Organon
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- This article discusses the consitution of Aristotle's logical works. For information about the pharmaceutical company, see Organon International.
The Organon is the name given by Aristotle's followers, the Peripatetics, for the standard collection of six of his works on logic. The system of logic described in those works, and their historical significance, is discussed in the article on Aristotelian logic.
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Constitution of the texts
The order of the works is not chronological (which is now hard to determine), but was deliberately chosen by the Peripatetics to constitute a well-structered system; indeed some parts of them seem to be a scheme of a lecture on logic. The arranging of the works was conducted by Andronicus of Rhodes around 40 BC.Template:Rf
Aristotle's Metaphysics has many points of intellectual overlap with the works making up the Organon, but is not traditionally considered part of it; additionally there are works on logic attributed, with varying degrees of plausibility, to Aristotle that were not known to the Peripatetics.
Categories
The Categories (Latin: Categoriae) introduces Aristotle's 10-fold classification of that which exists;
On Interpretation
Main article: On Interpretation
On Interpretation (Latin: De Interpretatione) provides Aristotle's principal contribution to philosophy of language;
Prior Analytics
Main article: Prior Analytics
The Prior Analytics (Latin: Analytica Priora) introduces his syllogistic method, which is discussed in the article on term logic.
Posterior Analytics
The Prior Analytics (Latin: Analytica Priora) discusses the syllogistic system of the Prior Analytics, and argues for its correctness.
Topics
The Topics (Latin: Topica) treats issues in constructing valid arguments.
On Sophistical Refutations
On Sophistical Refutations (Latin:De Sophisticis Elenchis) gives a treatment of logical fallacies.
References
- Hammond, N. G. L., Scullard, H. H. The Oxford Classical Dictionary, Oxford University Press, (1992) ISBN 0198691173
- Text of Categories (http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/categories.html)
- Text of On Interpretation (http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/a/a8/intrpret.html)
- Text of Prior Analytics (http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/prior.html)
- Text of Posterior Analytics (http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/posterior.html)
- Text of Topics (http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/topics.html)
- Text of On Sophistical Refutations (http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/sophist_refut.html)
External links
- A summary of the Organon by James Evans (http://www.webster.edu/~evansja/guides/aristotle/logic.html)
- Aristotle's Logic at Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aristotle-logic/)
- Section on logic in the Aristotle article (http://www.iep.utm.edu/a/aristotl.htm#Logic) at the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Notes
Template:Ent Hammond, p. 64, "Andronicus Rhodus"
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