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  1. Roman Forum (4543 bytes)
    24: ...quarry for new buildings being undertaken in Rome after a long lapse. Artist from the late 15th centur...

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  1. History of China (45919 bytes)
    7: ...d redistribute crops, and to support specialist craftsmen and administrators: in short, civilization a...
    28: ...ilosophy)|Legalism]] and [[Mohism]] were founded. After further political consolidation, seven promine...
    48: *[[Rafe de Crespigny|de Crespigny, Rafe]]. 1977. The Ch’iang Barbarians and the Em...
    49: ...licies and Strategies of the Later Han Empire''. Rafe de Crespigny. 1984. Faculty of Asian Studies, Au...
    50: ...y history of the Three Kingdoms state of Wu'' by Rafe de Crespigny, in Asian Studies Monographs, New S...
  2. Eleanor Roosevelt (11183 bytes)
    5: ...Freedom House]]. She chaired the committee that drafted and approved the [[UN Universal Declaration of...
    13: ...of the Democratic Party, which Alice viewed as an afront to Theodore Roosevelt's position as President...
    15: ...ecome the Mrs. Roosevelt?s column ''[[My Day]]''. After a few years away from Washington Hickok return...
    22: ... for their racism), she was the connection to the African-American population and helped Mr. Roosevelt...
    31: ==Life After the White House==
  3. Marilyn Monroe (30186 bytes)
    8: ...parents until Ida, rather cruelly, corrected her. After Marilyn's death, Ida claimed that she and Wayn...
    10: ...hat she had bought a house for them. A few months after moving in, she suffered a breakdown. Marilyn r...
    12: ... Grace McKee, later Goddard, became her guardian. After Grace married in [[1935]], Norma Jeane was sen...
    16: ... her fortune and to this very day - over 40 years after her mysterious death - she still generates hug...
    18: ...was here that her name was changed. She was named after an actress called Marilyn Miller and Monroe wa...
  4. United Nations (29685 bytes)
    24: ... came into existence on [[October 24]], [[1945]], after the Charter had been ratified by the five perm...
    33: ...The advent of [[nuclear weapon]]s came only weeks after the signing of the Charter and provided immedi...
    60: ...laces suffering from famine, displaced by war, or afflicted by
    69: ... fair elections, improving judicial structures, drafting constitutions, training human rights official...
    108: ... the form of agricultural commodities donated for afflicted populations, but the majority is financial...
  5. Saxophone (14311 bytes)
    11: ...ld legally manufacture or modify the instruments. After 1866 many modifications were introduced by a n...
    14: ...me debate amongst players as to whether the curve affects the tone or not.
    20: ...c]] saxophones made by the [[Grafton saxophone| Grafton]] company, and the rare wooden saxophones.
    25: ...etal mouthpieces, any mouthpiece may have a high baffle. A larger tip opening allows for greater flex...
    33: ... the staff to an F# three leger lines above the staff. Higher notes -- those in the altissimo range (r...
  6. Trumpet (13239 bytes)
    1: [[Image:USAFE Band trumpeter.jpg|frame|right|Trumpeter perform...
    8: ...umpet's tube itself. The shape of the mouthpiece affects the [[timbre]] or quality of sound and the e...
    19: ...r mouthpiece size, the player's [[embouchure]] is affected much more severely than when playing a regu...
    28: ... seen, particularly after the addition of valves (after about [[1800]]), and its use and instruction b...
    62: ...ingerings are left undefined after "E above the staff."
  7. Earth (30908 bytes)
    7: ...es;10<sup>9</sup>) [[year]]s ago and shortly thereafter acquired its single [[natural satellite]], the...
    19: ...volcanoes and cracks in the ocean floors (see [[seafloor spreading]]). Much of Earth's crust is less t...
    86: ...hemistry|chemical]] discontinuity between [[ultramafic]] cumulates and tectonized [[Peridotite|harzbur...
    108: ...ntological]] evidence indicates that at one point after blue-green bacteria ([[Cyanobacteria]]) had co...
    153: ...ite]]s orbiting other planets are called "moons", after Earth's Moon.
  8. Australia (39438 bytes)
    71: ...eration|Federation]] of the Colonies was achieved after a decade of planning, consultation and voting,...
    73: ... U.S. under the auspices of the [[ANZUS]] treaty. After World War II, Australia encouraged mass migrat...
    95: ...Army]], and the [[Royal Australian Air Force]] (RAAF). All branches of the ADF have been involved in U...
    101: ...wealth Parliament can legislate directly in their affairs. By contrast, the powers of the states are p...
    111: ...s, and separated from Asia by the [[Arafura Sea|Arafura]] and [[Timor Sea|Timor]] seas, with total of ...
  9. Nigeria (19231 bytes)
    1: ...in City]]. The country's name is unrelated to its African heritage; it was proposed by a ''[[The Times...
    57: ... as a terminal of north-south trade between North African [[Berber]]s and forest people. In the early ...
