [[programmer]] for the [[Mark I Calculator]] and the developer of the first [[compil...
3: .... Hopper began teaching mathematics at Vassar in 1931; by [[1941]] she was an [[associate professor]].
5: ...n the development of the Mark II and the Mark III Calculators.
7: In [[1949]], Hopper became an employee of the [[J. Presper Eckert|Eckert]]...
12: ...to an indefinite assignment. She was promoted to Captain in [[1973]] by Admiral [[Elmo R. Zumwalt, Jr... - Helen Sawyer Hogg (1921 bytes)
5: ...on star clusters. She received her doctorate in [[1931]] from [[Radcliffe College]].
7: ... [[David Dunlap Observatory]], where Frank Hogg became director in [[1946]] until his death in [[1951]...
9: ...ronto]], who died in [[1988]]. She died of a [[myocardial infarction|heart attack]] in 1993.
11: She won the [[Annie J. Cannon Award in Astronomy]] in [[1949]] and the [[Kl...
13: ...[1968]] she was made an Officer of the [[Order of Canada]] and was promoted to Companion in [[1976]]. - Maria Goeppert-Mayer (4176 bytes)
1: ...hen in [[Germany]], now part of [[Poland]]) and became one of the few women to receive a [[Nobel Prize...
5: ...jects. In [[1946]] she became a professor in [[Chicago]] at Sarah Lawrence College. Here she developed...
7: ...ns and protons like to couple together in what is called spin orbit coupling. This is like the Earth s...
9: ...in another. Then imagine that in each circle, you can fit twice as many dancers by having one pair go ...
11: ..., worked with Maria to produce a book in [[1950]] called ''Elementary Theory of Nuclear Shell Structur... - Josephine Baker (5957 bytes)
3: ...nger, sometimes known as "The Black Venus." She became a [[France|French]] [[citizen]] in [[1937]].
5: ..., [[Missouri]], the daughter of Eddie Carson and Carrie McDonald, she entered [[vaudeville]] as a tee...
7: ...th a [[diamond]] collar. The leopard frequently escaped into the orchestra pit, where it terrorized th...
9: ...oman anyone ever saw." In addition to being a musical star, Baker also starred in several successful f...
11: ...test song hit "''J'ai deux amours''" (1931) and became a muse for contemporary painters and sculptors. - Sofia Gubaidulina (8325 bytes)
1: ...ı Ğ?dullina''') (born [[October 24]], [[1931]]) is a [[Russia]]n-[[Tatar]] [[composer]] of dee...
5: ...sponsible" for its exploration of alternate [[musical tuning|tunings]]. She was supported, however, by...
9: In the early 1980s Gubaidulina became better known abroad through [[Gidon Kremer]]'s ...
19: *''Night in Memphis'' cantata (1968)
20: *''Musical Toys'' fourteen piano pieces for children (1969) - Bonnie and Clyde (17385 bytes)
5: ...s referred to as the [[public enemy era]] between 1931 and 1935, a period which led to the formation of ...
11: ...nd loyal companion to Clyde Barrow as they evaded capture and awaited the violent deaths they viewed a...
15: ... he also cracked safes, burgled stores, and stole cars. Known primarily for robbing banks, he preferre...
23: ...Farm]] until early 1932. It was there, at Eastham Camp 1, that it appears he first killed another man ...
27: ...transportation in the Texas farm country. Clyde escaped, and Bonnie and Fults were arrested. She claim... - Aimee Semple McPherson (13395 bytes)
7: ...rminal illness. (The age difference had caused a scandal in their small town, prompting the couple to ...
9: ...the newspaper defending [[evolution]], debating local clergy, etc.
13: ...hortly thereafter, the two embarked on an evangelical tour, first to [[Europe]] and then to [[China]],...
19: ...n 1913, she embarked upon a preaching career in [[Canada]] and the U.S. By June 1915 she had left hom...
21: ...r">[[Image:GospelCar.jpeg]]<small><br>The "Gospel Car", 1918</small></div> - Mother Teresa (22682 bytes)
4: ...harity]] whose work among the [[poverty|poor]] of Calcutta (later renamed [[Kolkata]]) was widely repo...
6: ... may be properly called '''Blessed Teresa''' by [[Catholic]]s.
9: ... Kol렩 and Dranafile Bojaxhiu, were [[Albanian]] Catholics that emigrated from south Kosovar city of ...
11: ...and|Irish]] community of nuns with a mission in [[Calcutta]].
13: ... [[Darjeeling]] in India as a novice sister. In [[1931]], she made her first vows there, choosing the na... - Mata Hari (3970 bytes)
5: ...d as a princess from [[Java (island)|Java]] and became an exotic dancer, performing "[[Orientalism|Ori...
7: ...iers in [[World War I]]. Her arrest in France was caused by the German military attach頩n Spain who r...
11: ...esemblance to [[Puccini]]'s popular opera, ''[[Tosca]]''.
15: The [[1931]] film of her final days, "Mata Hari", starred [[... - Odette Sansom (1906 bytes)
5: ...pied France. She left her three daughters in the care of her husband.
7: She made a landing near [[Cannes]] in [[1942]], where she made contact with he...
