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- Blast furnace (4721 bytes)
1: ...n]] does not take place only at the surface. Typically this is used for the production of [[pig iron]...
4: ... [[China]] in the [[1st century BC]]. However, [[cast iron]] artifacts found in China have been dated...
6: ...uel made blast furnace-based iron smelting significantly less expensive.
9: ...the middle of the mixture. The results of this localized burning was a liquid that sank to the bottom...
15: ...], reacting chemically to produce pure iron and [[carbon dioxide]], which leaks out of the furnace at ...
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- Industrial Revolution (30001 bytes)
1: ...ent of all-metal machine tools in the first two decades of the nineteenth century enabled the manufact...
3: ...]] and the development of [[Electric power|electrical power generation]].
5: ...ad throughout [[Western Europe]] and [[North America]], eventually affecting the rest of the world. Th...
9: ==Causes==
10: ...lution]] of the 17th century. But one of the main causes was the invention of the steam engine. - Steel (28384 bytes)
3: ...th higher carbon content than this are known as [[cast iron|iron]].
5: ...d alloys that can be [[plasticity (physics)|plastically]] formed (pounded, rolled, etc.).
8: ...ults in an alloy containing too much carbon to be called steel.
11: ...ub>3</sub>C. Cementite forms in regions of higher carbon content while other areas revert to ferrite a...
13: ...t cell structure to austenite, and identical chemical composition. As such, it requires extremely lit... - Woodcut (1909 bytes)
1: ...ace of the woodblock is printed. Multiple colors can be printed by keying the paper to a frame around...
3: ...a thick coat of rubber cement or similar compound can be painted on.
5: ...dcut generally reached a very high level of technical and artistic development in [[Japan]].
13: * [[Four horsemen of the Apocalypse]]
18: * [[Suit (cards)]] - Blast furnace (4721 bytes)
1: ...n]] does not take place only at the surface. Typically this is used for the production of [[pig iron]...
4: ... [[China]] in the [[1st century BC]]. However, [[cast iron]] artifacts found in China have been dated...
6: ...uel made blast furnace-based iron smelting significantly less expensive.
9: ...the middle of the mixture. The results of this localized burning was a liquid that sank to the bottom...
15: ...], reacting chemically to produce pure iron and [[carbon dioxide]], which leaks out of the furnace at ... - Maryland (22654 bytes)
9: Capital = [[Annapolis, Maryland|Annapolis]] ...
36: ... that revolted against British rule in the [[American Revolution]]. ''See: [[Annapolis Convention]].''
41: ..."Terra Maria") was granted to his son, [[C棩lius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore]], on [[June 20]], [[16...
43: ...s of tens of thousands of British convicts, which carried on until independence. The [[Maryland Tolera...
45: ... Mason]] and [[Jeremiah Dixon]], to survey what became known as the [[Mason-Dixon line]] which would f... - Planetary system (2476 bytes)
1: ...ystem which contains the [[Earth]] and [[Sun]] is called the [[Solar System]].
7: ... of the mass of the central star would see them escape the gravitational hold of the star. One theory...
9: == Significant planetary systems ==
14: * [[55 Cancri]] - the largest extra solar planetary system ... - Comet (30542 bytes)
3: ...owballs", comets are composed largely of frozen [[carbon dioxide]], [[methane]] and [[water]] with [[d...
7: == Physical characteristics ==
9: ...ails can extend over 150 million km (1 [[Astronomical unit]]) or more.
11: ... omens of deaths of kings or noble men, or coming catastrophes. From ancient sources, such as Chinese ...
13: ...etorbit.png|thumb|400px|Comets have highly elliptical orbits. Note the two distinct tails.]] - Cockroach (5997 bytes)
2: ...oach.750pix.jpg|200px|NAME]] | caption = ''Madagascan Hissing Cockroach<br> (Gromphadorhina portentosa...
19: ...attella germanica'') is about 1.5 cm long. [[Tropical]] cockroaches are much bigger. When infesting bu...
22: ...hey are most common in [[tropical]] and [[subtropical]] climates. Some species are in close associatio...
24: ...ike [[frankfurter]]s in the case called an [[ootheca]].
28: ...fetime. In other words, in favorable condition it can produce 300-400 offspring. - World Series (40101 bytes)
1: ...r season between the pennant winner of the [[American League]] and the pennant winner of the [[Nationa...
3: ...e [[2004 American League Championship Series|American League champion]] the [[Boston Red Sox]]. The Re...
5: ...dvantage was switched every year between the American League and the National League. Starting in 2003...
7: ...n but not earning a [[wild card]] receive them, because there are more divisions and each division is ...
9: ...s against champions in the Japanese or Latin American leagues have, so far, not succeeded. - Coral reef (11599 bytes)
2: ...ith the hard corals that build shallow water tropical reefs.
4: ...gainst the constant assault by ocean waves are calcareous algae, especially, although not entirely, sp...
