Statistical sample
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A sample is that part of a population which is actually observed. In normal scientific practice, we demand that it be selected in such a way as to avoid presenting a biased view of the population. If statistical inference is to be used, there must be a way of assigning known probabilities of selection to each sample. If the probabilities of different samples are all equal, for example, the method is called simple random sampling.
See also: Sampling (statistics)