11: ... June 1943 and sent to [[Ravensbr?[[Concentration Camp]]. She survived the war and testified against t... - Leni Riefenstahl (8095 bytes)
1: [[Image:Leni_Riefenstahl.jpg|frame|Riefenstahl circa 1930]]
2: ...ustry after [[World War II|the war]], she later became a [[photographer]].
5: ... [[film]] showing on the topic of mountains and became impressed with them and the possibilities of th...
7: ...1932]] and offered her services as a filmmaker, because she was mesmerized by his powers as a public s...
9: ...ilm)|Olympia]]'', a film celebrated for its technical and aesthetic achievements. She was the first to... - Tallulah Bankhead (6331 bytes)
1: ...ulah.jpg|thumb|Tallulah Bankhead, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1934]]
4: ...II]] ([[1872]]-[[1946]]) (Democrat from Alabama [[1931]]-[[1946]]), and granddaughter of Senator [[John ...
8: ...wn as a hard-partying girl-about-town. She also became known for her wit, although as screenwriter [[A...
10: ...y affairs with men and women. By the end of the decade, she was one of the [[West End (of London)|West...
12: ... that she was generally outclassed by Dietrich, [[Carole Lombard]], et al. - Greta Garbo (9957 bytes)
8: ...ich was seen by comedy director Eric Petscher. He cast her in a small part for the movie ''Peter The T...
10: ...d her in [[film|cinema]] [[acting]] technique and cast her in a major role in ''G? Berlings Saga'' ([[...
12: ... given a contract as well. But their relationship came to an end as her fame grew. He was fired by MGM...
21: ... fare as well after the advent of sound and his [[career]] faltered.
23: ...he movie poster. She was next part of an all star cast in ''[[Grand Hotel (film)|Grand Hotel]]'' ([[19... - Scientific revolution (17675 bytes)
1: ...r start of the scientific revolution was the publication of ''De revolutionibus orbium coelestium'' by...
3: ... [[mechanics|mechanical]], and [[empiricism|empirical]].
9: ...is, at that time there were very large and historically sudden changes in science, not only in its con...
11: ...ay be summarized in the following lists of significant advances in science:
15: *[[Ptolemy]]'s calculations of planetary motion. (This and Galen's ... - North America (12844 bytes)
1: ...mb|250px|World map showing location of North America]]
2: ...b|250px|A satellite composite image of North America]]
4: ...o was the first European to suggest that the Americas were not the [[East Indies]], but a previously u...
6: ... America]]n countries, which in some contexts may cause confusion.
7: ... North America is only a subcontinent composed by Canada, United States and Mexico. - Australia (39438 bytes)
6: image_map =LocationAustralia.png|290px|
9: capital =[[Canberra]]|
27: ...|Constitution Act]]<br>- [[Statute of Westminster 1931|Statute of Westminster]]<br>- [[Australia Act]]|
28: ...]:<br>[[1 January]] [[1901]]<br>[[11 December]] [[1931]]<br>[[3 March]] [[1986]]|
37: calling_code=61| - Canada (35540 bytes)
1: ...sensus that the country's *official* name is now "Canada", not anything else. If you believe you have ...
3: ...cle, e.g., [[Politics of Canada]], [[Geography of Canada]], etc. Thank you.}}
6: '''Canada''' is a country in [[North America]], the northern-most in the world and the second ...
8: ...[constitutional monarchy]] with [[Elizabeth II of Canada|Queen Elizabeth II]] as [[head of state]].
10: ...2005]] is 32.2 million people [http://www.statcan.ca/english/edu/clock/population.htm]. - Historical capital of China (5927 bytes)
1: Numerous cities have been the '''[[capital]] of [[China]]''' during the course of histo...
3: ...pital during the Yin period of [[Shang Dynasty]]: called Yin (殷 Yīn)
5: ...s Chinese governments including (sorted chronologically):
7: ...State of [[Yan]] in [[Spring and Autumn Period]]: called Ji (薊 J쩊
8: ...lled Yanjing (燕京 Yānjīng "capital of Yan") - Spain (36498 bytes)
1: ... America|Central]] and [[South America|South American]] countries.<!--
11: image_map = LocationSpain.png |
15: capital = [[Madrid]] |
20: leader_names = [[Juan Carlos I of Spain|Juan Carlos I]]<br>[[Jos頌uis Rodr�ez Zapatero|Jos頌u...
35: GDP_PPP_per_capita = $24,803 | - Thebes, Egypt (3900 bytes)
2: ...moved to the [[Nile Delta|Delta]]. Its archaeological remains offer a striking testimony to Egyptian c...
6: ...the names of the temple of [[Karnak]], which is located in the city.
10: ==Important archaeological sites in Thebes==
27: ...nstitut fran硩s d’arch鯬ogie orientale du Caire. (Reprinted Osnabr?tto Zeller Verlag, 1975). 7...
29: ...d University Press and The American University in Cairo Press. 384–388. - Ancient history (7857 bytes)
1: ...iod of time when [[writing]] and [[history|historical]] records first appear, roughly 5,500 years befo...
3: ...f evidence that [[Homo sapiens]] first left [[Africa]] about 60,000 years ago.
12: *African Ancient Kingdoms: [[Axumite Kingdom]], [[Kush]],...