    61: ...rs established coastal ports for the increasing traffic in [[slave]]s destined for the American contin...
    67: ... the Biafran populace, Philip Effiong, Chief of Staff of the rebel army accepted the terms of surrende...
    69: ..., [[Olusegun Obasanjo]]. A new constitution was drafted in 1977, and elections were held in 1979, whic...
  10. Ethiopia (20233 bytes)
    1: ...maintained independence during the [[Scramble for Africa]], and continued to do so until [[1936]], whe...
    40: ...ngdom|British]]) [http://www.civicwebs.com/cwvlib/africa/ethiopia/pankhurst/history_of_northern_ethiop...
    65: ...os II]] that Ethiopia began to take part in world affairs once again.
    67: ...e 1880s were marked by [[European colonization of Africa]] and some modernisation, when the [[Italian]...
    83: Ethiopia remains one of Africa's poorest states: many Ethiopians rely on [[f...
  11. Jordan (20715 bytes)
    94: ...ath in February 1999. Abdullah moved quickly to reaffirm Jordan's [[Israel-Jordan Treaty of Peace|peac...
    108: *[[Al Mafraq]]
    110: *[[Tafileh|At Tafilah]]
    144: ...dan and the Gulf countries improved substantially after King Hussein's death. Following the fall of th...
  12. Turkey (41694 bytes)
    58: ... state begins on [[May 19]], [[1919]], with [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]]'s onset of the Independence War...
    60: ... [[Treaty of Sevres]], under the command of [[Mustafa Kemal]] Pasha. The war mobilised every available...
    74: Image:MustafaKemalATATURK.jpg|[[Kemal Atatürk]] - Founder
    84: ...urts have no jury system; judges render decisions after establishing the facts in each case based on e...
    96: ... identity, and guided through the legacy of [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]]'s policy of ''"Peace at Home an...
  13. Madagascar (29377 bytes)
    2: ... the [[Indian Ocean]], off the eastern coast of [[Africa]]. Madagascar is the [[List of islands by si...
    10: national_motto = Tanindrazana, Fahafahana, Fandrosoana <br> ''([[Malagasy language|Mal...
    53: ...e]] sea captain [[Diego Dias]] sighted the island after his ship became separated from a fleet going t...
    59: ...Morocco]], and [[Syria]] during [[World War II]]. After France fell to the [[Germany|Germans]], the [[...
    61: ...scar revolt|nationalist uprising]] was suppressed after several months of bitter fighting. The French ...
  14. Brunei (7197 bytes)
  15. South Africa (40100 bytes)
    1: ...ependent [[nation]], entirely surrounded by South African territory.
    3: ... as well as many white, coloured and Indian South Africans.
    5: ...e largest and most well-developed of the entire [[Africa]]n continent, with modern [[infrastructure]] ...
    7: {{South Africa infobox}}
    9: South Africa has 11 official languages: [[Afrikaans]], [[English language|English]], [[Zulu la...
  16. Barbados (21887 bytes)
    15: ...To work the plantations, slaves were brought from Africa; the [[slave trade]] ceased a few years befor...
    21: ...ference with the United Kingdom in June [[1966]]. After years of peaceful and democratic progress, Bar...
    124: ...s (also known colloquially as ''Bajan'') are of [[African]] descent, mostly descendants of the [[slave...
    173: ...kit/HDR04_PKE_HDI.pdf 29th] (3rd in the Americas, after [[Canada]] and the [[United States]]
    202: ...tp://www.foreign.gov.bb/ideal.htm Min. of Foreign Affairs - All About Barbados]
  17. Botswana (22276 bytes)
    1: ...[Economic system|economy]], closely tied to South Africa's, is dominated by [[cattle]] raising and [[m...
    56: ...th Africa]]), which came into the area from South Africa during the Zulu wars of the early 1800s. Prio...
    58: ... [[Setswana]]-speaking people today live in South Africa.
    60: ...34 regularized tribal rule and powers. A European-African advisory council was formed in 1951, and the...
    62: ... government was moved from [[Mafikeng]], in South Africa, to newly established [[Gaborone]] in [[1965]...
  18. Guyana (12153 bytes)
    117: ...mained predominantly rural, the [[Africa]]ns or [[Afro-Guyanese]] (36%) who constitute the majority ur...
    195: ...mation] - News, history and more info on Guyanese affairs
  19. Zimbabwe (16088 bytes)
    1: ...River|Limpopo]] rivers. It is bordered by [[South Africa]] to the south, [[Botswana]] to the west, [[Z...
    52: ...and their territory (named "Rhodesia" in [[1895]] after Cecil Rhodes) and promoted the colonization of...
    54: ...olicy of NIBMAR - No Independence Before Majority African Rule.
    60: ...rate accord with three black leaders who offered safeguards for whites headed by Bishop [[Abel Muzorew...
