Vice-President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State
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The Vice-President of the Executive Council (Irish: Leas-Uachtarán na hArd-Chomhairle) was the deputy head of government of the 1922-1937 Irish Free State, and the second most senior member of the Executive Council (cabinet). Formally the Vice-President was appointed by the Governor-General on the "nomination" of the President of the Executive Council, but by convention the Governor General could not refuse to appoint a Vice-President who the President had selected.
Under Article 53 of the Free State constitution the role of the Vice President was to "act for all purposes in the place of the President", until the appointment of a successor in the event of his death, resignation or "permanent incapacity", or until his return in the event of his "temporary absence". However in practice the Vice President also held a second ministerial portfolio the duties of which he carried out when not called upon to become acting head of government. The Vice President could not be dismissed by the President. Rather, as was the case with all other cabinet ministers, for him to be removed from office the entire cabinet had to be dismissed and reformed en bloc.
The office of Vice President of the Executive Council was established with the establishment of the Free State in 1922. Neither of the two administrations that preceded the Free State, the Ministry of the Irish Republic and the Provisional Government of Southern Ireland, included an office corresponding to deputy prime minister. In 1937, when the new Constitution of Ireland came into force, the office of Vice-President of the Executive Council was replaced with that of Tánaiste.
List of office-holders
| # | Name | Took Office | Left Office | Party |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Kevin O'Higgins | December 6, 1922 | July 10, 1927 | Cumann na nGaedheal |
| 2. | Ernest Blythe | July 14, 1927 | March 9, 1932 | Cumann na nGaedheal |
| 3. | Seán T. O'Kelly | March 9, 1932 | December 29, 1937 | Fianna Fáil |