6: ...icroscopic algae that photosynthesize for them. Because of this, coral reefs also grow much faster in ...
19: ...r process that acts as a 'carbon sink' for excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, as well as maintai...
24: ...''Bioerosion'' (coral damage) such as this may be caused by [[coral bleaching]]. [http://www.biology.i... - Leather (7695 bytes)
5: Leather with the fur still attached is simply called [[fur]].
9: ...be formed into a supple, strong material commonly called leather.
11: ...le and harder. In hot water, it will shrink drastically and plasticize, becoming a rigid, brittle mate...
12: ...her, and does not discolor or lose shape as drastically in water as vegetable-tanned. More esoteric co...
13: .... Purists argue that alum-tanned leather is technically "tawed" and not tanned, as the resulting mater... - Iron (23778 bytes)
19: <td>[[Chemical series]] </td><td>[...
24: <td>[[Density]], [[Mohs hardness scale|Hardness]] </td>
34: <td>[[Atomic radius]] (calc.) </td><td>140 (156) [[...
48: ...span="2" align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0">'''Physical properties'''</th></tr>
61: ... </td><td>7.05 [[Pascal|Pa]] at 1808 K</td></tr> - Tellurium (8984 bytes)
24: | [[Density]], [[Mohs hardness scale|Hardness]]
35: | [[Atomic radius]] (calc.)
56: ...an="2" align="center" bgcolor="#cccc99" | '''Physical properties'''
77: | 23.1 [[Pascal|Pa]] at 272.65 K
85: | 2.1 ([[Pauling scale]]) - Snare drum (2596 bytes)
6: ...a short, distinctive, snap-like sound. The snares can be disengaged if this effect is not required. Sn...
10: ...pg|thumb|left|Snare drum, around 1780, reportedly carried by Luther W. Clark at the Battle of Guilford...
12: The drum can be sounded by hitting it with a [[drum stick]] o...
14: ...ented backbeat. The snare drum (specifically, a ''caixa'') is the driving force in [[samba_(music)|sam... - Cockroaches (5827 bytes)
2: ...oach.750pix.jpg|200px|NAME]] | caption = ''Madagascan Hissing Cockroach<br> (Gromphadorhina portentosa...
19: ...attella germanica'') is about 1.5 cm long. [[Tropical]] cockroaches are much bigger. When infesting bu...
22: ...hey are most common in [[tropical]] and [[subtropical]] climates. Some species are in close associatio...
24: ...ike [[frankfurter]]s in the case called an [[ootheca]].
28: ...fetime. In other words, in favorable condition it can produce 300-400 offspring. - Gray Whales (7433 bytes)
2: ..._image | image = [[Image:Gray_whale.jpg|250px]] | caption = A Gray Whale spy-hopping}}
15: ...nge_map_Gray_Whale.png|250px|Gray Whale range]] | caption = Gray Whale range}}
17: ...rs. Gray Whales were once called ''devil fish'' because of their fighting behavior when hunted. The Gr...
20: ... between the waters off [[Alaska]] and the [[Baja California]]. A third, North [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlant...
22: In the fall, the California Gray Whale starts a 2-3 month, 8 000... - Coal (13357 bytes)
1: ...ed primarily of [[carbon]] and [[hydrocarbon|hydrocarbons]], along with assorted other elements, inclu...
7: ...ed to as sea-coal since it was found on beaches occasionally having fallen from the exposed coal seams...
9: ...protect them from detection and to help them to escape when pursued. It is an element of a popular ri...
15: ...forming time in geologic history was during the [[Carboniferous]] era (280 to 345 million years ago).
19: ...htabulacoalcars e2.jpg|250px|left|thumb|Coal rail cars in [[Ashtabula, Ohio]]]] - Space Shuttle program (41074 bytes)
2: ... Shuttle orbiter was manufactured by [[North American Rockwell]], now part of the [[Boeing|Boeing Comp...
4: ...erial, hardware needing to be repaired, and trash can be returned by [[Soyuz]].
10: ...] (HST) are impractical, because the Orbiter is incapable of reaching both HST and ISS during the same...
20: ...ow-cost Shuttle system would be the better bet, because without it a large station would never be affo...
22: ... who had designed the [[Mercury program|Mercury]] capsule, among others. The DC-3 was a small craft wi... - Rice (13724 bytes)
2: ...-fields-Indonesia-(Java).jpg|250px|Rice field]] | caption = Rice fields on [[Java (island)|Java]]}}
23: ...for [[irrigation]]. However it can be grown practically anywhere, even on [[grade (geography)|steep]] ...
24: ...are native to South Asia and certain parts of Africa, centuries of trade and exportation has made it a...
27: ...ding on terraced hillsides) with the help of chemical weed controls.
29: ...rice'' is grown. This can develop elongated stems capable of coping with water depths exceeding 2 mete...
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