Safety valve
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A safety valve is an automatic valve mechanism for the release of a gas from a boiler or other system when the pressure or temperature exceeds preset limits. They are often called by more specific names such as pressure relief valves and temperature and pressure relief valves.
Safety valves were first used on steam boilers during the industrial revolution. Early boilers without them were prone to accidental explosion when the operator allowed the pressure to become too high, either deliberately or through incompetence.
They are required on water heaters, where they prevent disaster in certain configurations in the event a thermostat should fail. There are still occasional, spectacular failures of older water heaters that lack this equipment. Houses can be levelled by the force of the blast.
The term safety valve is also used metaphorically.pl:Zawór bezpieczeństwa