    62: ...cked credibility among significant sectors of the African population. The Muzorewa government soon fal...
  20. Finland (29511 bytes)
    57: ...s the [[Greater Wrath]] and the [[Lesser Wrath]]. After that, "Finland" became the predominant term fo...
    59: ... of Russia|Russian Emperor Alexander I]] and thereafter remained an autonomous [[Grand Duchy of Finlan...
    61: On [[December 6]], [[1917]], shortly after the [[Bolshevik Revolution]] in Russia, [[Finl...
    71: After the Second World War, Finland was in the grey ...
    84: ...ratic Party of Finland|Social Democrats]] &mdash; after [[1944]] also [[Communist Party of Finland|Com...
  21. Pakistan (74854 bytes)
    15: leader_names = [[Pervez Musharraf]]<br />[[Shaukat Aziz]] |
    51: ...[Central Asia]]. The country borders [[India]], [[Afghanistan]], [[Iran]] (Persia), [[People's Republi...
    56: ...ory of Iran]], [[History of India]], [[History of Afghanistan]]''
    59: ...s]]) and also of countries including [[India]], [[Afghanistan]] and [[Persian Empire|Persia]] ([[Iran]...
    62: ...rs (such as [[Theodamas]]) and as administrators, after the area was conquered by various Central Asia...
  22. Portugal (61755 bytes)
    5: ...[[Portuguese Empire]] stretched across the world. After the rise of other colonial powers, Portugal de...
    25: ...ly [[Berber]] with some [[Arab]], mainly expelled after the [[Christian]] reconquest or [[Reconquista]...
    27: ...s son, [[Afonso I of Portugal|Afonso Henriques]] (Afonso I), took control of the county. The city of [...
    29: ... 5]], [[1143]], Portugal was formally recognized. Afonso, aided by the [[Templar Knights]], continued ...
    31: ...ile]] who would therefore be the King of Portugal after Fernando's death. However, the impending loss...
  23. Ancient Rome (25155 bytes)
    1: ...ivilization]] that existed in [[Europe]], [[North Africa]], and the [[Middle East]] between [[753 BC]]...
    11: ...river and the ford, Rome was at a crossroads of traffic and trade.
    23: ...nic wars]], conquering [[Sicily]] and [[Iberia]]. After defeating [[Macedonia]] and the [[Seleucids]] ...
    25: ...sulting Civil War, and was made dictator for life after refusing the title of king. He took on too muc...
    33: ...o-emperors, although this often led to civil war. After [[395 AD]] the empire became permanently split...
  24. Florida (24937 bytes)
    43: ...rida joined the CSA on [[February 10]], [[1861]]. After the fall of the Confederacy in 1865, Florida w...
    76: ...[Gulf of Mexico]] seemingly "pop up" in the early afternoon and can often bring heavy downpours, high ...
    98: <tr><td> </td><td> [[African American|Black]]</td><td>14.6%</td></tr>
    104: The five largest ancestries in the state are: [[African American]] (14.6%), [[German-American|German...
  25. Alexander the Great (42049 bytes)
    4: ...a;&#8051;&xi;&alpha;&nu;&delta;&rho;&omicron;&sigmaf;}} ("Megas Alexandros"), King of [[Macedon]] ([[3...
    6: ...les. Already during his lifetime, and especially after his death, his exploits inspired a literary tr...
    9: ...ated not by Philip, who was afraid of her and her affinity for sleeping in the company of snakes, but ...
    11: After his visit to the [[Oracle]] of Ammon at Siwah,...
    16: After the death of Philip, Alexander, then aged 20, ...
  26. Ming Dynasty (65624 bytes)
    6: ... Yellow River, the prospect of rebellion ripened. After many years of fighting, the rebel group led by...
    8: ...lars, from whom he received an education in state affairs. He then positioned himself as defender of [...
    12: ...and private slavery was forbidden. Consequently, after the death of [[Yongle Emperor of China|Yongle ...
    16: ...central administrative body under past dynasties, after suppressing a plot for which he had blamed his...
    18: ...ate, and liquidating those who commented on state affairs. Hongwu had a strong aversion to the imperi...
  27. Trajans Column (10003 bytes)
    3: ...eze winds around the shaft 23 times. Inside the shaft, a spiral staircase of 185 stairs provides acces...
    9: A continuous frieze winds up around the shaft from base to capital. The relief portrays Trajan...
    19: ...ct on the forum. The column proper, that is the shaft without the pedestal, the statue and its base, i...
    21: ...al alternatives of 12 or 16. The quality of the craftsmanship was such that the staircase is practical...
    61: ...ndôme, Napoleon's figure can be picked up, scene after scene.
  28. Carnivorous plant (44834 bytes)
    13: ...[pitcher plant]]s), which trap prey in a rolled leaf that contains a pool of digestive enzymes;
    15: *Snap traps, which trap prey with rapid leaf movements;
    30: rolled leaf, whose margins have been sealed together. These p...
