Male lactation
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The phenomenon of male lactation in humans has become more common in recent years due to the use of medications that stimulate a human male's mammary glands. Though human males have nipples, it is not so often understood that they also have mammary glands. Ordinarily the mammary tissue is low in volume and cannot be noticed. Under the appropriate hormonal stimulus -- the hormonal stimulus that nature provides to human females when they become pregnant and give birth -- the mammary glands of human males can also produce milk. The volume of milk produced will be small relative to the amount that a female can produce.
The most common circumstance under which lactation is induced is when hormonal treatments are given to men suffering from prostate cancer. Female hormones are used to retard the production of cancerous prostate tissue, but the same hormones also stimulate the mammary glands. Male-to-female transsexuals may also produce milk due to the hormones they take to reshape their bodies. Extreme stress has also been known to be a cause of male lactation, as evidenced by American POWs returning from the Korean and Vietnam Wars, where physical activities were demanding and food were in short supply.
It is also possible for males (and females) to induce lactation through constant massage and simulated 'sucking' of the nipple over a long period of time (months).
The phenomenon of male lactation occurs in some non-human species, and the lactating males may assist in the nursing of their infants. One species of fruit bat (Dyacopterus spadiceus) is notable for this reason. According to several sources, lactation and even nursing have occasionally been observed in humans. See External links.
References
- Angier, Natalie; New York Times, February 24, 1994. Cr. J. Covey.
- Francis, Charles M., et al; "Lactation in Male Fruit Bats," Nature, 367:691, 1994.
- Fackelmann, K.A.; Science News, 145:148, 1994.
- Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine G.M. Gould and W.L. Pyle
External links
- Sri Lanka Man nurses Daughter (http://www.ananova.com/news/story/sm_700634.html)
- Milkmen: Fathers Who Breastfeed (http://www.unassistedchildbirth.com/miscarticles/milkmen.html)