Pentane
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| General | |
|---|---|
| Molecular formula | C5H12 |
| CAS number | 109-66-0 |
| EC number | 203-692-4 |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Appearance | Colourless liquid |
| Melting point | 143 K (-130° Celsius) |
| Boiling point | 308 K (35-36° Celsius) |
| Vapour density | 2.48 |
| Vapour pressure | 428 mm Hg at 20° Celsius |
| Specific gravity | 0.626 |
| Flash point | -49° Celsius |
| Explosion limits | 1.4 % - 8.3 % |
| Autoignition temperature | 260° Celsius |
| Evaporation rate | 28.6 (butyl acetate = 1) |
Pentane also known as amyl hydride or skellysolve is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)3CH3. 3 isomers exist for pentane: n-pentane (linear molecule) [1] (http://ptcl.chem.ox.ac.uk/MSDS/PE/pentane.html), isopentane (2-methylbutane) [2] (http://physchem.ox.ac.uk/MSDS/IS/isopentane.html) and neopentane [3] (http://www.airliquide.com/safety/msds/en/087_AL_EN.pdf) which is formally 2,2-dimethylpropane.
The physical trends in these isomers going from n- to iso- to neo- are 36°C, 28°C and 9.5°C for the boiling point and -130°C, -160°C and -16.6°C for the melting point. The chemical conformation for n-pentane is like that for n-butane, the terminal methyl groups do add pentane interference.
External links
- Material Safety Data Sheet for Pentane (http://physchem.ox.ac.uk/MSDS/PE/pentane.html)
- http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/duke/chemical.pl?PENTANE
| Alkanes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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methane |
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ethane |
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propane |
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butane |
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pentane |
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hexane | |||||||||||||||||||||
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heptane |
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octane |
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nonane |
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decane |
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undecane |
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dodecane |
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tridecane |
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tetradecane |
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pentadecane |
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hexadecane |
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heptadecane |
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octadecane |
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nonadecane |
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eicosane |
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heneicosane |
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docosane |
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tricosane |
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tetracosane |
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pentacosane |
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hexacosane |
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heptacosane |
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octacosane |
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nonacosane |
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triacontane |
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hentriacontane |
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dotriacontane |
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tritriacontane |
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tetratriacontane |
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pentatriacontane |
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hexatriacontane |
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es:Pentano eo:Pentano fr:Pentane nl:Pentaan ja:ペンタン sv:Pentan