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- Spanish Inquisition (11421 bytes)
1: ...guete]]. ''Saint Dominic Presiding over an [[Auto-da-fe]]'' ([[1475]]).]]
3: ...sangre]]'' ("cleanliness of blood") against descendants of converted Jews or Muslims. It was also use...
8: ... populated by [[Islam|Muslims]]. Until 1492, Granada was still under [[Moorish]] rule. The large citie...
16: ...rt of his political manoeuvering, aimed at consolidating the independent realms (joined by his marriag...
20: ...on in secret. Some disguised Jews had even been ordained as priests and even [[bishop]]s. Detractors a... - Roman Empire (59037 bytes)
9: ...of imperial majesty were common from the earliest days of the Empire.
42: Secondary sources on the Augustan Age include [[Tacitus]]...
46: ...lia, either through [[Julia Caesaris]], Augustus' daughter from his first marriage ([[Caligula]] and [...
52: ...utions with relish. Sejanus also began to consolidate his own power; in AD [[31]] he was named co-con...
66: ...tain|Britain]], [[Armenia]], [[Parthia]], and [[Judaea]]. Nero's inability to manage the rebellions an... - Seljuk Turks (7657 bytes)
3: ... [[Azerbaijan]]. The Seljuk Turks and their descendants, the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman Turks]], played ...
5: ...d himself Sultan and established a capital in Baghdad. [[Ahmed Sanjar]] was captured and held captive ...
7: ...ed. Of the former Great Seljuk Empire, only the [[Sultanate of Rüm]] in [[Anatolia]] remained. As the...
13: * Jalal ad-Dawlah [[Malik Shah I]] [[1072]]-[[1092]]
20: * [[Dawud of Great Seljuk|Dawud]] (David) [[1131]]-[[1132]] - Parthenon (12682 bytes)
11: ...ntiquity, its architectural refinements were legendary, especially the subtle correspondence between t...
27: ...D, by which time it was already as old as [[Notre Dame Cathedral]] in [[Paris]] is now, and far older ...
31: ... added to the Parthenon, but otherwise it was not damaged further. European visitors in the 17th centu...
37: ...lgin]], obtained a ''firman'' (permit) from the [[Sultan]] to make casts and drawings of the antiquities o...
39: Today these sculptures are in the [[British Museum]], ... - Pirate Ship (44502 bytes)
4: ...llenges global governance |date=2009-04-09 |accessdate=2009-04-09 |publisher=[[Open Democracy]]}}</ref...
29: ...im raiders [[Sack of Rome (846)|sacked Rome]] and damaged the Vatican. In 911, the bishop of [[Narbonn...
31: ...] tribe settled the land of [[Pagania]] between [[Dalmatia]] and [[Zachlumia]] in the first half of th...
39: ...[[North Sea]] and the Baltic Sea was seriously in danger of attack by the pirates.
47: ...vilization.ca/aborig/haida/havwa01e.html|title=Haida Warfare}}</ref> - American Revolutionary War (40738 bytes)
1: The '''American Revolutionary War''' ([[1775]]–[[1783]]), also known as the '''American War of...
12: ...r) a regular army—the [[Continental Army]]—in June of 1775, and appointed [[George Washing...
15: ...sh;American colonists who sided with the British—fielded perhaps 50,000 men during the war years...
33: ...l Patriot riders—including [[Paul Revere]]—alerted the countryside, and when the British t...
43: === Canada, 1775-76 === - Ferdinand Magellan (19348 bytes)
2: '''Ferdinand Magellan''' (Spring [[1480]] – [[April 27]], [[1521]]; was a [[Portugal|Portu...
5: ...ro Rui de Magalh㥳, the mayor of the town, and Alda de Mesquita, Magellan had two siblings: his broth...
9: ...ering the [[Muslim]] city of [[Kilwa]] in present-day [[Tanzania]].
13: ...took a leave of the army without permission, Almeida gave a poor report of the sailor to the Portugues...
20: With the help of Juan de Aranda, one of the three chief officials of Seville's In... - List of national anthems (17969 bytes)
33: |[[Antigua and Barbuda]]||[[Fair Antigua, We Salute Thee]]
59: ...ous community)|Basque Country]]''||<i>[[Eusko Abendaren Ereserkia]] (Anthem of the Basque Homeland)</i...
71: ...[[Benin]]||[[L'Aube Nouvelle]] (The Dawn of a New Day)
87: ...ei]]||[[Allah Peliharakan Sultan]] (God Bless the Sultan)
103: |[[Canada]]||[[O Canada]] Royal Anthem: [[God Save the Queen]] - Ottoman Empire (15917 bytes)
14: | ''El Muzaffer Daima The Ever Victorious'' (as written in tugra)
23: | [[Sultan]]s of the [[Osmanli|Osmanli Dynasty]]
45: ...sition as gateway between Europe and Asia. In its day, the Ottoman Empire was also commonly referred t...
47: ... Empire]]'') . From [[1517]] onwards, the Ottoman Sultan was also the [[Caliph|Caliph of Islam]], and the ...
53: ...I]] was the first Ottoman to claim the title of [[sultan]] (king). With the capture of [[Constantinople]] ... - Hagia Sophia (7132 bytes)
24: The structure has been severely damaged several times by [[earthquakes]]. The dome c...
32: ...f Constantinople]] to the [[Ottoman Turks]] under Sultan [[Mehmed II]] in [[1453]]. Since more conservativ...