24: *[[Native America]]
33: ...ss, based on the interpretation of surviving physical evidence, about the "reason" events occured, not... - Babe Ruth (55357 bytes)
2: ...61]]. He also was a member of the original [[American League]] [[Major League Baseball All-Star Game|A...
4: ...ring Twenties]]'' as the fan base expanded significantly and triggered major expansion of nearly all t...
7: ...lived above the saloon they owned and operated on Camden Street. Kate would walk to her father's home ...
9: ...olic]] priest, and the school's disciplinarian, became the major influence on his life, the one man Ba...
12: ...r. Brother Matthias promptly switched George from catcher to pitcher to teach him a lesson. But, inste... - Georgia (U.S. state) (26579 bytes)
9: Capital = [[Atlanta, Georgia|Atlanta]] |
36: ...Revolution]]. It was the thirteenth colony and became the fourth state, ratifying the [[United States...
38: ...ate song]], ''[[Georgia on My Mind]]'' by [[Hoagy Carmichael]] was originally written about a woman of...
48: ...leaving a trail of destruction behind them. The local [[moundbuilder]] culture, described by [[Hernand...
50: ...ggested that what was by then a British colony be called [[Province of Georgia]] in honor of King [[Ge... - Iowa (24205 bytes)
9: Capital = [[Des Moines, Iowa|Des Moines]] |
38: The state is named for the [[Native American]] [[Iowa tribe|Iowa]] people.
48: *Iowa became the 29<sup>th</sup> state in the union on [[Dec...
49: *The [[Chicago and Northwestern]] railroad reached [[Council B...
50: ...ercentage of soldiers serve in the Civil War, per capita, than any other state in the Union, with near... - Nevada (17565 bytes)
9: Capital = [[Carson City, Nevada|Carson City]] |
25: ...[[Daylight saving time|-6]]<br><small>All but 5 locations (Duck Valley Indian Reservation, Jackpot, Mo...
37: '''Nevada''' is a [[U.S. state|state]] located in the [[U.S. West|western]] [[United States]]...
39: ...ada was admitted into the union during the [[American Civil War]].
41: ...s a test of whether visitors such as presidential candidates, have informed themselves about the state... - Timeline of invention (28171 bytes)
1: This is a chronological list of [[invention]]s.
3: ...e there is ambiguity, the date of the first practical, fielded version of the invention is used here.
6: * 2.4 MYA: [[Oldowan|Stone tools]] in [[Africa]]
8: ... Controlled [[fire]] in [[Cradle of Humankind|Africa]]
37: * 3500 BC: [[Carts]] in [[Sumer]] - List of people by name: Y (12717 bytes)
32: *[[Yao Wenyuan]], (born 1931)
39: ...hyn|Yascheshyn, Kerri]], ([[1985]] - [[2003]]), [[cancer]] patient
41: *[[Carl Yastrzemski|Yastrzemski, Carl]], (born [[1939]]), [[Baseball Hall of Fame]]
71: *[[Boris Yeltsin|Yeltsin, Boris]] (b. 1931) [[President of Russia]]
146: *[[Andrew Young|Young, Andrew]], (b. 1932), American civil rights activist & diplomat - St. Peter's Basilica (17805 bytes)
1: ...mage:VAT74_0643_W.jpg|thumb|right|300px|The Basilica of Saint Peter, portrayed by Viviano Codazzi in a...
2: ...n buried there, too. Construction of the [[basilica]] began in [[1506]] and was completed in [[1626]]...
4: ...edra]] Petri'', the episcopal throne of the basilica's namesake when he led the Roman church, but whic...
7: ...convened in the Basilica of Saint Peter. The high canopy or baldocchino was designed by Bernini.]]
8: ... started construction in [[324]] of a great basilica in this exact spot, which had previously been a c... - List of painters (54090 bytes)
8: *[[Salvador Dali]], ([[1904]]-[[1989]]), Catalan artist
13: *[[Pablo Picasso]], ([[1881]]-[[1973]]), Spanish [[Cubism|cubis...
26: *[[Bernard Accama]] ([[1697]]-[[1756]])
57: *[[Carl Andre]] ([[1935]]-)
71: *[[Frank Auerbach]] ([[1931]]-) - Timeline of microscope technology (1673 bytes)
6: ...o'' or compound microscope with a convex and a concave lens.
10: ...ino'' to Prince Federico Cesi, founder of the ''Accademia dei Lincei'' (in English, ''The [[Linceans]]...
12: ...ublishes ''Micrographia'', a collection of biological micrographs. He coins the word ''cell'' for the...
13: ...mproves on a simple microscope for viewing biological specimens.
14: * [[1931]] - [[Ernst Ruska]] builds the first [[electron m... - List of inventors (14020 bytes)
5: ==Alphabetical list==
11: *[[Archimedes]], (circa 287 BC-212 BC), [[Greece]]
14: ...d Asselbergs]],(1927 - June, 1996)of the [[Canada|Canadian]] Department of Agriculture — instan...
18: ...bage]], (1791-1871), [[England]] — [[Analytical engine]]
20: ...ekeland]] (1863) - (1944), [[Belgian]]–American — [[plastic]] - Thomas Edison (20653 bytes)
3: ...tober 18]], [[1931]]) was an [[United States|American]] [[inventor]] and [[businessman]] who developed...
