Real-time Transport Protocol
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The Real-time Transport Protocol (or RTP) defines a standardized packet format for delivering audio and video over the Internet. It was developed by the Audio-Video Transport Working Group of the IETF and first published in 1996 as RFC 1889.
| Application layer | HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, FTP, UUCP, NNTP, SSH, IRC, SNMP, SIP, RTP, Telnet ,... |
| Transport layer | TCP, UDP, SCTP, DCCP, ... |
| Network layer | IPv4, IPv6, ICMP, ARP, IGMP, ... |
| Data link layer | Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Token ring, FDDI, PPP, ... |
| Physical layer | RS-232, EIA-422, RS-449, EIA-485... |
It was originally designed as a multicast protocol, but has since been applied in many unicast applications. It is frequently used in streaming media systems (in conjunction with RTSP) as well as videoconferencing and push to talk systems (in conjunction with H.323 or SIP), making it the technical foundation of the Voice over IP industry. It goes along with the RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) and it's built on top of User Datagram Protocol (in OSI model).
According to RFC 1889, the services provided by RTP include:
- Payload-type identification
- Sequence numbering
- Time stamping
- Delivery monitoring
RTP ensures consistent delivery order of voice packets in an IP internetwork.
RTP was also published by the ITU-T as H.225.0, but later removed once the IETF had a stable standards-track RFC published. It exists as an Internet Standard (STD 64) defined in RFC 3550 (which obsoletes RFC 1889). RFC 3551 (STD 65) (which obsoletes RFC 1890) defines a specific profile for Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal Control.
References
- Perkins, Colin (2003). RTP: Audio and Video for the Internet (http://csperkins.org/rtp-book.html) (1st ed.) Addison-Wesley Pub Co. ISBN 0672322498
External link
- RFC 3551, Standard 65, RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal Control
- RFC 3550, Standard 64, RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications
- RFC 1890, Obsolete, RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal Control
- RFC 1889, Obsolete, RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications
- Henning Schulzrinne's RTP page (http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~hgs/rtp).Template:Compu-network-stub
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