    34: zipped up leaf margins that allows excess water to flow out of t...
    45: [[operculum]], which is essentially a flared leaflet that covers the opening of the
  29. History of the United States (1776-1789) (19792 bytes)
    5: ... The [[Battle of Lexington and Concord]], coming after a dozen years of escalating political conflict...
    9: ...ndependence|Declaration of Independence]]. The drafting of the Declaration was the responsibility of ...
    13: In the aftermath of war, economic depression and the weakne...
    21: ...ain, preoccupied by civil war and other problems. After the conclusion of the world war, known in Euro...
    25: ...tinental Congress]] first met in May 1775, in the aftermath of armed clashes between [[Massachusetts]]...
  30. Pompeii (10901 bytes)
    3: ...(see below), whose uncle [[Pliny the Elder]] died after travelling across the bay with a flotilla of n...
    9: ...River]] or [[Sarnus River]], already in use as a safe port by [[Greece|Greek]] and [[Phoenicia]]n sail...
    11: ...ns, in [[80 BCE]] Pompeii was forced to surrender after the conquest of [[Nola]]. It became a Roman co...
    18: ...no buried the city and obscured the sun on a mild afternoon. Coincidentally, the date was that of the ...
    20: ...ne tree emanating from the mouth of the mountain. After some time the cloud rushed down the flanks of ...
  31. Christianity (47078 bytes)
    21: ...nd settled after early persecutions in [[Judea]]. After Jesus' death, early Christian doctrine was tau...
    29: ...travels and witnessed his miracles and teachings. After his crucifixion, his apostles and other follow...
    35: * via [[Egypt]] into [[North Africa]], [[Sudan]] and [[Ethiopia]]
    49: ...rity of the [[Assyrian Church of the East]]. Soon after, during the [[Nestorian Schism]], this church ...
    52: ...ong the Germanic tribes for almost two centuries, after the decision of the council.
  32. Dentistry (9670 bytes)
    9: ...graduate study before obtaining a B.D.S. degree. After graduating most dentists will enter a V.T. (vo...
    11: ... or [[D.M.D. (Doctor of Dental Medicine)]] degree after 4 years of postgraduate college education whic...
    13: ...e 2-6 years of further formal university training after dental school. The specialties are [[orthodon...
    37: ...rio]]. The [[University of Toronto]] agreed to be affiliated with the dental school. As time passed, o...
    54: ...uld only take 2-3 years. It is accepted that only after 5 years of such training would the trainees ac...
  33. Pope Sergius III (3716 bytes)
    3: ...ho had to withdraw from his see at Cerveteri for safety. Elected Pope in 897, Sergius was forcibly exi...
    7: ...e-ordained, an unwelcomed decision reversed again after his death. His nemeses, [[Pope Leo V]] and the...
  34. Carthage (20744 bytes)
    3: ...'QRT HD&#352;T''), was an ancient city in [[North Africa]] located on the eastern side of [[Lake Tunis...
    8: ... the city began a systematic conquest of both the African interior and the coastal lands.
    10: ...]]n tribes, spreading its control along the North African coast from modern [[Morocco]] to the borders...
    17: ...arthaginian ships went down the Atlantic coast of Africa and brought back gold from as far as [[Senega...
    19: ...hey could, or just bargaining in open-air markets after getting off their ship.
  35. Badminton (12494 bytes)
    30: ...ng, the serving player or pair scores one point. After winning a point the same player serves again, ...
    31: In doubles, one server starts the game, and after losing a rally the serve switches to the oppos...
    51: ...uttle to almost anywhere on the court at 300 km/h after correctly executing a jump smash. In a smash, ...
    88: ...France as by founding members. India joined as an affiliate in [[1936]].
  36. Tampa Bay Devil Rays (7282 bytes)
  37. Mountain biking (7992 bytes)
    11: ...irst time in San Francisco, USA. ([http://www.usdeafsports.org/2006cycling/index.html])
  38. Timeline of Ancient Rome (22347 bytes)
    45: * [[338 BC]] &#8211; Latin League dissolved after yet another rebellion
    64: ...2 BC]] &#8211; [[Scipio Africanus Major]] invades Africa, Hannibal recalled and defeated in the [[Batt...
    78: ...ia (province)|Macedonia]] and [[Africa (province)|Africa]] are annexed as [[roman provinces|provinces]...
    79: ...11; The tribune [[Tiberius Gracchus]] is murdered after approving an agrarian reform
    81: ...ransalpine Gaul]] (south of modern France) and a safe land route to Hispania
  39. Roman Empire (59037 bytes)
    5: ...sent the Imperial insignia to [[Constantinople]]. After another millennium, in [[1453]], the Eastern E...
    9: ...[Byzantine]] period, more than one thousand years after they were created, and displays of imperial ma...
    33: ... Romanizing extensive territories in the East, in Africa, in Hispania and Gaul, beyond those areas tha...