10: ...ly hanged. He and his family fled to Nova Scotia, Canada, settling on land the British government gave...
12: ...l joining the [[MacKenzie Rebellion]] that sought Canadian independence. The revolt failed and, like ...
16: ... son to read and experiment. Many of his lessons came from reading the book [["Parker's School of Nat...
18: ...Some of his earliest inventions related to electrical telegraphy, included a stock ticker. - Cell (biology) (28190 bytes)
2: ...t of all [[life|living]] [[organism]]s, sometimes called the "building blocks of life." Some organisms...
5: ... room. The name was chosen by [[Robert Hooke]] because of the likeness he saw between [[cork (materia...
11: ... Each cell stores its own set of instructions for carrying out each of these activities.
15: ... depends upon its ability to extract and use chemical energy stored in organic molecules. This energy ...
16: ... workhorses of cells, such as [[enzyme]]s. A typical [[mammal|mammalian]] cell contains up to 10,000 ... - World War II (58065 bytes)
4: ...[[Second Sino-Japanese War]]), or earlier yet the 1931 Japanese invasion of [[Manchuria]]. Still others ...
6: ...ean Sea]], [[African Theatres of World War II|Africa]], the [[Middle East Theatre of World War II|Midd...
8: ...]'s [[Unit 731]] experiments in [[Pingfan]]. As a case of [[total war]], it involved the "[[home front...
10: ...on of Japan led to its democratization, and China came to split into the Communist [[People's Republic...
22: ...olonies of the British Empire, Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Poland, the Netherlands, Belgium, No... - Timeline of United States history (1930-1949) (8681 bytes)
6: *[[1931]] - [[Empire State Building]] opens
7: *[[1931]] - [[Japan]] invades [[Manchuria]]
34: *[[1934]] - [[Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act]]
41: *[[1935]] - [[Motor Carrier Act]]
61: ...the Worlds (radio)|The War of the Worlds]]'' broadcast - History of the United States (1918-1945) (54688 bytes)
7: ... population to the cities. However agriculture became increasingly mechanized with widespread use of ...
9: ...e United States|US President]] [[Woodrow Wilson]] campaigned for the U.S. toooo join the new [[League ...
14: ...920]] the [[United States Republican Party|Republican Party]] returned to the [[White House]] with the...
16: ...o]], [[film|movies]], [[automobile]]s, and [[chemical]]s) flourished. The unevenness was also geograp...
18: ...r with the young (and was widely reviled as unmusical noise by much of the older generation). [[Dancin... - January 17 (12233 bytes)
1: ...'' is the 17th day of the year in the [[Gregorian Calendar]]. There are 348 days remaining (349 in [[l...
3: {{JanuaryCalendar}}
7: ...rmy at [[Falkirk]] in his ultimately unsuccessful campaign to recover the throne for the [[Jacobite]] ...
8: * [[1773]] - Captain [[James Cook]] becomes the first explorer to...
9: ...arleton]] at the Battle of [[Cowpens]] in [[South Carolina]]. - January 1 (18244 bytes)
1: ...w Year's Day'', and was, with [[Christmas]] and occasionally [[Twelfth Night (holiday)|Twelfth Night]]...
3: {{JanuaryCalendar}}
6: *[[45 BC]] - The [[Julian calendar]] first takes effect.
8: *[[990]] - Russia adopts the Julian calendar.
10: ...[[1600]] - [[Scotland]] begins using the [[Julian calendar]]. - January 2 (10888 bytes)
1: ...(number)|2]]nd day of the year in the [[Gregorian Calendar]]. There are 363 days remaining (364 in [[...
3: {{JanuaryCalendar}}
7: *[[533]] - Mercurius became [[Pope]] [[Pope John II|John II]], the first po...
9: ...757]] - The [[United Kingdom]] captures [[Kolkata|Calcutta]], [[India]].
14: ...tus Beadle]] publishes ''[[The Dime Book of Practical Etiquette]]''. - Skyscraper (12706 bytes)
3: ...tall buildings, but it tends to be applied specifically to residential buildings.
5: ...ngs of over six stories were rare. It was impractical to have people walk up so many flights of stairs...
7: ...t) tall. The other development essential to practical skyscraper development was the invention of the ...
9: ...ucted in [[1884]]-[[1885]] and was destroyed in [[1931]] for the Field's building. Another contender fo...
11: ...her buildings. Buildings up to about four stories can be supported by their walls, while skyscrapers a... - Flood (7770 bytes)
4: ...lood.jpg|thumb|right|Flooding in Asheville, North Carolina in July 1916]]
5: ...absorb water. When a [[rain]]fall does occur, it can sometimes result in a sudden flood of water fill...
7: ...al cycle of flood and farming was of great significance to many early farming cultures, most famously ...
9: == Main causes ==
10: [[Monsoon]] rainfalls can cause disastrous flooding in some equatorial countri... - Charles de Gaulle (41586 bytes)
42: ...1969]]. His [[Ideology#Political_ideologies|political ideology]] is known as [[Gaullism]], which left ...
45: .... Born in [[Lille]], de Gaulle grew up and was educated in [[Paris]].
47: ...ere also more [[liberal]], influenced by [[social Catholicism]]. During the [[Dreyfus affair]] the fam...
