List of kings of Persia

History of Iran
Elamite Empire
Median Empire
Achaemenid dynasty
Seleucid dynasty
Parthian Empire
Sassanid dynasty
Ziyarid dynasty
Samanid dynasty
Buwayhid dynasty
Ghaznavid Empire
Seljuk Turkish empire
Khwarezmid Empire
Ilkhanate
Muzaffarid dynasty
Timurid dynasty
Safavid dynasty
Afsharid dynasty
Zand dynasty
Qajar dynasty
Pahlavi dynasty
Iranian Revolution
Islamic Republic of Iran

The following is a comprehensive list of all Persian Empires and their rulers:

Contents

Before Islam

Elamite Empire, 2700-660 BC

The Elamites were a people located in Susa, in what is now Khuzestan province. Their language was neither Semitic nor Aryan, and they were the geographic precursors of the Persian/Median empire that later appeared. Some have offered evidence for a linguistic kinship between Elamite and the modern Dravidian languages of Southern India, but this is not universally accepted. The proto-Elamites lived even as far back as 7,500 years ago in Iran. See remains here.

Avan Dynasty (precise dates unknown)

  • Peli (fl. c. 2500 BC)
  • Tata (precise dates unknown)
  • Ukku-Takhesh (precise dates unknown)
  • Khishur (precise dates unknown)
  • Shushun-Tarana (precise dates unknown)
  • Napil-Khush (precise dates unknown)
  • Kikku-Sive-Temti (precise dates unknown)
  • Lukh-Ishshan (fl. c. 24th century)
  • Khelu (fl. c. 24th century)
  • Khita (fl. c. 23rd century)
  • Kutik-Inshushinnak (fl. c. 2240)

Simash Dynasty (precise dates unknown)

  • Gir-Namme (fl. c. 2030)
  • Enpi-Luhhan (fl. c. 2010)
  • Khutran-Temtt (precise dates unknown)
  • Kindattu (precise dates unknown)
  • Indattu-Inshushinnak I (precise dates unknown)
  • Tan-Rukhurater (precise dates unknown)
  • Indattu-Inshushinnak II (precise dates unknown)
  • Indattu-Napir (precise dates unknown)
  • Indattu-Tempt (precise dates unknown)

Eparti Dynasty (precise dates unknown)

  • Eparti I (precise dates unknown)
  • Eparti II (precise dates unknown)
  • Eparti III (fl. c. 1850)
  • Shilkhakha (precise dates unknown)
  • Attakhushu (fl. c. 1830)
  • Sirukdukh (fl. c. 1792)
  • Shimut-Wartash (c. 1772 - c. 1770)

Igehalkid Dynasty (c. 1350 - c. 1200)

Shutrukid Dynasty (c. 1205 - c. 1100)

  • Khallutush-In-Shushinak (c. 1205 - c. 1185)
  • Shutruk-Nahhunte (c. 1185 - c. 1155)
  • Kutir-Nahhunte III (c. 1155 - c. 1150)
  • Shilkhak-In-Shushinak (c. 1150 - c. 1120)
  • Khutelutush-In-Shushinak (c. 1120 - c. 1110)
  • Shilhana-Hamru-Lagamar (c. 1110 - ????)

Late Elam Dynasty (743 - 644)

  • Khumbanigash I (743 - 717)
  • Shuttir-Nakhkhunte (717 - 699)
  • Khallushu (699 - 693)
  • Kutir-Nakhkhunte (693 - 692)
  • Khumma-Menanu (692 - 689)
  • Khumma-Khaldash I (689 - 681)
  • Khumma-Khaldash II (681 - 680)
  • Khumma-Khaldash II & Shilhak-In-Shushinak (680 - 676)
  • Shilhak-In-Shushinak & Urtaku (676 - 664)
  • Shilhak-In-Shushinak & Tempti-Khumma-In-Shushinak (664 - 653)
  • Atta-Khumma-In-Shushinak & Khumbanigash II (653 - 651)
  • Atta-Khumma-In-Shushinak & Tammaritu (651 - 649)
  • Atta-Khumma-In-Shushinak & Indabigash (649 - 648)
  • Indabigash (648 - 647)
  • Khumma-Khaldash III (647 - 644)

Jiroft (Aratta?) Kingdom, (c. 2500 BC)

The recent archeological findings at Jiroft have uncovered an "independent, bronze age, civilization with its own architecture and language" that have led some archeologists to speculate it to be the remains of the lost Aratta Kingdom. 1 (http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200405/what.was.jiroft..htm)

Median Dynasty

The Medes were an Iranian people. The Persians, a closely related and subject people, revolted against the Median empire during the 6th century BC.

Achaemenid dynasty

The epigraphic evidence for the rulers before Cyrus the Great is highly suspect, and often considered to have been invented by Darius I.

Greco-Macedonian Hellenistic rulers

The Macedonian royal Argead Dynasty

Seleucid dynasty Basileis, major diadochoi

(The Seleucid Dynasty gradually lost control of Persia. In 253, the Arsacid Dynasty established itself in Parthia. The Parthians gradually expanded their control, until by the mid 2nd century BC, the Seleucids had completely lost control of Persia. There were more Seleucid rulers of Syria and, for a time, Babylonia, after Antiochus IV, but none had any effective power in Persia).