    74: ...espasian became a major contender for the throne. After the suicide of [[Otho]], Vespasian was able to...
    84: ...imated much of Rome. His generosity in rebuilding after these tragedies made him very popular. Titus w...
  40. Titus (3154 bytes)
    7: ...ispersed. While in Jerusalem he also began a love affair with [[Berenice of Cilicia]], sister of [[Her...
    13: After just two years, Titus died of a fever. He was ...
    18: ...man Emperors|Roman Emperor]]|before=[[Vespasian]]|after=[[Domitian]]|years=79&ndash;81}}
  41. Cactus (4931 bytes)
    16: ... similar environments in other parts of the world after being introduced by man.
    20: ...s assumed this explains why cacti do not occur in Africa; the continents had already separated when ca...
    23: ...cipitation (meteorology)|precipitation]]. The [[leaf|leaves]] have evolved into [[spine (biology)|spin...
  42. Jimmy Carter (33280 bytes)
    21: ...viet invasion of Afghanistan|Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan]]. [[Inflation]] and interest rates reac...
    34: After World War II, he and Rosalynn started a family...
    56: ...istration found themselves disappointed. Two days after the speech, Carter asked for the resignations ...
    73: ...nochet]], the [[apartheid]] government of [[South Africa]], and other traditional allies.
    81: ...from the United States not to interfere in Iran's affairs in the future. Though later that year the Sh...
  43. Lyndon B. Johnson (32801 bytes)
    19: ...ted States|presidency]] ([[1963]]&ndash;[[1969]]) after [[John F. Kennedy assassination|Kennedy's assa...
    27: Soon after he graduated from college, Johnson taught publ...
    31: ...ady Bird), a young woman who was also from Texas. After only a short period of dating, the two were ma...
    36: ...e in [[Freemasonry]] on [[October 30]], [[1937]]. After receiving the degree he found that his congres...
    41: ...s. Johnson was immediately appointed to the Naval Affairs Committee, a job that carried high importanc...
  44. Franklin D. Roosevelt (74009 bytes)
    20: ...was brought to fruition as the [[United Nations]] after his death.
    22: ...and his failure to advance [[civil rights]] for [[African Americans]]. Some conservatives such as [[Ro...
    30: ...'s early years. He later told friends that he was afraid of her all his life. He received his early ed...
    44: ...n [[William Howard Taft]]. Franklin's dislike of Taft's administration drove him into politics. In [[1...
    46: ...ved in the frequent American interventions in the affairs of Central American and Caribbean countries:...
  45. Trajan (7787 bytes)
    5: ...ny well-known Ulpii in a line that continued long after his own death.
    13: ...King [[Decebalus]] to submit to him a year later, after Trajan took the Dacian capital [[Sarmizegetusa...
    32: ...ra of the [[Byzantine Empire]], every new emperor after Trajan was honored by the Senate with the pray...
    44: ...f Roman Emperors|Roman Emperor]]|before=[[Nerva]]|after=[[Hadrian]]|years=98&ndash;117}}
  46. Julius Caesar (50670 bytes)
    13: ...o make matters worse, in the year [[85 BC]], just after Caesar turned 15, his father grew ill and soon...
    23: In [[69 BC]], Caesar became a widower after Cornelia's death trying to deliver a stillborn...
    34: ...re of temples, maintenance of public buildings, traffic, and other aspects of Rome's daily life. Perha...
    36: ...orum'', the responsibility of all Roman religious affairs and the custody of the [[Vestal virgin]]s un...
    51: ...r and Bibulus was often referred to jokingly thereafter as the year of "Julius and Caesar".
  47. Pompey (25785 bytes)
    3: ...ly outmaneuver [[Julius Caesar]] and dominate the affairs of the [[Roman Republic]], was defeated in t...
    8: ...so acquired a prot駩 of his own with the young staff officer, [[Marcus Tullius Cicero]]. According to...
    10: ...rtune. Despite his youth, Pompey sided with Sulla after his return from the [[Mithridatic War]] in [[8...
    14: ==Sicily and Africa==
    19: ...ield in Africa. Pompey demanded a triumph for his African victories. Pompey refused to disband his leg...
  48. Caesar Augustus (50559 bytes)
    3: ...efore his assassination on the [[Ides of March]]. After the years of civil war that followed, Octavian...
    7: ...omana]], which continued for nearly two centuries after his death. His military exploits would extend ...
    23: ...d landed in [[Brundisium]], where he decided the safest course of action was an appeal to Caesar&#8217...
    25: ...ring move, and seemingly necessary to ensure his safety, it turned out to be the only way to ensure hi...
    34: After forcing through his own political agenda in Ro...
  49. Roman architecture (3399 bytes)
  50. Architectural history (13369 bytes)
    33: ...e. Though divine wisdom still presided over human affairs, the living rituals of ancient civilizations...
    41: ...s before [[Christ]] and much of the Western world after that. The Roman problem of rulership involved ...