49: ==1912–1940: Military career==
50: ... was put in solitary confinement in a retaliation camp. - Bilby (4570 bytes)
2: {{Taxobox image | image = [[Image:bilby_2.jpg]] | caption = ''Greater bilby''}}
16: ...] there were two species. One became extinct in [[1931]], the other survives but remains endangered. T...
20: ...g forelimbs and well-developed claws. A bilby typically makes a number of burrows within its home rang...
24: ...gy)|rabbit]]s. The last confirmed sighting was in 1931. - Tsunami (29462 bytes)
2: ... to generate a tsunami. The effects of a tsunami can range from unnoticeable to devastation.
6: ...historically referred to as ''[[tidal wave]]s'' because as they approach land they take on the charact...
8: ==Causes==
10: ...by itself may trigger an undersea landslide quite capable of generating a tsunami.
12: ...uch large vertical movements of the earth's crust can occur at [[plate boundaries]]. [[Subduction]] ea... - World Series (40101 bytes)
1: ...r season between the pennant winner of the [[American League]] and the pennant winner of the [[Nationa...
3: ...e [[2004 American League Championship Series|American League champion]] the [[Boston Red Sox]]. The Re...
5: ...dvantage was switched every year between the American League and the National League. Starting in 2003...
7: ...n but not earning a [[wild card]] receive them, because there are more divisions and each division is ...
9: ...s against champions in the Japanese or Latin American leagues have, so far, not succeeded. - Chicago Cubs (25972 bytes)
2: ...re a [[Major League Baseball]] team based in [[Chicago]]. They are in the Central Division of the [[N...
4: ... Joined the National Association in [[1871]]. Became a charter [[National League]] member in [[1876]...
5: ...ed players. The ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' tried to call the team the ''Spuds'' around this time, but th...
6: ...'' [[Wrigley Field]], 1060 W. Addison Street, Chicago, IL 60613-4397.
8: ...low the large "C", or the team will make use of a cartoon bear cub. - Chicago White Sox (19057 bytes)
3: .... They are in the Central Division of the [[American League]].
5: ...hicago in 1900 when that league became the [[American League]], which achieved acceptance as a major l...
7: :''Home ballpark:'' [[U.S. Cellular Field]], Chicago. (This park, originally known as New Comiskey ...
10: :''Wild Card titles won'' (0): ''none''
12: :''American League pennants won'' (5): [[1901 in sports|1901... - Cincinnati Reds (19835 bytes)
6: ...e Redlegs, from 1954 to 1960, when the term "Red" carried connotations of [[communism]].
7: :'''Home ballpark:''' [[Great American Ball Park]], Cincinnati
10: :'''Wild Card titles won''' (0): ''none''
13: :'''American Association pennants won''' (1): [[1882]]
23: ... through the remainder of the [[1890s]] signing local stars & aging veterans. - Los Angeles Dodgers (23879 bytes)
3: ...or League Baseball]] team based in [[Los Angeles, California]]. They are in the Western Division of th...
5: ...to the [[American Association (19th century)|American Association]] in [[1884]] and transferred to the...
7: ...Wilbert Robinson, manager from [[1914]] through [[1931]]) and the ''[[Trolley dodger|Trolley Dodgers]]''...
8: ...rs/dodgers.html Part of the wall of the stadium ] can still be seen.)
11: :'''Wild Card titles won''' (1): [[1996]] - Oakland Athletics (34248 bytes)
3: ...on of the [[American League]]. The team is often called the '''A's'''.
5: ...]] in [[1900]] when that league became the [[American League]]. Moved to [[Kansas City, Missouri]] in...
7: :'''Home ballpark:''' [[McAfee Coliseum]], Oakland
9: ...go design:''' A stylized "A's". The team also occasionally uses an [[elephant]] logo.
10: :'''Wild Card titles won''' (1): [[2001]] - St. Louis Cardinals (18903 bytes)
3: {{MLB Cardinals franchise}}
5: The '''St. Louis Cardinals''' are a [[Major League Baseball]] team ba...
7: ...in the [[American Association (19th century)|American Association]]. Moved to [[National League]] in [...
8: ...]), St. Louis Perfectos ([[1899]]). Name became "Cardinals" in [[1900]].
10: :'''Uniform colors:''' Cardinal red, White, and Navy blue - Albert Einstein (43065 bytes)
3: ...lectric effect]] and "for his services to Theoretical Physics".
5: ...s formulated in [[November]] [[1915]], Einstein became world-famous, an unusual achievement for a scie...
7: ...ievement, he remains the most influential theoretical physicist of the modern era. Einstein's reveren...
14: ...n-observant); Albert attended a [[Catholic school|Catholic elementary school]] and, at the insistence ...
16: ...o [[dyslexia]], simple [[shyness]], or the significantly rare and unusual structure of his [[human bra... - Henry Ford (16324 bytes)
2: ...ion of a [[middle class]] in [[United States|American]] society. He was one of the first to apply [[as...
8: ...rned to Dearborn to work on the family farm and became adept at operating the Westinghouse portable st...
10: In [[1891]], Ford became an engineer with the [[Edison Illuminating Comp...
12: ...ompany was reorganized as [[Cadillac (automobile)|Cadillac]].