34: ...ble facings, broken windows, decorative paintings damaged by moisture, and ill-maintained lead roofing... - Konya (2390 bytes)
5: ...l of the [[Seljuk Turks|Seljuk]] [[Sultan]]s of [[Sultanate of R?]], though temporarily occupied by the [[...
7: ... and influence from [[1205]] to [[1239]] when the sultans controlled all of Anatolia, [[Armenia]], some of...
9: Following the fall of the Sultanate of R?nya was made an [[emirate]] in [[1307]] t...
11: Both [[Saladin]] and the Ottoman Sultan [[Selim II]] has built mosques in Konya. The tomb... - Ankara (15129 bytes)
19: In [[1071]] [[Seljuk Turks|Seljuk]] Sultan [[Alp Arslan|Alparslan]] opened the door to Anato...
23: ...]], Turkey was under the control of the Ottoman [[sultan]] and having lost the war, was being shared by th...
34: ...yday, and the adjacent museum every day except Mondays).
41: ...art from the late [[19th century]] to the present day. There are also galleries which host guest exhib...
49: '''Ankara Citadel''': The foundations of the citadel were laid by the Galatians on... - History of the Kurds (8244 bytes)
3: ...nsidered sufficient to describe them as the descendants of the Carduchi, who opposed the [[Anabasis (X...
5: ...uoted by [[Strabo]] to explain the name of the Cardaces. These Gutii were a tribe of such [[power (soc...
13: ... of which the ruins are to be seen at the present day near Behistun, and reducing the province of Shah...
15: ...in]], who belonged to the Rawendi branch of the Hadabani tribe, founded the [[Ayyubid|Ayyubite]] dynas...
17: ...e to the provincial governors of the plains. When Sultan [[Selim I]], after defeating Shah [[Ismail I]] in... - Knights Hospitaller (26158 bytes)
3: == Foundation and early history ==
17: ...two invasions in the [[15th century]], one by the Sultan of Egypt in [[1444]] and another by [[Mehmed II]]...
25: ...], which they had to give annually on [[All Souls Day]] to the Viceroy of Sicily, who acted as the Kin...
29: ...d, outmanuvered and outrun, and by the end of the day almost the entirety of their fleet was destroyed...
50: ...Spital zu Jerusalem]] the order continues until today, gaining increasing independence from its Roman ... - Bosporus (3180 bytes)
5: [[Image:rumelihisari.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Fatih Sultan Mehmed Bridge over the Bosporus seen from over Ru...
8: ...]. The second, [[Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge|Fatih Sultan Mehmed (Bosporus II) bridge]], is 1090 meters lon...
18: ...llipoli]], and the Cimmerian Chersonesus, known today as the [[Crimea]].
20: ...tanbul]], the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] [[sultan|sultans]] constructed a fortification on each side of it... - Ashkelon (5935 bytes)
1: ... which was formed out of the Arab town of [[Al Majdal]] in the 1950s. -->
14: ...ng with the [[Israelites]] and the [[kingdom of Judah]]. According to Herodotus, its temple of Venus w...
18: ...on the ruins. Finally in [[1270]], the [[Mamluk]] sultan [[Baybars]] demolished Ascalon for the last time,...
26: ...i.uchicago.edu/OI/PROJ/ASH/NN_Spr95/NN_Spr95.html David Schloen, "Recent discoveries at Ashkelon"] - Kenya (15142 bytes)
1: ...st), [[Tanzania]] (south), [[Uganda]] (west), [[Sudan]] (north-west) and the [[Indian Ocean]]. [[Nairo...
34: established_events = -Date |
35: established_dates = From the [[United Kingdom]] <br> [[De...
43: ... = 254 ''('''005''' from [[Tanzania]] and [[Uganda]])'' |
51: ...ent of a [[Germany|German]] protectorate over the Sultan of [[Zanzibar]]'s coastal possessions in [[1885]]... - 18th century new (49640 bytes)
2: ...o [[1800]] in the [[Gregorian calendar]], in accordance with the [[Anno Domini]]/[[Common Era]] number...
6: ...aming about a better age without the christian fundamentalism of earlier centuries. This dream turned ...
18: ...01-1714 |publisher=Historyofwar.org |date= |accessdate=2009-04-25}}</ref>
19: ...'' and the ''The Norwich Post'' becomes the first daily newspapers in England.
25: ...publisher=Historic-uk.com |date=2007-05-03 |accessdate=2009-04-25}}</ref> - Christmas around the world (98033 bytes)
2: {{Refimprove|date=November 2007}}
10: ...nland China]], [[December 25]] is not a legal holiday. The small percentage of Chinese citizens who co...
12: ...and [[Macau]] designate Christmas as a public holiday on December 25. Both are former [[colony|colonie...
20: ...ons play holiday music on Christmas Day and a few days before, while television stations are known to ...
22: ...ial services on [[Christmas Eve]] and [[Christmas Day]]. Young people especially enjoy the fellowship ... - Jerusalem (61585 bytes)
2: ...ity of key importance to the [[religion]]s of [[Judaism]], [[Christianity]], and [[Islam]].
6: ...ity. Since Israel's victory in the [[1967]] [[Six-Day War]], it has controlled the entire city and cla...
16: ...|[[Archaeology|Archaeological]] ruins from [[King David]]'s time]]
18: ...war and captured the city without destroying it. David then expanded the city to the south, and decla...
20: ...pital of the southern kingdom, the [[Kingdom of Judah]].
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