  51. Pirate (23151 bytes)
    12: ...[[Straits of Malacca]]. Originally a culture of seafaring people, their name became synonymous with pi...
    48: ... of the prize. Pirates injured in battle might be afforded special compensation. Often all of these te...
    60: ...gings of the crew and the contents of the ship's safe, which might contain large amounts of cash neede...
    62: ...wer cruising speeds to allow for navigation and traffic control making them prime targets for piracy.
    82: ...ed the sea for their [[hit and run]] tactics - a safe place to retreat to if battle turned against the...
  52. Benjamin Franklin (22881 bytes)
    13: ...0]], [[1689]]) (the first Joseph having died soon after birth).
    23: ...n a new city. He was not satisfied, however, and after a few months was induced by Pennsylvania Gover...
    34: ...ranklin began to concern himself more with public affairs. In 1743, he set forth a scheme for an Acade...
    40: ...[cgs]] unit of [[electric charge]] has been named after him: one ''franklin'' (Fr) is equal to one [[s...
    52: ...klin was involved in the creation of not only the aforementioned first volunteer fire department and f...
  53. Economy of Russia (68844 bytes)
    17: ...id development of its defense and industrial base after the war permitted the Soviet Union to become a...
    32: ...cial collapse of the Soviet regime and two months after the August 1991 coup against the Gorbachev reg...
    40: Immediately after the dissolution of the Soviet Union was announ...
    49: ...on these deposits to pay wages and other expenses after the Government had tightened restrictions on m...
    51: ...ernment froze interenterprise debts. Shortly thereafter, the government provided 181 billion rubles (a...
  54. Sweden (27111 bytes)
    3: ..., about as long as Sweden has been [[Christian]]. After the allegedly notorious [[Vikings]], Sweden sp...
    22: ..._names = [[Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden|Carl XVI Gustaf]]<br>[[G&ouml;ran Persson]] |
    53: ...den; with the times'') is adopted by Carl XVI Gustaf as his personal motto in his role as Swedish mona...
    65: ...the sea and were powerful in both arms and ships. After that, the sources are scarce.
    76: ...[[Foundation of modern Sweden]], and shortly thereafter carrying through a [[Protestant Reformation]]....
  55. History of Slovakia (43199 bytes)
    19: ...nt source of enrichment for the local population. After the disappearance of the Cakany and Velatice c...
    21: ...ovakia during the last period of the [[Iron Age]] after the battles that took place between the Scytho...
    51: ... epoch of Bishop Amand, an apostle of the Belges. After his mission, the arrival of travelling Irish a...
    53: ...]. This designation was assigned 100 years later, after its disappearance, by the Byzantine Emperor Co...
    55: ...n his efforts of Christianization in this region. After his death in 861, his son Kocel, who ruled the...
  56. Buddhist philosophy (14386 bytes)
    95: After the death of the Buddha, attempts were made to...
    100: Very soon after, additional teachings began to be added to the...
    108: * [[David Hume]], after a relentless analysis of the mind, concluded t...
  57. Rome (33048 bytes)
    49: ...iver and the ford, Rome was at a cross roads of traffic following the river valley and of traders trav...
    52: ...th [[Mediterranean]] people, perhaps from [[North Africa]]. In the [[8th century BC]] these Italic spe...
    57: After [[650 BC]], the Etruscans became dominant in I...
    59: ...ruscans came into direct contact with the Greeks. After initial success in conflicts with the Greek co...
    64: ...s from Gaul who had successfully invaded Etruria. After that Rome went on the offensive conquering the...
  58. Sikhism (31029 bytes)
    4: ...west [[India]] (in what is present day Pakistan). After four epic journeys (north to [[Tibet]], south ...
    16: ... Guru Nanak said, does not mean entering paradise after a last judgment, but a union and absorption in...
    18: ...raddling modern-day [[India]] and [[Pakistan]], [[Afghanistan]] and [[Kashmir]] was ruled by them. The...
    30: ... Singh's sons, Gobind Singh sent Aurangzeb the [[Zafarnama]] (''Notification of Victory'').
    83: #'''Uphold Moral Values:''' Defend, safeguard, and fight for the rights of all creatures,...
  59. Origami (9154 bytes)
    15: ...n origami, inspired a modern renaissance of the craft. His work was promoted through the studies of [...
  60. World Heritage Site (2339 bytes)
    11: *[[List of World Heritage Sites in Africa]]
  61. New Deal (82408 bytes)
    2: ...ift of power to Washington, stopped its expansion after Roosevelt was reelected in 1936, and managed t...
    13: ...ty, big city machines, labor unions, European and African-American minorities (now called "ethnics"), ...
    48: ...alue. (Legally he was following the March 9 law.) After January 1934 he then devalued the internationa...
    53: The Economy Act, drafted by Budget Director [[Lewis Douglas]] was passe...
    92: ..., but much faster growth of union membership came after the 1935 Wagner Act. The NIRA established the ...