15: ...honor of a racing locomotive of the day, took the car around the country and thereby made the Ford bra... - Philo Farnsworth (6489 bytes)
1: ...[[inventor]] credited with the invention of the [[cathode ray tube]] [[television]].
5: ...ut-of-state relative and the discovery of a large cache of technology magazines in the attic of the fa...
7: ...ea with his bride, Elma G. "Pem" Farnsworth. A local [[philanthropist]] managing a [[community chest]...
9: ...d Elma "Pem" Gardner and moved to Los Angeles to carry out research.
11: ...nning of his struggle with [[depression]]. Since RCA controlled key patents and manufacture of radio t... - List of sculptors (9151 bytes)
32: *[[Miguel Berrocal]] (1933 - )
43: *[[Caspar Buberl]] (1834 - 1899)
48: *[[Alexander Calder]] (1898 - 1976)
49: *[[Alexander Milne Calder]] (1845 - 1923)
50: *[[Alexander Stirling Calder]] (1870 - 1945) - Atom (12300 bytes)
5: ...[image:Atom.png|align center|Helium atom (not to scale)]]
7: | align="center" | '''Helium atom model (not to scale)'''<br>Showing nucleus with two protons (red) a...
9: ! bgcolor=gray | Classification
14: | Smallest division of a [[chemical element]]
43: ...in the lab, and some (for example, technetium and californium have been identified in supernovae. - Electron microscope (5936 bytes)
2: ...he use of [[electron]]s rather than [[light]] to scatter off material, magnifying at levels up to 500,...
5: The first electron microscope was built in [[1931]] by [[Ernst Ruska]] and [[Max Knoll]] at the [[B...
7: ...]] - the measure of how close together two things can be before they are seen as one.
8: ...00 [[nanometre|nm]], whereas electron microscopes can have resolutions as low as 0.1 nm (1 [[angstrom]...
11: ...image to a computer screen. The image produced is called an electron micrograph (EM). - Lyndon B. Johnson (32801 bytes)
2: | nationality=american
19: ...ess of the United States|US Congress]], Johnson became the [[Vice President of the United States|Vice ...
24: ...]]. Even though he participated in [[debate]] and campus [[politics]], edited the school [[newspaper]]...
27: ...berg]] and was later rewarded for his work in the campaign with an appointment to be the newly elected...
29: As secretary, Lyndon became acquainted with people of influence, found out ... - Herbert Hoover (27123 bytes)
2: | nationality=american
7: | preceded=[[Calvin Coolidge]]
15: | party=[[United States Republican Party|Republican]]
23: ... a doctor and school superintendent whom Hoover recalled as "a severe man on the surface, but like all...
26: ...avid Copperfield]]'', the story of another orphan cast into the world to live by his wits, would remai... - Warren G. Harding (30163 bytes)
2: | nationality=american
8: | succeeded=[[Calvin Coolidge]]
13: | place of death=[[San Francisco]], [[California]]
15: | party=[[Republican party]]
16: | vicepresident=[[Calvin Coolidge]] - Adolf Hitler (51456 bytes)
4: image_caption = |
13: ...[Jew]]s, in a [[genocide]] now known as [[the Holocaust]].
20: ... "irascible tyrant"; however, there is little indication that Alois Hitler treated his son more strict...
22: ... was legally born a Hitler, however, and was ironically closely related to Hiedler through his mother'...
24: ...is along with his known family history were politically explosive, especially for the proponent of a [... - March 17 (9666 bytes)
1: ...'' is the 76th day of the year in the [[Gregorian Calendar]] (77th in [[Leap year]]s). There are 289 d...
3: {{MarchCalendar}}
6: *[[45 BC]] - In his last victory, [[Julius Caesar]] defeats the [[Pompey|Pompeian]] forces of [...
7: *[[1577]] - formation of the [[Cathay Company]] to send [[Martin Frobisher]] back t...
10: *[[1776]] - [[American Revolution]]: [[United Kingdom|British]] forces ... - March 20 (10075 bytes)
1: ...'' is the 79th day of the year in the [[Gregorian Calendar]] (80th in [[Leap year]]s). There are 286 d...
3: {{MarchCalendar}}
11: ...n I of France|Napoleon]] enters [[Paris]] after escaping from [[Elba]] with a regular army of 140,000 ...
12: ...[[1848]] – King [[Ludwig I of Bavaria]] abdicates.
13: ...dash; [[Harriet Beecher Stowe]]'s ''[[Uncle Tom's Cabin]]'' is published. - March 22 (9294 bytes)
1: ...number)|81]]st day of the year in the [[Gregorian Calendar]] (82nd in [[Leap year]]s). There are 284 ...
3: {{MarchCalendar}}
8: ...sachusetts Bay Colony]] outlaws the possession of cards, [[dice]], and gaming tables.
10: ...st direct tax levied from [[England]] on the American colonies.
12: *[[1871]] - In [[North Carolina]], [[William Woods Holden]] becomes the fir... - March 23 (10340 bytes)
1: ...number)|82]]nd day of the year in the [[Gregorian Calendar]] (83rd in [[Leap year]]s). There are 283 ...
