Grozny
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Grozny (Template:Lang-ru; Chechen: Djovkhar Ghaala) is the capital of the Chechen Republic in Russia. In 2002 the city had population of 210,720 people. It lies on the Sunzha River.
Grozny was founded in 1818 as a Russian military outpost and grew only slowly until the early 20th century. It then became a major industrial center and one of the Soviet Union's first oil production centers. In addition to the oil drilled in the city itself, it sits in the geographical center of Russia's network of oil fields.
The city is divided into four administrative city districts: Leninsky, Zavodskoy, Staropromyslovsky, and Oktyabrsky. All districts are residential, but Staropromyslovsky district is also the city's main oil drilling area, and Oktyabrsky district host most of the city's industry. However, nearly all of Grozny was destroyed or seriously damaged during the Chechen Wars.
The city was also known for its modern architecture and as a spa town. It had a university and was home to FC Terek Grozny.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union Grozny was a seat of separatist regime led by Dzhokhar Dudaev and was re-taken by the Russian Army forces during the First Chechen War in 1995, but guerrilla units operating from nearby mountains managed to harass and partly demoralize the Russian Army. Later under the political and public pressure Russian army withdrew in 1996 and Grozny was once again in the hands of Chechen separatists. The fighting resulted in many city buildings destroyed or damaged.
Grozny has been returned to Russia since the Second Chechen War began in 1999. The federal government representatives in Chechnya are based in Grozny. Government headquarters were blown up on December 27, 2002 by Chechen rebels.
Notable people from Grozny include Lyudmila Turishcheva.
External links
- Photo Essay: A Walk Through Grozny (http://www.pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/shows/chechnya/photo.html)
- The City of Grozny (http://www.calguard.ca.gov/ia/Chechnya-Grozny/chechnya%20-%20Grozny%20history.htm)ce:Джовхар-ГІала
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