  62. Guitar (36953 bytes)
    17: ... guitars were brought into Spain by the [[Moors]] after the [[10th century]]. ([http://www.iranian.com...
    41: ...end on the material used. The material used also affects the sound of the guitar. In general the har...
    57: ...influential designers of their time), but also to affect the resonation of the top. The back and sides...
    110: ...pp]] of [[King Crimson]], used by most [[Guitar Craft]] students around the world. The tuning is like ...
    128: ...r Corporation]] invented this variation of guitar after designing a style of [[mandolin]] of the same ...
  63. Politics of Iran (8863 bytes)
    1: ...declares that [[Shi'a Islam]] of the Twelver ([[Jaafari]]) sect is Iran's official religion.
    8: ...resident [[Rafsanjani|Akbar Hashemi-Rafsanjani]]. After the election of [[Mohammad Khatami]] in [[1997...
    27: ...February 20]], [[2004]], the Ministry of Interior Affairs announced a 50% turnout, the lowest in any g...
    48: * [[Iranian Foreign Affairs]]
    50: * [[Iran-Contra Affair]]
  64. Roman Forum (4543 bytes)
    24: ...quarry for new buildings being undertaken in Rome after a long lapse. Artist from the late 15th centur...
  65. Sword (24928 bytes)
    10: ...ting a stab. [[Bronze Age sword]]s with typical leaf-shaped blades first appear near the [[Mediterrane...
    27: ...(not unlike the Germanic [[bracteate]]s fashioned after Roman coins). The [[Viking Age]] sees again a ...
    49: ...ugh most armies retained heavy cavalry until well after [[World War I]]. For example, the British Arm...
    92: *[[Bronze Age sword]]s, length ca. 60 cm, leaf shaped blade.
    130: ...ral, and has often been retained as a symbol even after it had in operational practice been replaced w...
  66. Antalya (20816 bytes)
    10: ... earth; he wanted them to find "heaven on earth". After a long search all over the world, they discove...
    18: ...ord of the migration of the Akha clan to the area after the [[Trojan war]].
    22: ...f Lydia in west Anatolia came to an end in 560 BC after it was defeated by the Persians during the bat...
    24: .... Christianity started to be spread in the region after 2nd century. During the Byzantine sovereignty,...
    27: ...e the capital of the province of Tekke, it passed after their fall through many hands, including those...
  67. April Fool's Day (15510 bytes)
    4: ...ce many of the hoaxes listed below first appeared after noon. Anyone who fails to respond in the prope...
    25: ...dea to metricise time was suggested in [[France]] after the [[French Revolution]]: see [[French Revolu...
    29: ...[[disco]] music at 7:00 AM, April 1, ([[1993]]?). After 12 hours they admitted it was a joke, and swit...
    34: ...enying the hoax. The pair were fired shortly thereafter.
    39: ...ad been cancelled, and they played pop songs till after 7:00 am, when Stern came back on and said it w...
  68. Moon (37975 bytes)
    199: ...t as the near side, but at opposite times. Spacecraft are cut off from direct radio communication with...
    273: ...ycle (repeat eclipses) || 18.030 a <!--- Interval after which the Moon's eclipses recur with respect t...
    301: ...ts has never been performed. However, some spacecraft have done so for portions of the Moon; [[Galileo...
    382: ...the Moon in the near future, too. European spacecraft [[Smart 1]] was launched [[September 27]], [[200...
  69. Guinea pig (19730 bytes)
    56: ...ung.jpg|thumb|300px|Guinea pig pups can walk soon after birth and run within a few hours]]
    60: ...g a "warbling" sound) in the second or third week after birth. Females can breed when only three weeks...
    79: ...s growing pressure to stop the practice. A much safer bedding type is made from recycled newspapers.
    85: ...tice most guinea pigs quickly learn to like them. After a brief period of 'friendly-force-feeding', th...
    102: ...ey themselves are fully grown. This can seriously affect the growth of the young mother as her pups co...
  70. Border Collie (8931 bytes)
    36: ... [[Scotland]]. Border Collies are noted for being affectionate with friends and reserved with stranger...
  71. Chile (39914 bytes)
    74: ...e exploitation of which led to an era of national affluence. Chile established a parliamentary style d...
    99: ...biscite. It entered into force in March [[1981]]. After Pinochet's defeat in the [[1988]] plebiscite, ...
    133: After a decade of impressive growth rates, Chile exp...
    144: ...s, fresh fruit and processed food, fishmeal and seafood, and wine. The [[trade balance]] for 2004 show...
    150: ...2002 with the European Union and [[South Korea]]. After two years of negotiations, the United States a...
  72. Pacific Ocean (14615 bytes)
    53: ... [[Netherlands|Dutch]], sailing around southern [[Africa]], dominated discovery and trade; [[Abel Jans...
    57: ...ariana Islands]] are self-governing with external affairs handled by the United States, and [[Cook Isl...