3: {{MarchCalendar}}
7: ...[[Second War of Religion]] in [[France]]. Again [[Catherine de Medici]] and [[Charles IX of France]] m...
9: *[[1775]] - [[American Revolutionary War]]: [[Patrick Henry]] delivers ...
13: ...)|John Wickliffe]]'' arrives at [[Port Chalmers]] carrying the first Scottish settlers for [[Dunedin, ... - Springfield, Illinois (6768 bytes)
25: ...ed its city charter in [[1840]]. It was made the capital of Illinois in [[1837]], and the Legislature...
29: ...hborhood; the Herndon-Lincoln law office; the old capitol building; the newly built Abraham Lincoln Pr...
30: ... village of Petersburg, is restored hamlet of log cabins recreating Salem, where Lincoln lived as a yo...
32: ...ght designed for it. Springfield is known for its carrillon and festival. In August, it is the site of...
34: Noted American poet [[Vachel Lindsay]] (1879 - 1931) was born and died in Springfield. Ragtime compos... - Columbus, Ohio (27104 bytes)
2: ...io]] in the [[United States|United States of America]].
4: ... United States). With regard to Combined Statistical Areas (and including Chilicothe and Marion), Col...
10: ==Education==
35: ...n Westerville, [[DeVry University]], [[Ohio Dominican University]], and [[Columbus State Community Col...
37: ...Charles Preparatory School]], and the [[Columbus Academy]] and Bishop Hartley High School. - List of mathematicians (37424 bytes)
1: ...elow in [[English language|English]] [[alphabet]]ical [[transliteration]] order (by [[surname]]).
12: ... Abraham|Ralph H. Abraham]] (USA, [[University of California, Santa Cruz]])
37: *[[Cahit Arf]] (Turkey, [[1910]] - [[1997]])
99: *[[Carlo Emilio Bonferroni]] (Italy [[1892]] - [[1960]]...
105: ...Bortkiewicz]] (Poland/Russia/Germany [[1868]] - [[1931]]) - List of astronomers (40322 bytes)
39: ...tarchus]] ([[Samos]], circa [[310 BC]] – circa [[230 BC]])
55: *[[John Bahcall]] ([[United States|USA]], [[1934]] – )
103: ...[[Robert Burnham, Jr.]] ([[United States|USA]], [[1931]] – [[1993]])
109: *[[William Wallace Campbell]] ([[United States|USA]], [[1862]] – ...
110: *[[Annie Jump Cannon]] ([[United States|USA]], [[1863]] – [[... - American comic book (14771 bytes)
3: '''American comic books''' are typically small magazines containing fictional stories i...
5: ...number of historical changes have influenced American comic books in general at different times.
13: ...c book" was adapted from "comic strip". This has caused some confusion over time, since "comic book" ...
15: ...[Tintin]] au Congo" had already been published in 1931.
17: In February [[1935]], [[National Periodical Publications]] published ''[[New Fun Comics]]'', which co... - Mahatma Gandhi (35350 bytes)
4: image_caption=''"[[Father of the Nation|Father of the nati...
13: ...', was the [[charisma]]tic leader who brought the cause of [[India|India's]] independence from [[Briti...
18: ...sects. He was born into the vaishya, or business, caste. At the age of 13 Gandhi married [[Kasturba Ga...
23: ...vegetarians he met were members of the [[Theosophical Society]], which had been founded in 1875 by [[H...
25: ... in [[KwaZulu-Natal Province|Natal]], [[South Africa]]. - List of philosophers (79981 bytes)
1: ... the history of philosophy)'', '''listed alphabetically:'''
65: *[[Ammonius Saccas]], (3rd century){{fn|C}}
80: *[[Anselm of Canterbury|Anselm]], (1034-1109){{fn|C}}{{fn|O}}{{fn...
81: *[[Antiochus of Ascalon]], (c. 130-68 BC){{fn|C}}{{fn|O}}{{fn|R}}
165: *[[Cesare, Marquis of Beccaria]], (1738-1794){{fn|C}} - July 24 (8660 bytes)
1: ...in [[leap year]]s) of the year in the [[Gregorian Calendar]], with 160 days remaining.
3: {{JulyCalendar}}
7: ...]] to halt [[Jacob Brown]]'s [[United States|American]] invaders.
10: ...tle of Kernstown]] - [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] General [[Jubal Anderson Early|Juba...
11: ... the [[United States|Union]] following the [[American Civil War]]. - List of male tennis players (14849 bytes)
5: *[[Andre Agassi]] ([[1970]]-) - ([[:Category:American tennis players|United States]])
6: ...[:Category:South African tennis players|South Africa]] - doubles specialist
8: ...tennis player)|John Alexander]] ([[1951]]-) - ([[:Category:Australian tennis players|Australia]])
10: *[[Manuel Alonso]] ([[1895]]-[[1984]]) ([[:Category:Spanish tennis players|Spain]])
13: *[[Vijay Amritraj]] ([[1953]]-) - ([[:Category:Indian tennis players|India]]) - Causes of the Great Depression (21364 bytes)
1: ...of the Great Depression, many formulated in the decades since its occurance.
3: ...rgue that the Great Depression was caused by cyclical factors which reached a particularly acute point...
12: ...isrupted the ability of the banking system to allocate credit, and that the result was a sharp contrac...
