Sefer haYashar (Rabbenu Tam)
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Sefer HaYashar (Rabbenu Tam), the Book of the Upright by Rabbeinu Tam.
A famous treatise on Jewish ritual and ethics written by Rabbeinu Tam (Rabbi Jacob ben Meir who died in 1171). The work survives in somewhat incomplete and amended form, was printed in Venice in 1544 and reprinted in Vienna in 1811.
It is especially concerned with reconciling apparently contradictory decisions in different sections of the Talmud and with preserving Talmud text unchanged against those who wanted to make clever emendations.
This Sefer ha-Yashar was used a great deal by later Talmudists and introduced the form of literature called Tosafot 'Additional Notes'.
For other works by this name see Sefer haYashar.
External link
Jewish Encyclopedia: Jacob ben Meïr Tam: The "Sefer ha-Yashar." (http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=74&letter=J#170)