  73. Alben W. Barkley (3817 bytes)
    10: ... University]] in [[Lexington, Virginia]], moments after declaring to his audience, "I would rather sit...
    13: ...l nominees|candidate]]|before=[[Harry S. Truman]]|after=[[John Sparkman]]|years=[[U.S. presidential el...
    14: ...of the United States]]|before=[[Harry S. Truman]]|after=[[Richard Nixon]]|years=[[January 20]], [[1949...
  74. Walter Mondale (8624 bytes)
    51: After a brief return to the practice of law, Mondale...
    58: ...[[National Democratic Institute for International Affairs]].
    76: ...or from Minnesota]]|before=[[Hubert H. Humphrey]]|after=[[Wendell Anderson]]|years=1964 &ndash; 1976}}
    77: ...l nominees|candidate]]|before=[[Sargent Shriver]]|after=[[Geraldine Ferraro]]|years=[[U.S. presidentia...
    78: ...the United States]]|before=[[Nelson Rockefeller]]|after=[[George H. W. Bush]]|years=[[January 20]], [[...
  75. Cat (30067 bytes)
    33: ...ost predators their eyes are both forward-facing, affording [[Depth_perception|depth perception]] at t...
    62: ...bserving prey and preparing to pounce. In [[North Africa]] there are still small wildcats that are pro...
    76: ===Tendency toward deafness===
    77: ...ve a higher [[genetics|genetic]] incidence of [[deafness]]. [http://www.ozpets.com.au/health/articles/...
    78: ...://demented-pixie.com/pearlie_the_psychic_kitty/deaf_cat.html]
  76. Culture of Spain (17671 bytes)
    4: ...0espanya.jpg|thumb|right|Political Spain in 1854, after the first [[Carlist]] War]]A strong sense of r...
    12: ...core kingdom under which Spain eventually unified after centuries of evolution and incorporations.
    49: ...late 1970s and early 1980s youth subculture (with affinities to [[punk]] and [[new wave]]) centered in...
    55: ...hile the ''[[siesta]]'' &mdash; an hours-long mid-afternoon break from work &mdash; is generally in de...
    58: *[[North Africa]]n immigrant subculture
  77. Betta Splendens (6541 bytes)
    51: *[http://www.BettaForums.com BettaForums] (discussion forum with additional informati...
  78. History of psychology (8127 bytes)
    38: [[Alfred Adler]], after a brief association with Freud's discussion ci...
  79. George W. Bush (64926 bytes)
    27: After graduating from Yale, Bush enlisted in the Tex...
    32: ...72 to 1973, and that he was suspended from flying after he failed to take a required physical examinat...
    38: ... for good shortly after waking up with a hangover after his 40th birthday celebration: "I quit drinkin...
    45: ...ors. The [[1979 energy crisis]] hurt Arbusto and, after a name change to Bush Exploration Co., Bush so...
    47: After working on his father's successful [[U.S. pres...
  80. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (74009 bytes)
    20: ...was brought to fruition as the [[United Nations]] after his death.
    22: ...and his failure to advance [[civil rights]] for [[African Americans]]. Some conservatives such as [[Ro...
    30: ...'s early years. He later told friends that he was afraid of her all his life. He received his early ed...
    44: ...n [[William Howard Taft]]. Franklin's dislike of Taft's administration drove him into politics. In [[1...
    46: ...ved in the frequent American interventions in the affairs of Central American and Caribbean countries:...
  81. Biodiversity (11106 bytes)
    5: ...rd ''biodiversity'' was suggested to him by the staff of NRC, to replace ''biological diversity'', con...
    38: ...rsity has begun a rapid decline, with one species after another suffering [[extinction]].
    74: ...racy can be indicated by the placement of "[sic]" after the quotation. -->
  82. Roman commerce (14626 bytes)
    11: ...ook spices and perfumes to the rural population (Safra p78). This suggests that the economic benefits ...
    13: *Ze'ev Safrai "The Economy of Roman Palestine", London 1994
    16: ...d in economically rational positions. Before, and after, the Roman Empire, hilltop defensive positions...
    18: ... types of goods, such as grain in Egypt and North Africa and [[Ancient Rome and wine|wine]] and olive ...
    41: The Far East, like sub-Saharan Africa, was a mysterious land to the Romans. [[Alexa...
  83. Court (2910 bytes)
  84. Bullfighting (25773 bytes)
    32: ...g up after bullfight.jpg|thumb|center|Cleaning up after the bullfight]]
    57: ...oming of the International Forum of Culture, and, after voting, was declared an Anti-bullfighting City...
    64: ...pete to snatch rosettes or tassels off the bulls. Afterwards, the bulls are herded back to their pen b...
    66: ...o back down in the face of local opposition. The safety of the event is improved to a degree by the bu...
    74: ...cordingly referred to as a "bloodless bullfight". After these three sets, the bull is removed from the...

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