16: ...e of wealth held by the very top of the economic scale, and would create financial difficulties for ma...
18: ...ade surplus, but in 1930, what seemed like a cyclical downturn in the economy turned into a massive ec... - New Deal (82408 bytes)
5: ...mic recovery, and financial reform; this was also called the 'Three Rs'.
7: ...o called them "appropriate responses to the critical situation."<ref>Parker 2002, Friedman, ''Two Luc...
9: ... of the New Deal's efforts to help corporate America were channeled through a Hoover program, the [[Re...
11: ... the means of production. Milton Friedman is typical of a majority of economists who have criticized ...
13: ...ns, European and African-American minorities (now called "ethnics"), some farm groups, and most Southe... - Guitar (36953 bytes)
1: ...ar.png|thumb|160px|right|The classical guitar typically has 3 [[nylon]] and 3 [[nickel]]-wound strings...
4: ...itar''' is a [[string instrument|stringed]] [[musical instrument]] played with the [[fingerpicking|fi...
6: ...d in most electric guitars) and a '''neck'''. Typically, a '''headstock''' extends from the neck for t...
8: ...ic guitar|electric]] (i.e. with electrical amplification) or both.
10: Guitars are used in a wide variety of musical styles. They are made and repaired by [[luthiers... - List of Governors of Wisconsin (3807 bytes)
8: <tr bgcolor=#DDEEFF><td>4<td>[[Arthur MacArthur, Sr.]]<td>Democrat<td>1856 - 1856
9: ...ford]]<td>[[United States Republican Party|Republican]]<td>1856 - 1858
10: ...FE8E8><td>6<td>[[Alexander W. Randall]]<td>Republican<td>1858 - 1862
11: ...or=#FFE8E8><td>7<td>[[Louis P. Harvey]]<td>Republican<td>1862 - 1862
12: ...lor=#FFE8E8><td>8<td>[[Edward Salomon]]<td>Republican<td>1862 - 1864 - The Star-Spangled Banner (15265 bytes)
4: ...s these were sold from a catalog of Thomas Carr's Carr Music Store in [[Baltimore]]. Currently this is...
6: ...ates|Congressional]] resolution on [[March 3]], [[1931]].
9: ... British prisoners praising Beanes and other Americans for their kind treatment.
11: ...today on display in the [[National Museum of American History]], a part of the [[Smithsonian Instituti...
17: ...actor Ferdinand Durang sang the song at Captain McCauley's [[tavern]]. - Indus Valley Civilization (23571 bytes)
2: ... the Indus Valley''', in reference to its first excavated city of [[Harappa]].
7: ...00 BC in the western part of South Asia. Geographically, it was spread over an area of some 1,250,000 ...
11: ...me of the scholars who accept this hypothesis advocate changing the name of the culture to the "Sarasw...
17: ...nguage the people spoke. We do not know what they called themselves. All of these facts stand in stark...
20: ...civilization grew out of this culture's technological base, as well as its geographic expansion into t... - Knights Hospitaller (26158 bytes)
1: ...tate under the King of Sicily. The medi涡l Order can be said to have come to an end following its eje...
5: ...rno]] in [[Italy]] were given permission by the [[Caliph]] Haroun el Raschid of [[Egypt]] to rebuild t...
7: ...epulchre]] in Jerusalem. Initially the group just cared for those pilgrims who made it to Jerusalem bu...
9: ...e [[Krak des Chevaliers]], and [[Margat]], both located near [[Tripoli, Lebanon|Tripoli]]. The propert...
15: ...s well as the Anatolian ports of [[Bodrum]] and [[Castellorizon]]. - History of Germany (53864 bytes)
3: ...people were not fully unified into a single political unit until the late 19th century, they exerted i...
5: ...h;1918 was often known as the second Reich to indicate its descent from the medieval empire. By the sa...
7: ... the Roman-Germanic period and ends with the Unification of the two Germanys in [[1990]]. For further ...
15: ...ius Quinctilius Varus]] was defeated by the Cheruscan leader [[Arminius]] (Hermann) in the [[Battle of...
21: ...AD the Franks defeated the Alemanni, accepted the Catholic faith and so gained the support of the Chur... - Cell (29541 bytes)
2: ...t of all [[life|living]] [[organism]]s, sometimes called the "building blocks of life." Some organisms...
5: ... room. The name was chosen by [[Robert Hooke]] because of the likeness he saw between [[cork (materia...
11: ... Each cell stores its own set of instructions for carrying out each of these activities.
15: ... depends upon its ability to extract and use chemical energy stored in organic molecules. This energy ...
16: ... workhorses of cells, such as [[enzyme]]s. A typical [[mammal|mammalian]] cell contains up to 10,000 ... - Christmas (35108 bytes)
4: ...itish Christmas themes in literature and media, local and regional Christmas traditions remain diverse...
9: ...00px| silhouette drawing of the Three Wise Men on camels following the star of Bethlehem]]
12: ...n of Bethlehem killed in order to eliminate any local rivals to his power. When Jesus and his family ...
14: ...earby shepherds of Jesus' birth . Some Christmas carols refer to the shepherds observing a huge star ...
16: ...n the accounts of Matthew and Luke were written decades later, without confirmation by eyewitnesses, h...
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