Gregg Toland
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Gregg Toland (May 29, 1904 – September 26, 1948) was an extremely accomplished and highly influential American cinematographer, noted for his innovative use of lighting and techniques such as deep focus, an example of which can be found in his work on Orson Welles' Citizen_Kane.
During the 1930s Toland was one of the most sought ought cameramen in Hollywood. Over a seven year span (1936-1942) he was nominated six times for the "Best Cinematography" Oscar, including a win in 1940 for his work on Wuthering Heights.
He worked with many of the top directors of the 20s, 30s, and 40s including John Ford, Howard Hawks, Erich von Stroheim, King Vidor, Orson Welles, and William Wyler.
In the closing credits for Citizen Kane Toland shared the final card with Welles, an unheard of honor for a cameraman.
There is a small consensus of film historians who believe Citizen Kane's visual brilliance was due primarily to the contributions of Toland, and not director Orson Welles. Welles' scholars maintain that the visual style of Kane is similar to many of Welles' other films.
Selected Filmography
- Sadie Thompson (1928)
- Wuthering Heights (1939)
- The Grapes of Wrath (1940)
- The Long Voyage Home (1940)
- The Westerner (1940)
- Citizen Kane (1941)
- Ball of Fire (1941)
External Links
- Template:Imdb name
- A Biography (http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/archive/innovators/toland.html)