Parthian dynasty

Template:Arsacid dynasty There were various regional client dynasties, oten with significant autonomy

Sassanid dynasty, Shahanshahs, AD 224-651

Royal dynasties since the advent of Islam in Iran

Arab caliphs rule

All Persian provinces fell under The Arabic Caliphate from 661 to 867.

divided, 867-1029

Taherids in Khorasan, 821-872

Alavids, 864-928

  • Hasan ebne Zeid Hasani 864-884
  • Mohammad ebne Zeid 884-900
  • Hasan ebne Ali Hoseini 913-916
  • Hasan ebne Ghasem Hasani 916-928

Ziyarid Amirs, 928-1043

  • Abolhojaj Mardavij ebne Ziyar 928-934
  • Abu Taher Voshmgeer ebne Ziyar 934-967
  • Zahir-ol-doleh Behsotoon 967-976
  • Shams ol Mo'ali Abol-hasan Ghaboos 976-1012
  • Falak ol Mo'ali Manuchehr ebne Ghabus 1012-1031
  • Anushiravan ebne Manuchehr 1031-1043

Āl-i Buyeh (also written Buyyids or Buwahids), Tribal Shahanshs, Sultans, & Amirs, 932-1056

Diylamid Amirs of Fars

Diylamids of Khuzestan and Kerman

Diylamids of Rey, [sultanate] Isfahan, and [sultanate/amirate] Hamedan

Saffarid Amirs, 861-1002, in Seistan and beyond

  • Abu Yusef Yaqub ebne Lais 861-878
  • Amr o ebne Lais 878-900
  • Abol Hasan Taher ebne Mohammad ebne Amro ebne Lais 900-908
  • Lais ebne Ali ebne Lais 908-910
  • Abu Ali Mohammad ebne Ali ebne Lais 910-910
  • Abu Jafar Ahmad ebne Mohammad ebne Khalf 923-963
  • Abu Ahmad Khalf ebne Ahmad 963-1002

Samanids, proto-Tadjik Amirs, 892-998

  • Amir Adel; Amir Mazi Abyu Ebrahim Esmail ebne Ahmad 892-907
  • Amir Shaheed; Abu Nasr Ahmad ebne Esmail 907-913
  • Amir Saeed; Abol Hasan Nasr ebne Ahmad 913-942
  • Amir Hamid; Abu Mohammad Nuh ebne Nasr 942-954
  • Amir Rashid; Abul Foares Abdolmaleh ebne Nuh 954-961
  • Amir Mo'ayyed; Amir Sadeed Abu Saleh Mansur ebne Nuh 961-976
  • Amir Radhi; Shahanshah Abolqasem Nuh ebne Mansur 976-996
  • Amir Abol Hareth; Mansur ebne Nuh 996-998
  • Amir Abol Foares; AbdolMalek ebne Nuh 998-998

Ghaznavid Sultans, 997-1186

Seljuk Turkic Sultans, 1029-1194

divided, 1194-1256

Khwarazm(id) Shahs, 1096-1230

An empire built from Azerbaidjan, covering part of Iran and neighbouring Central Asia

  • Ghotbedeen Mohammad ebne Anushtekeen Gharajeh 1096-1128
  • Alaodeen Abol Mozaffar ebne Ghotbedeen ebne Mohammad 1128-1156
  • Tajedeen Abolfath Il Arsalan 1156-1171
  • Jalaledeen Mahmud Soltanshah ebne Il Arsalan 1171-1172
  • Aladdin Takesh ebne Il Arsalan 1172-1199
  • Soltan Jalaledeen Mohammad ebne Aladdin Takesh1199-1220
  • Jalaledeen ebne Aladdin Mohammad 1220-1230

Eliminated for good by the Mongol horde

Ilkhanate, pagan Mongol horde, 1256-1343, nominally subject to the Great Khan)

(Ilkhan means governor of an il, i.e. province)

divided, 1343-1380

Muzaffarid Dynasty, Amirs 1314-1393

  • Mubariz ad-Din Muhammad ibn al-Muzaffar (1314-1358)
  • Abu'l Fawaris Djamal ad-Din Shah Shuja (Yazd, then Shiraz 1353) (1335-1364, 1366-1384) with...
  • Qutb Al-Din Shah Mahmud (at Isfahan) (1358-1366) d. 1375
  • Mujahid ad-Din Zain Al-Abidin 'Ali (1384-1387)
  • To the Timurid Empire...
    • 'Imad ad-Din Sultan Ahmad (at Kerman)........1387-1391 with...
    • Mubariz ad-Din Shah Yahya (at Shiraz)........1387-1391 and...
    • Sultan Abu Ishaq (in Sirajan)................1387-1391
    • Shah Mansur (at Isfahan).....................1391-1393


Timurid dynasty 1380-1449

divided, 1449-1502:

  • Abdul Latif (1449 - 1450)
  • Abu Sa'id (1452 - 1468)
  • Hussein Bayqara (1468 - 1506)
  • Zahiruddin Babur (1497 - 1512)

Black Sheep (Kara qoyunlu), Turcoman Horde, emirate, 13..?78-15??

Uzbeks?

*

White Sheep (Aqqoyunlu), Turcoman Horde, emirate, 1378-1508

Uzbeks?

*

Safavid dynasty, Shahs 1502-1736

Afsharid dynasty, Shahs, 1736-1749

Zand dynasty, Shahs, 1750-1794

Qajar dynasty, Shahs, 1796-1925

Pahlavi dynasty, modern Shahs, 1925-1979

See also

External links

no:Liste over konger i Persia pl:Władcy Persji sl:seznam perzijskih kraljev fi:Luettelo Persian kuninkaista zh:伊朗君主列表

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